[1]Unite-- d States Paten office 21729,932 2,7299932 TWISTING SPINDLE BALLOON CONTROL Alfred W. Vibber, Ridgewood, N. J. Application July 24, 1951, Serial No. 238,215 20 Claims. (Cf. 57-58.83) This invention relates to an improved twisting spindle. Such spindle, in certain embodiments, may be employed as a singles twisting n-ieans. In other embodiments the spindle may be employed as a downtwister, which receives the elongated flexible material in a balloon created and niaintained by the spindle. The invention also relates to a system for continuously twisting and taking up elongated flexible material, such material proceeding from a source ,of supply into the spindle of the invention employed as a ,downtwister. In a preferred embodiment of the system ,of the invention there is employed apparatus forming cord from a plurality of yarn supplies, preferably twisting ispindles, while the material is continuously in motion, such - system incorporating the improved spindle of the invention for doubling the separate strands fed thereto, The twisting spindle of the invention is particularly of .advantage in those systems wherein the means for feeding .the flexible elongated material into the balloon of t,he twisting and cabling take-up spindle is driven at a sub@stantially constant rate, as where the strancl gathering pulley or other, similar means in the aforesaid systpm is @driven in synchronism with the singles tw isting spin @dles :and the doubling or cabling and twisting spindle, In such system, the apparatus of the invention governs the balloon in the cabling and tak@e-up spiildle, and thus the diameter and length of material in such balloon, by varying the speed of withdrawal of the material from the balloon. This application is a continuation-in-part of application Serial No, 214,866, filed March 10, 1951, application No. 223,188, filed April 27, 1951, application No. 223,189, filed April 27, 1951, now abandoned, and of application Serial No. 225,209 filed May 8, 195 1. In each of the four previous applications, referred to :above, of which this application is a continuation-in-part, there has been used an auxiliary capstan on the take-up or cabling and twisting spindle driven at constant speed and in synchronism with such spindle and also in, synchronism with the singles twisting spindles, and there has also been used a gathering pulley which has been either idle or braked, depending on the relationship of the sum of the tensions in the singles strands with respect to the tension m the doubled strands. The object of such system in each of said applications has been to establish and maintain an ;over-all balance in the tensions existing throughout the system6 In the present application there are shown systems wherein the gathering means, such as a gathering pulley, is driven in synchronism with the smgles supply spindles and with the cabling and twisting spindle of the system. Stibstantially no slip occurs at the gathering pulley or other gathering means, and thus the doubles balloon diameter, and/or the length of the material in such balloon, can be controlled by variation of the speed of withdrawal of the cord or other elongated flexible material from the doubles balloon in accordance with measurement of the doubles balloon diameter, measurement of the length of the material in such doubles bafloon, or measurement of the difference in the speeds of entry and withdrawal of the matePatented Jan. 10, 1956 rial from the balloon, in the manner set out in each of the four above applications. In a further embodiment of the present invention, the speed of withdraw;al of the material from the doubles balloon is governed by a tension-sensitive or tension detecting means engaging the doubled strands after their delivery by the gathering means and prior to their entry into the doubles balloon. In the present application, for the purpose of illustration, there are first shown, and described two embodiments 10 of the system wherein the speed of travel of the material into the balloon of the cabling and twist,mg spindle is maintained substantially constant, the variation of the speed of withdrawal of the material from such balloon being accomplished by the employment of mechanism providing 1 @5 for automatic variation of the speed of driving of the auxiliary capstan in response to the aforesaid measurements of the cabling and twisting spindle balloon. By way of further illustration of the invention there is shown a system wherein a tension-sensitive means engages 20 the doubled strands prior to their entry into the balloon of the take-up downtwister, such means governing the speed of withdrawal of the cord from the balloon of the take-up twisting spindle. Such spindle may be of any of the downtwister spindle types employed in the first de25 scribed s,ystems. Therp is also shown, by way of illtistration, an im proved tension imposing means at the singles spindles, which is employed in the preferred embodiment of the system wherein the sum of the tensions in the singles 3o alloons substantially equa s the tension in the cabling and twisting spindle balloon. Th . p invention will be more readily understood by reference to the accompanying drawings forming a part of the svecification, inwhich: .35 Fig. I is a somewha,t 4iagrammatic, over-all view, in side elevation of a twisting and doubling apparatus for fpr;ning cord from yarns, such apparatus employing the preferred emboditnent of the balloon control apparatus described as a means for controlling the diameter of the 40 center, take-u , ballogn; Fig. 1A is an enlarge,d fragmentary view partially in section and partially in end elevation of' a portion of the apparatus of Fig. 1; Fig. 2 is a view in vertical axial section of the center, 4,5 take-up, spindle, showing the balloon diameter measuring means and the variable speed auxiliary capstan at such center spindle; Fig. 3 is an enlarged view in axial secti6n through the variable speed atixiliary capstan and the means for driv.50 ing it; Fi.-. 4 is a somewhat diagrammatic, over-all view, in side elevation of a secolid embodiment of a twisting and doubling apparatus for forming cord from yarns; Fig, 5 is an enlarged view, partially in side elevation 55 and partially in vertical axial section through the bottom of the pentral, cabling and twisting, spirldle in the combination shown in Fig. 4-1 Fig. 6 is a somewhat simplified view in cross sectioii through the apparattis of Fig. 5, the section being taken 60 along the line 6-6 in Fig. 5; Fig. 7 is a somewhat diagrammatic, c)ver-all view, in side elevation of a third embodiment of a twisting and doubling apparatus for forming cord from yarns; Fig. 8 is a somewhat schematic view in side elevation 65 of a folrth embodiment of a twisting and doubling apparatus for forming cord from yarns in accordance with the invention; Fig. 9 is an enlarged view in side elevation of the tension-sensitive means engaging the doubled strands 70 below the gathering pulley and prior to their entry into the cabling and twisting spindle; atid Fig. 10 is an enlarged view in end elevation of slich
[2]tension-sensitive means, the view being taken from a point of view along the line 10-10 in Fig. 9. In Figs. 1, 2, and 3 there is shown the first embodiment of the twisting apparatus of the inventiori. In the specific embodiment shown, such apparatus, which is designed for the inaking of cord s-,ich as the reiiiforcing cord for tires, ilicorporates two singles straiid delivering spindles and a central cabling and twisting spindle, in accordance with the general combination shown ih Uhlig Patent No. 2,487,837, November 15, 1949. In Fig. I the left-hand singles spindle, des-I.-nqted 2, a-@id the right-hand siiigles spindle, desigiiated 4, fced their strands 52 and 69, respectively, to a driveii gttliering @ulley, from mhich they are fed iii -,athered, as yet tintw isted-upon-each-other, condition to the central, cabling and twisti-@ig spindle 6. Preferably sLi-,Tacient wraps of the threads 52 and 60 are take@i upon the dr,',ve-.i gathering pulley so that stibstaitially no slippage between such threads and the pulley occurs. Under suchcotiditions, the gathering pulley acts as a tension isolating means, whereby tensioq conditions in the siiigles s@indles are isolat-,d from tension conditions in the c-abling And twistiiig spindle. Furthermore, ,@.iider such conditioiis the gathered cords are withdrawn at a substantially constant speed from the singles spindles and ate fed at a substantially constant si)eed into the cabling and twisting spindle. As above iiidieated, th@- invention here involved employs means whereby the balloon of the cabling and, twistin.- spindle is controlled as to size or d@ to the length of material tlierein by m,-7ans varying the @i)eed of withd@-awal of the material from the balloon, sd that the balloon size is controlled. As shown in Fig. I there is provided a horizontal inachine frame part 8 on which are attached, spaced longitudinally thereof, the supports 10, 12, and 14, for spindles 2, 4, and 6, respectively. Also attached to such machine f-rame part, by means of the motor shaft bearing hanger member IS is the motor 16 the shaft of which is provided with the driving pull,-y 20. Piille 'Y 20 drives, through the medium of b,-It 32, in a co-@iventional manner the pulleys 22, 24, and 26 for spindles 2, 4, and 6, respectively. The end of belt 32 remote from the motor passes over the idle guiding pulley 28 which is jotirnalled, as shown, in bearing member 30, likewise attached to frame member S. The as yet untwisted yarn in each singles spindle i@ supported therein ii-i the forn-1 of a package floatingly maintained agair-ist rotation, in a conventional manner. In the sin.- les spindle 2 the yarn package is desi-nated 34. The yarn 36, withdrawn from such package, proceeds upwardly and thence downv,,ardly to the tension device 38, and then enters the yarii twistina guide 40 affixed on top of the main shaft 42 of the spindle 2. The non-rotatable floating package support, mounted on said shaft 42 of spindle 2, is designated 44. Beneath support 44 there is affixed on shaft 42 so as to rotate therewith the disc-shaped flyer member 46 which has a radial @thread guiding passage therein, such passa-c coiinecting at its iniier end with the axial passage (not shown) through shaft 42. When the flyer and shaft 42 are rotated, the yarn 36 is first twisted in the zone between device 38 and twist gi-iide 40, and is given a second twist in the balloon 49. The material emerges from balloon 48 throiigh the guiding eye 50, placed coaxially of the spindle 2, such two-for-one twisted thread, designated 52, being led to the driven - ,athering pulley 62. The singles spindle 4 is in all respects similar to spindle 2 described above. The thread is delivered therefrom through the radial passage in ilyer 54, then forming itself in'to the balloon 56, and b-,ing ptil.led upwardly through the guiding eye 58. The thread 60 produced by the spindle 4 proceeds i-ipwardly to the drivepgathering pulley 62, where it is combined with thread 52 into' the doubled but as yet untwisted-upon-each other threads designated 64. The thus combined threads 64 proceed downwardly through the guiding eye 66 of the cabliiig and tviisting spindle 6, below the eye being formed ii-ito the balloon 6S. The driven gathering pulley 62 acts, iii this embodiment, as a speed determining membe- 'Or the strands being processed and thus as a twist go-vernor. Pulley 62 is mounted on the driven horizontal shaft 70, such shaft havilig thereon the V belt recei@,iiria pulley 72. E-,itrained over pulley 72 is the driving v belt 74, which is 10 driven in synchronism with tlle main upri.@ht shaft 76 ol th.@, spindle 6. Such driving is ac.cow-plished b proy vision of worm 78 on the bottom of shaft 76, the worni gear 80 keyed to horizontal shaft 82 which meshes with such worm, and the driving V belt receiving pulley ge@ 15 about which the belt 74 is entrained. The bottom end of the balloon 63 at the cabling and 'Evvisting spindl-- 6 is withdrawn by t@ie ballo@-ri creating aiid maintaining flyer 86 through the radial passlage 88 therein. As shown in Fig. 2, passage 88 cominunicates 20 at a curved jz-,-iicture with the axial pqssa.-c 90 in the main shaft 76 of spi,@idle 6. The spindle 6 is, in all major respects except for the pro-vision of variable speed means f6r driving the auxiliary capstan and for the provision of means for detecting 25 -lh-, diameter of the balloon 68, the same as that shown in Fi,-. 4 of the application of Bo-danffy et al., Serial No. 59,3@,'), fil-ld November 10, 1948, now P,,itent No. 2,654,210. As shown, the main shaft of spindle 6 is provided with a iemovable axial extension 92, such axial 30 extensio-@l being hollow to co,nduct the twisted cord therethrough and beipg provided with a driving conneet;o@i between its bottom en'd and the top of shaft 76. The two-for-one twisted cord proceeds upwardly through the bore iii shaft 76, the axial passage in exten@-ioii 92, aiid 35 'Lhence over the first fixed guide pulley 94 to the auxiliary capstan generally designated 96. Sucti auxiliary capstan is provided with two steps, the bottom step 98 first receivin- the twisted cord. Tbe cord is passed one or more times around si-ich first step, 40 then is take@i off over the second fixed guide pulley 100, and then is returned for one or more turns around the second or upper st.ep 102 of the auxiliary capstan 96. The cord is then taken off the second step on the auxiliary capstan travelling over the guide pulleys 104 and 106, iii 45 that ord r from which it proceeds to the cord laying and guidin.- pulle 108 on the traverse devi , y cc 110. Slich tra-,,- erse device is reciprocated vertically by means of the double worm 112 which is driven in s nchronism with Y the driven bobbin 114. The material thus wound upon 50 such bobbin is designated 116. The spindle 6 is provided with a comp,-nsat;ng magnetic clutch 118 for d ving bobbin 114, such clutch being ri similar to that in the patent to A . resti No. 2,434,496 December 19, 1950. Such clqtch,hds for its function the 55 main@ainin- of a substantially constant pull u pon cord as it is wound upon the bobbin in spite of the constant variation of the radius of the circle tipon ,vhich it is woqlld o-.i the bobbin. Gener-ally such clutch includes a central rotor member @120 key@ed to shaft 7-6, and an 60 outer rotor member 122, embracing the inner rotor part, such outer rotqr bei.ng connected to the bobbin supportingmeniber,@vhichisf loatinglymou-iitedonshaft76. The outer rotor member is so arranged as to be deflectable by th bobbin and the material wound thereon, whereby the e 65 air gap between rotor parts is co,nstantly decreased as th.e wei@ i of t'ne bobbin . and the material wound thereon ,h increases@ - As a result, substantially constant pul ismaintained -upoir the cord @as it is wound Lipon the bobbin in spite of the prorressivelv increasing si7e of the circle 70 of rnaterial on the b.obbin. The si,)indle 6 shown in Fig. 2 is provided with means for con5tan I tly measuring the-diameter of, or the length of the material in, the balloon 68. In the embodiment shown such balloon diameter measurin,a means takes 75 the form of -t@at embodiment shown in -my prior applica-
[3]2,729,082 5 tions Serial Nos. 214,866 and 225,209 wherein the pressure of a column of air in immediate communication with the balloon is measured, such air pressure having a fixed empirical relationship to the diameter of the balloon. Spindle 6 is provided with an outer guard member 124, such gtiard member having, preferably at the position of greatest girth of the balloon, a toroidal manifold 126 the inner zone of which communicates through the slot 128 with the space within the guard 124. The guard 124 is supported on member 149 attached to the fixed member 14 by the open wire mesh structure 130, so that not much if any of the breeze from the flyer reaches the point at which the balloon breeze is measured. The spindle is further pi6vided with the inner guard member 132, the balloon rotating between the two guards 124 and 132. Manifold 126 communicates with the expansible chamber 134 the rear, fixed end of which is suppprted on the member 136. The forward, movable, end of such expansible chamber is connected to the lower end of the first-class lever 138, the upper end of which is pivoted to the bracket 139 affixed to the upper machine frame part 137, as shown in Fig. IA. The upper arm of lever 138 operates the carbon granule variable resistor member 140 in the manner evident in Fig. 1A. As the lever 138 swings counter-clockwise, as it is shown in Fig. IA, in response to increase in diameter of balloon 68, it allows the plunger 141 of resistor 140 to be thrust to the left by the light coil compressi6n spring 143 acting between a collar on the plunger and the end of the housing of the resistor. Thereupon the resistance through means 140 rises. Reverse movement of lever 138, upon decrease in diameter of the balloon 68, results in a decrease in resistance through means 140. Such variation in resistance is used to govern the variable speed drive for the auxiliary capstan 96, whereby the speed of withdrawal of the material from ball6on 68 is automatically responsive to the means for coiitinuously measuring the diameter of the balloon, sach speed increasing when balloon diameter increases and decreasing when balloon diameterdecreases. Such function is accomplished as follows: Lead Li is connected to one terminal of the resistor 140. A wire 144 rtins from the other terminal of such resistor, there being interposed in such wire the manually adjustable rheostat 145. The wire 144 continues and makes connection with the brush 148 which is affixed, as sh6Nvn in Fig. 2, in a brtish holder in the fixed, horizontal, outer guard supporting, member 149 6f the spindle 6. Another wire 142 runs from the other side L2 of the current supply. Wire 142 is connected, als6 as shown in Fig. 2, with the seco-@id brush 146 likewise affixed in a brush holder in member 149. The brushes 146 and 148 make connection, respectively, with slip rings 150 and 152 which are mounted on the botiom of :flyer 86 in insdlated channel members, not shown. Wires, not sh6wn, through the flyer memb--r at positions other than that of the radial passage 88, run from the slip rings 150 and 152 to the slip rings 154 and 156, respectively, positioned on the top of the flyer member 86, also in insulating channel members, not sh6wn. In this instance the tipwardly dished rotatable guard member 157 is made int6gral with flyer 86, slip rings 154 and 156 being positi6ned on top of such guard member. The slip rings 154 and 156 make electrical connection with brushes 158 and 160, respectively, which are held in briish holders in the bottom member 161 of the cage which is floatingly mounted on the shaft 76. From the briishes 158 alid 160 there extend the two lead wires 162 and 164, such @,vires proceeding upwardly as shown along one of the post members 165 of the spindle cage. The auxiliary capstan 96 is driven generally as in the cited Bogdanffy et al. patent. In the embodiment here shown the drive is through the medium of the small V belt receivin.a pulley 166 affixed to the top of the spindle shaft extension member 92, the large V belt receiving pulley 168 afrixed to the shaft 174 on which the auxiliary capstan is mounted, 'and the V beit 169 dxtdnding between such pulleys. In Fig. 2 the spindle is shown with such belt removed, such belt being indicated in Fig. 3. The member on top 6f spindle 6 supporting the auxiliary capstan is in this instance made of Z shape, such s,upporting member being designated 170 and having a main horizontal part 172 in which is journailed the shaft 174 carrying the auxiliary capstan 96. The bearing between parts 172 and 174 is designated 176. 10 Shaft 174 is furtlier rotatably journalled in top member 178 of the spindle cage, the bearing between the shaft and such part being designated 180. The pulley 168 is of the split pulley type, the distance between pulley parts being adjustable over a small 15 range whereby to adjust the effective diameter of the pulley and thus to provide a variable speed driving means. The bottom part of pulley 168 is designated 182. Su bottom part is fixedly keyed by means 184 to the shaft 174. The upper part of puliey 168, designated 186, has 20 a spline connection 188 between it and shaft 174, whereby such upper pulley part 186 may reciprocate along such shaft over a small range. The upper pulley part is provided, adjacent its axis, with a coilnterbore 190 m there is positioned the coil compression spring 192, the 25 botiom end (>f such spring bearing on the lower pulley part 182. Pulley part 182 has a portion 194 of the composite V groove, the other portion of such V groove being forined by surface 196 on piilley part 186. The spring 192 normally tends to thrust the pulley parts ;away from each 30 other, such parts being held together with a space 198 between them under normal operating conditions of the spindle. The means for pubing the pulley parts together is made up of the wound field coil 202 positioned in the o' r) recess 200 in pulley part 182. Current conducting leads 204 to such wotind field coil are brought upwardly through the bore 206 in shaft 174 to the slip rings 212 mounted, as shown, in the upper insulating sleeve 208 which is held fixedly on shaft 174 by the set screw 210. 40 Brushes 214, attixed in brush holders mounted in insulating members in the upstanding arm 216 of supporting mei-nber 170, serve to make connection between such slip rings and the lead wires 162 and 164,- previously described. 45 The apparatus thus far described operates as follows. The effective resistance of carbon granule resistor 140 bears a fixed empirical relationship to the diameter of the balloon 68. Accordingly, the voltage delivered through lead wires 162 and 164, once the manually ad5o justable rheostat 145 has been set, will likewise bear a fixed empirical relationship to the size of the balloon. The degree to which the wound field coil 202 of the pulley 168 is energized will likewise bear an empirical relationship to the balloon size. Such degree of ener55 gization of the field coil determines the degree of approach of the two parts of the split pulley toward each other. Such degree of approach, or in other words the size of the air gap 198, will determine the effective diameter of such pulley 168 and thus the speed of driv60 ing of the auxiliary capstan 96. As the balloon diameter increases, the resistance through carbon granule resistor 140 increases and thus the voltage across wires 162 and 164 will decrease@ This in turn will allow the parts 182 and 186 to move slightly further apart, thereby decreas65 ing the effective diameter of pulley 168, and thereby resulting in the increased speed of driving of auxiliary capstan 96. Accordingly, as the balloon diameter increases, the capstan 96 is driven at an increased speed, thereby drawing mat-.rial out of the balloon at an increased rate. 70 It will be obvious that, upon the decrease of size of the balloon, a reverse operation will take place, whereby the effective diameter of pulley 168 will increase, thereby decreasing the speed of withdrawal of the material from the balloon. It will be obvious that the apparatus seeks 75 a stable mid-point at which, once the rheostat 145 has
[4].7 kqp @pt t4e balloon will tend to remain at a predetermined desired medial diameter. n tke 4pparatus of Figs. 4, 5, and 6 there is shown th ..@ sppe gp@ neral three,-s@indle combination previously dpscribed ih Figs. 1 ard 2. In this embodiment, holv- 5 ever, the hei.-hts 4nd diar@i.-ters of ti-te ball,oons of thesingies@s@indles are so chosen, relative to such dimensions @i-the'd-oubling and twisting spindle, that at mediaj', diameters of su@h singles and doi-ibles balloons the sum qf the tensio-tis in the singles balloons equals or sub- io s.tantially equals the tensioli in the do@dbles b-allooll. Acco@dingly, in thi I s embodiment, there is little if any tendenc of the strands to stip on th,- driven gathering y pul@p 244, and so a compa rati,,,ely small number of y wraps of such strands is necessary tipon such pulley as 115 compared to the iituliber of wraps necessary in the embodiment of Figs. 1, 2, and 3, wherein the tension in the qqubles balloon will ordinarily substancially exceed the sum of the tensions in the singles ball,,Ons. In Fig. 4 the singles s indle at the left is designated 20 p 218 and that at t . he rilht 220. Th-, flyer ol' spi@idle 218 i5 . d 222, . psignate,d I wliereas that of spindle 220 is desig nated 224. Since the spindles 218 and 220 are - ider@tical, detailed discussion of the singles spindles will be con@n@d to spindle 213. The packa.ae 226 of spindle 218 25 feeds yarn thei7efrom through the tension device 228 down throiigh the twist guide 230 oiitwardly through the @yer 222 and upwardly @mto the balloon 232. The flyer 222 is of the type shown in Figs. 18 qnd 20 of my prioiapplication 214,866, stich flyer incorporating at the outer 1.0 end thereof a tension imposing device 223. The twofor-one twisted thread, designated 240, proceeds tipward'iy from balloon 232 over th-, guidiig p@illey 288 journalled in rame part 264, to the driven gathering pulley 244. A similar thread 242 proceeds upwardly from spindle 35 220 through the balloon 234 over a similar guiding puly le to the drive gathering pulley 244. An eye 236 is prqvide.d axially above spindle 218, and a similar eye 238 is positioned axially above spindle 220. Stich eyes are automaticallv I adiiistable in a manner which will be de- 40 scribed hereinafter. The driveii gatheri@ig pulley 244 is niounted o,.i horizontal cross shaft 240, stich cross sh@gft havin-, thereon t@e !V belt r--ceivi I n.- driving plilley 2,1,'G over wh-@'ch is cil@trained the V belt 250. The V belt is dri:@ien throil-gji the @5 medium of the i@verm 320 Posit;oned on the bc)ttom of the main sbaft 319 of spindle 256, Lhe -,,vorm gear 322, and the pulle@, 326 oi,er which is eiitrai-tied the bottom end of belt 150, such pu'iley be;ng I mou-@ited oii the cross shaft 3 . ')4 on whi ch is mounted the worm gcar 322. T.-ic 50 dqubled, as, yet untvvi,sted,,ipon-each-other, sill,@ies strands 252 are led downwardly frorq the gathering pulley, which, as , is evident, is d.-iveri i@ synchro-@iism with the speed of,driviiig,of the cc I nter doubling aiid cab!-'lig spindl.- 256@ Sucli doubled strands proceed downwardly through the 55 manuallv adiustable eye 254 iilo th-- balloon 502 of spindle 256. The means 258 for adjusting eye 23.5 of spi-idle 218, a I nd the me . ans 260 for adjustiiig eye 238 of spind"e 220 are ident@cal. Sucli means, except for the mechanisi-n for 60 imposing torqpe upon the shaft 2SO (i-ti me,,.ns 2@9@) opp,6sing ihat of the eye 236 is ideit:lcql witli that showr! for I that ruri)ose I i@- Fig. 25 of my prior application Serial No. 225,209. De-,,ice 258 i-.-icludes the t)-@iraliel vertical worms 262, such worms being jotirn@ill,-d in the u pei- niap chi4le frame part '@64 and the lower machine irai-@ie parts 266. E,@ch of such worms has a longitudinal .-roove 268 ther@il3, such worms passing through bores in the large g(@4rs 272 wbich are rotatably supr)orted in the -olatform 270, which also carries the rotatable ove ZM,. A ,:ear - o 276 is provided. on the outer portioli of the eye 236, there being provided, between gear 276 and the large gears 27;, @h e int I ermediate Pears 274. The worms 262 threadedl eng4g@e @Ned rut.s mounted in platform 270. Each qf,@4,@ Iarg ca ie,@ 4 radiall inwardly pro- 75 @ears 272 rr -8 jec.ting @ey jmpjpbpr which eng, q@ te slo,t -or gtgpvf, 2!k$ @g in -worms 262, the worms @ein freely @lid ble throuith ..g the bores in gears 272. It will be evident that pp(ir the turiiing of voriis 262 the platform 2-70 will be adjusted upviardly or downwardly depending upon the direction of rotatio@.1 of the worms, intergeariilg betweeii the worms occurring throu h the aforemi@ntion@,d gear train of 9 v@hich the gear Oil the e e is a part@ -Y Torque opposing the I torque imposed on eye 236 by its ballood 2.32 is applied to the thus described system by ricans of the bevel bear 278 mounted on top of one of th-- worms 262, t]-ie bevel gear 232 meshing therewith niolir@ted on the end. of horizontal shaft 280, and the torque moto., 284, which is of the spriiig variety, such s,,)ring being wound to selected degrees by tl-ip- key 286. VVhep sL,,Ich torque motor 284 is wound to the selected deg@@-ee, iL w-ill impose upon ttie worms 262 a torque whi,ch is jtist sufficient to balance the o posing torque imposed p thereon by ti-ie action b-.tween ba,lloon 262 and the eye 236. Accordingly the devices 258 and 260, above described, i-naintain the heights of their respective balloons such that the tensiqu iu each of the threads 240 and 242 is at the desired medial value, whereby the sums Of the tensions in arch threads substantially equals or equals the. tension ii balloon 302 Nvhen such latter balloon is adjlisted to its desired height. The iiieaiis ior adjusting the height of balloon 302 takes the fcrm of m-,ans for vertically positioiiin.@ the eye 254. Stich r,7.eans, gerierally desig.-iated 290, consists of the vertical machine frame P-irt 292, which fornis a guideway for th,, vertical slide membe.- 294. The position of member 29'@ I'S goveriied by the manually rotatable screw 298, positio-@ied as showii, ;ii the machine frame part so as to b-- rotatable therein, the worm engaging the nut ,.nember 300 on the slide 294. Ttirning of the worm 298 in the correct directioi ,vill effect the desired vertical adjustinent of eye 254. In the embodinient shown iii Fig, 4, the speed of withdrawal of the, -rnaterial 252 from the balloon 302 is govern-,d mantially. Material 252 proceeds downwardly through balloon 302, being withdrawn through the radial passage 305 iii flyer -304 of such spindle. The bobbin 30.6 of stich spindle, mounted upon the enlar-,ed Lipper shaft portion 307, is driven, as in til@e case of the apparatus of Figs. 1, 2, a-@id 3, through the compensating magnetic clutch ge@ierally designated 309. lii Fig. 4, the spindles 213, 220@ and 256 are driven respectively by the engagement of be,t 316 with pulleys 31,0, 312, and 314. For simplicity the structiire supporting such spindles in the machine fraine has been omitted in this figure, as well as in Figs. 7 and 8. The means whereby the sp--Cd of withdrawal of the material from the balloon 302 of spindle 256 may be varied will be better understood b consideration of Figs. 5 aiid 6. As ther,e shown, the r-,iain drivina and supporting shaft for spindle 256 is hollow, haviiig a!l axial bor@@ therethrough. Such main shaft is designated 318. Shaft 318 is mounted in a suppprting men-iber 328 similar to member 14 in Fig. 2, such member 328 being received in a portio-@i of the machine frame, not shown. Shaft 318 is, as sho,,vn, rotatably supported in supporting member 328 by bearings 33(,'@ Supported @vithin the bore in shaft 318 is the small axially located shaft 332, stich shaft being journa,l.led in shaft 318 through the medium of the bearings 334. On the botton, end of the small shaft 332 there is posi tiolied the inductor disc 336 made of electiically conducting metal such as cor)p.,--r alur@iinum, and the like. A wouiid field coil 338,,positioned in shell 340, is supported oii frame part 346 so a s to lie parallel with the outer broad fade of disc 3,36 witli a small air gap 342 betw,een them. The wotind field coi. 333 is selectively energized to vary@ng degrees, by means to be explained, throu gh the lead wires 344. The degree c;f a' traction between induc@ tor disc @36 4rid the woun fi Id coil 338, ai4d thus: .,e
[5]9 force imposed upon shaft 332 retarding its rotation, may be varied by varying the degree of energization of coff 338., Joumalled within flyer 304, in the recess 349 therein, is the cord engaging and advancing roller member generally designated 348. Member 348 is, as shown, so positioned that its axle 350 extends transverse to the axis of rotation of the flyer. The roller 348 is of such diameter and is so positioned that the longitudinal center of the inner side of its central cord engaging drum portion 352 lies tangent to the axis of the flyer, along which material 252 proceeds after leaving such roller. The cord 252, proceeding inwardly through the radial passage 305 in flyer 304, may be wrapped one or more times about such central portion 352 of the roller so as to have substantially non-slipping engagement therewith. As mentioned, the cord then leaves such portion 352 and travels upwardly through the bore in the enlarged portion 307 of the central shaft of the spindle, which in this instance is discontinuous, the flyer 304 being interposed between the portions 318 and 307, both such parts 318 and 307 being fixedly connected to flyer 304. Roller 348 is provided with end flanges, the outer portions of such flanges having gears 354 thereon. Gears 354 mesh with the gears 356 positioned on the ends of the intermediate gear member 358 which is also journalled in a recess in the flyer on an axle 360, such axle being parallel to axle 350. Centrally of member 358 there is positioned the hour-glass worm gear 362 which meshes, as shown, with the small hour-glass worm gear 364 fixedly attached to the top of shaft 332. Shaft 332 is positioned coaxially of the flyer. Gears 364 and 362 are made of such hand, and gears 364, 362@ 356, and 354, and drum 352 are made of such relative size that, when the flyer 304 rotates with the disc 336, and thus the shaft 332 and the worm 364, locked from rotation, material 252 will be drawn in to the flyer at a speed at least sli.-htly in excess of the speed required to maintain the balloon 302 at the desired medial diameter. Such driving of member 348 results, of course, by the rotation of members 348 and 358 as a unit with the flyer about the worm 364 and thus the driving of member 348 through the medium of the gears 364 and 362 and also the gears 354 and 356. During operation of the spindle, the wound field coil 338 is energized to a degree sufficient to retard the rotation of inductor disc 336 to a point at which the speed Of rotation of shaft 332 and thus of worm 364 with respect to member 358 is such that the drum portion 352 Of member 348 has a peripheral speed such that it withdraws material 252 at the requisite speed from its balloon. The energization of wound field coil 338 is under the control of the manually adjustable rheostat 365, which is @ ion e e so as posit ed outside th spindl to be readily available to ihe operator. The embo@@,nt f Figs. 4, 5, and 6 is of advantage, therefore, since it inherently balances the tensions in the singles and the doubles balloons, thereby minitnizing slippage of the material at the gathering pulley and thereby insuring constant speed of infeed of the material into the doubles balloon@ Under such conditions only infrequent adjustment of the speed of drawing in of the material into the spindle 256 through manipulation of rheostat 365 isnecessary. The material leaving the positive cord withdrawirig means 348 rises, as explained, through the central axi;l bore in the main shaft of the spindle, thence proceeding, over guide pulleys, directly to the traverse mechanism 308 whereby it is laid on the bobbin 306. The member 348 and its drive takes the place of the auxiliary capstan 96 in the embodiment of Figs. 11 2, and 31 the compensating clutch 309 serving to supply the necessary torque to the bobbin to withdraw the material upwardly through the spindle and to wind it on the bobbin. Jn the embodiment of Fig. 7 there is shown a three22720,932 10 spindle machine which has the balloon diameter of both the singles and doubles spindles automaticauy controlled, so that when the machine is oice adjusted it is capable of operation continuously for long periods without attention other than to doff the filled bobbin and replace it by an empty one, and to replace empty supply packages. In the embodiment of Fig. 7 the singles spindle at the left is designated 366 and that at the right is designated 368. The center twisting and doubling spindle is desig10 nated 370. The structure of the spindl,B 370, insofar as it concerns the manner of withdrawing material from the balloon inwardly of the flyer and of the m.eans for driving the bobbin and for laying the material on the bobbin, is the same as that previously shown and de15 scribed in Figs. 4, 5, and 6. The spindle 370 differs from that previously described, however, in that it incorporates a means for automatically and continu(>usly meastiring the diameter of the doubles balloon and for controlling the speed of feeding the material from the doubles 20 balloon in accordance with such measurement. Spindle 370 is provided with an outer guard member 402, such guard member being provided with the manifold 404 which is connected with the expansible chamber 406. Expansible chamber 406 controls the position25 ing of second-class lever 408 which cooperates with the plunger of the carbon granule resistor 410 so as to decrease the resistance through such resistor when the bottom end of lever 408 travels in the directic)n into the paper in Fig. 7. The disposition of lever 408 and resistor 410 30 relative to each other is the same as that between parts 232' and 334 in Fig. 8 of application Serial No. 214,866. One connection to such carbon granule resistor 410 is made from lead wire L5. A wire 412 leads from the other terminal of such resistor to the manually operable 35 rheostat 414 from whence the wire 416 leads to one side of the wound field 418. The other side of such wound field is connected to the line L6 of the source of current. An inductor disc 420, similar to that previously described in connection with Figs. 4, 5, and 6, is positioned on a 40 small ceiitral shaft in spindle 370 with an air gap between it and indiictor 418. As a result of such construction, the speed of cord withdrawing pulley 421 niounted in the flyer 423 of spindle 370 may be controlled through the degree of energization of inductor cofl 418. It will 45 be apparent that with the suitable choice of component sizes and with the suitable adjustment of rheostat 414, the balloon diameter measuring r@ieans, operating through carbon granule resistor 410, will energize wound field 418 to a suitable controlled variable extent so that the cord 5( withdrawing means 421 will draw in the cord from the balloon at a rate just fast enough, when correlated with the constant speed of feed-in of such cord by gathering Dulley 422, that the balloon is maintained constantly at its medial d'ameter. 55 1 As above indicated, each of the singles spindles 366 and 368 is likewise automatically contri3lled so that its diameter is maintained withiii narro,@i( predetermined Iiinits. In both such spindles substantially the same cord 60 engaging means is employed at the center of the flyer, as in the apparatus of Figs' 4, 5, and 6, such cord engagin.a means in the singles spindles functioning as a selectively variable tensioning means. In each ol' spindles 366 and 368 the cord engaging roller corresponding to member 65 348 in Figs. 4, 5, and 6, is designated 421'. Such roller 421' is under the control of the small axi@il shaft 396, to the bottom of which is affixed the inductor disc 394 which cooperates, with a small air gap between th.em, with the 70 wotind field of the inductor 392. Means 392 is fed through the first current source L6 on ope side thereof and, on the other side, through the wire 390 in which is placed the manually adjustable rheostat 388. Beyond such rheostat the wire continues at 386 to a terminal of 15 the carbon granule resistor 384, the other terminal of
