[1]Patented Jan. 5, 1954 29@6i649579 VNITED, STATES PATE.NT OFFICE 9,,664,579 IQOLI) HEADER P eph .. k -ocl to Jos A .. -e Oord, Ill., assignor Be 6f 4- $o@p 4e. RockfiDrd, Ill., a corporwtiqa Applieation October 8,1948. Serial@ No. 53,461 1, C@4 (Cl@. 10@. 13-,) 2 , This invention relates- to headers, or upoetting machines. In such machine& it is common practice intermitt.eiitly, to feed the stock, such as, a wire or rod, into th-e machine and eut@ off, blank-& there- 5 from, which are transferied to. apprqpriate tools, where, after two, or more opetations are performed thereon, t-he headed or upset blanks are ejected. H-eade,rs as beretofore designed and corit 10 s.true.teci were capable of producing a com-,oleted rivet, or@ bolt@, with. every two revol-utions of the flywheel. It. is t-he I>rincipal obje@et of- my lrxveiition to. provlde a. header, so desig@ned aiad con@ str.ucted that. a completed rtvet ox bolt L-,, ob- 15 tained upon eachi revolutign of@ the. flywheo., which means a, one, h@indred per qe4t, atep-up. in production. AnG,ther objeot- is to PxQvide a header, iti NvhtQb the die7 head slufts I$V in, gne d@rectiqn in (,ae 20 cycle, and is@ tur.,ned-))kLcl@ iii the next eyolp, and has. two ope;ung@o witb. id@e4tipal -quarp i@(@cess.e,s. in the outer exkd5 tlierepf t-he blazik@ tct be jA@ ppkrti4li@IY upset beizig QAterpd headers had a tendene-y@ to; fracture even though t,o all outwar@d appearances the, rivets seemed to be satisfactgry. In the machine- of my invention, the 180.1 shiftable die head is tu-r-ned in bearings on the frame instead of on the ram, thereby enabling running- at, higher@ speed without. too much vibratign, and,, in accordi@nce with, my invention, plungers working in guides in the frame, and operated under hydraulic pres$ure transmit, the back and forth oseillatory movemeiit to, the dip head through tnvo series of ballstraveling- in raceways provided therefor in the bearing for the shifting drum, accu@iate positioning, of, the', die head at opposite extreme4,, of movement. b-ein @ 9 assured by the provision of manually adjustoble set screws witli which radial projeetions, on t)ie shifting drum come into al?ntrixent, Wh_pA t4e d@e head has been turned as far as it. 5hould gq, the balls@ giving positive movemeiit i@@ P14@47 mum fraction losses in a rel-atively. q@-niplq. *%nd economical construction and witlioqt OE@Age@ Qf any breakage. in the event of I a jarn, I)epause if a jam occurs, @pressure, merely bqil4 . ui? W, @4e upsi@t, and izi- th rp@e ti@i!q Prqv@PA:@lY, PAV- 2,5 fluid line extending to: thA opqrgti4g, qyli44p@@,, , e@ sa qt tiaii the q - thor lx(?Ie @A up e 4 y upsp,,t blpn.X tn tQ causing, a r(zlief valve, to, be- opepeci fgr @@@tur of fiD .r e itjs, final . xn, pTo din o@, @l@,lp4ci w,@th fluid to. the sump. q, sq4ar sho@nk- under,, it px, 44y, qthgr- (!eAtri@d @h4pp, tIAe The invent@Qn is. illuqtrgt@@d i4 t4@,, o@CpQMi?,4n Y@ previously partially upset portion furnisbjao @4 ing drawings, i4 WiliehFig. 1 is a side, vie@w; gt 4 hegd@,r- m?,Op ir, pul o :r p@ ?, @o c@ @gry or In ,k )4t@ @qq $hgp qir@ion s of the ,,Oa, 4hapk p.(?rtion under the head. Iii cordatic e w.,lt4 my @p tio ,g e,Qnne,c a With th@,:rev ',@le di he4 th machine bejng brol@exi awpy tq 4@4a!?I@e @hqwin pr@i -Q ,Qre are plunge@s, 'kaa bgpk--up pins wpgl,@ing, 1,4 t4e bolps the machille, on a lajger @@pale; -ig.5, 2 and 3, axQ ei4d viqws, of the m ch' in@ th F 4 @ ;4p ,o diq, ho4q. ikild arrangqd t(? pqoperate qlter ply wi lk a. bEkpXr4p sprqw t provioe. p@qper taken froni opposite, end$" n@tt -t I 9 35 )3,@kqking, up fQr tlle bl4nk ia th iwtial ql?set- Fig. 4 is a lQiagitqd:i4gl s ptign through the tii@i oppy 14 ,e g attqn, ta prqdetpriai e t4e pntez@it to machine taken o:R tlq4@ b,@ro@.en lin 4@4 pf Figt 3; WI Fig. 5 is a pjon vtqw of Mg.. 4, ,Ijc,h the pluiagi@r will be pqrr4itted tq i@ee(@ae ixi the ana -tti- 4s rnui ed for the Fig. 6 is 4 hor,@zolitql 4,Zct@on t)[iroug4: thE@ 4ies 1_ @e n oderation r UP. I 9 pto er formi 9 gf tb@e .5.qqA@e, (r pt@@l p;r shaped takenolitheline6 69f-.Fig,14-@ - P 40 Fg S. 7 a,han,k =d 11 @f .ons takp4 Q4 t4p -er thp hqgd. Thip aipchine o m _y i4- aild 8, are er s -s ct@ ye tjon i so dQ4igAect t@hat this reppdin feature c orrespondi,ngl number (I lilIq4 of @Ptg. 4, lopk,.- . y " P 'g, 1@ bullt@ i-o at Y4@ry !it-tjjq Rddqd eq@@t, whp@Q45 witb ing in opposite direptio4g; Qther -boa of (t.4 gf thp yprtically Adii;@5tal4le ,pr dqqtgp@s i haq alwpys Fig. 9 is 4 fge,,e der.5 bp.n neqea!iary to prqvicle 4'4pepial rpcqdiip X @ o e -g,@ gt45 base bloc f r tliq d@Q,5 qi4 ttii@;rRm;l ta.climeilt, co@ti in the! 4piglabgr4PQ4 (?,L Fig. 10 is a s@ecti n 1 0 @. 41 det-jai o th 1 ne I O@f 0 @pg $10,00.00.. More-ovpr, witli rAy impro pci MetliQd of Mg. 5, looking at the, repr end of the l@,g @..v ,- 11 I @ I I @@ @ , of upsetting square-shanked rivets aiad bolts in pins in the 180' shiftable die liqi@cl; two steps, I obtain a much higher grade product, ng. 11 is a section on the line I I I i o F-i because I have found that there is bettler con50 5 and 12, showing the novel sbifti4g nippt!4,ni iA tinuity of grain between the head and the upset for @ the reversible die head; square shank and between the u s .pset shank and Fig. 12 i a horizontal section on the line (2 1 9 the plain shanlc, thatl has bden obtained with of Mgt lll Qtllqr methods known to what ek- Pig. 13 is a s@etion similar to a portion of. Flg.' it bei g well tent the heads on rivets produced on certain 55 11, iaken on the line 13-13 of Fig. 12, showing
[2]2,664,579 the other set of balls in elevation that appear in dotted lines in Mg. 11; Mgs. 14, 15, and 16 show the three stages in the production of a completed rivet or bolt, the blank being shown in Fig. 14, the same blank partially upset being shown in Fig. 15, and the finished product in Mg. 16; Figs. 17 to 20 are more or less diagrammatic views showing the operation of the dies throughout two complete cycles of the machine; 10 Fig. 21 is a hydraulic circuit diagram, and Fig. 22 is a view of the control panel for the machine. T'he same reference numerals are applied to corresponding parts throughout the views. 15 Referring first briefly to Figs. 14 to 20, the reference numeral 23 designates a blank cut by the cut-ofe knife 24 from the wire stock 25 fe,-t through the hole 26 in the cut-off die 27, after the stock has been fed far enough to engage @h,@ 20 stop 28, to insure the correct length of blank. See Figs. 18 and 19. Fig. 18 shows the cut-off kriife 24 in the cut-off position. Fig. 19, in full lines, shows the cut-off knife 24 advanced from the cut-off position, that is indicated in dotted lines, to the inserting position. Fig. 20 shows the dies closed in the first upsetting operation, the cut-off knife 24 having been previously retracted to the cut-off positibn adjacent the off die 27, as it appears in this view. In the firs,t 90 upsetting operation, a conical or pear-shaped head is formed on the end of the blank, as illustrated at 29 in Fig. 15 on the intermediate fol,---i of blank 23a, the blank 23 being entered in hoic 30 in die 31 in this operation backed up by a Pl"I :15 32 in the manner shown in Figs. 17 and 20, while the outer end is received in a pilot recess 3a' in the coriing punch 34, which move,%, as will soon appear, with the ram 35 (Fig. 4) toward and away from the die head 36 that carries the d-.- e 40 3 i and another identical die 3 I' ' n spaced paralle' relation and is shiftable on its longitudinal.axis through 180' so that the die 31 cooperates punch 34 in one cycle, and the die 3 I' cooperates with punch 34 in the next cycle, The ram cai,- 4.-) ries a fa-lishing punch $T 'm spaced parallel relation to the punch 34 to cooperate with whicheve,, of the two dies 31 arld 3 I' is aligned therewitli to perform tl,.e final upsetting operation producing the conventional flat bottomed rounded head o 38 with a sq-dare, or other shaped, shank portion 39 under it, depending uporl the shape of the recesses 40 in the outer ends of the holes 30 in dies 31 and 31'. See the finally formed blank 23b illustrated in Fig. 16. The reversal of the dies r) 31 and 3 11 in relation to the punches 3 4 and 3 7 is clearly illustrated by comparison of Figs. 18 and 19, Fig. 18 showing the ejection of a compieted rivet or bolt 23b from die 3 1', and Fig. 19 showing the dies reversed so thot die 3 I' is aligned with C-( punch 34, ready to receive a blank 23 for its ini-tial upsetting operation, the previously initially upset blank 23a in die 31 being at the same time aligned with punch 37 for its final upsetting operation. The conclusion of these two upsetting tl5 operations is shown in Fig. 20. The cut-off knife 24 has the usual spring clip 41. thereon, which serves to grip the blank releasably by its end portion and transfer it, as shown in Fig. 19, from the cut-off die 27 to whichever of the dies 31 and 3 I' 70 is nearest the die 27 in a given cycle. The bellshaped recess 42 in punch 34 gives ample clearance for the end portion of the blank, so that .there is nothirig to interfere with the bulging-out 4 head 29 on the intermediate forrn of blank 23a,, shown in Fig. 15, as illustrated in Figs. 17 and 20, the bulging-out at 29 occurring mainly in the recess 40 of whichever of the dies 31 and 3 I' is aligned with punch 34. The punch 37, on the other hand, bas a spheroidalsbaped recess 43, which cooperates with whichever recess 40 'IS aligned therewith to form the head 38 and shank @39 in the upsetting of the intermediate form of head 29, and special attention is called to the fact that in this final upsetting operation, the blank is al,lowed to recede, pin 32 being free to back up inohichever die 31 and 3 I' is aligned with punch 37 for the final upsetting operation. In that way I insure a sharply defmed head 38 and shank 39, and, incidenta-Ily, also I believe that because the metal is allowed to flow from the recess 40 int) the hole 30 @i'n this final upsetting operation, a better continuity of grain between the shank and head of the final rivet or bolt produced is obtained, which accounts for the fact that there is far less tendericy for the heads to fracture off when the bolt or rivet is later used. The extent to which the blank recedes in the final upsettin.operation is clearly illustrated in Figs. 17 and 2-@. It is also important to note that with each reciprocation of the punches 34 and 37 a finished bolt or rivet 23b is producedin other words, one pei, revolution of the flywheel 44 and crankshaft 45, as compared with one for every two revolutions heretofore, which means one hundred per ceiit (100%) step-up in production. The cralikshaft 45 is connected with the ram 35 by means of a connecting rod 46, and the ram 35 operates in suitable guides 47 provided therefor in the frame 48. As previously mentioned,,the ram 35 is only working part of the present header. that is not operated hydraulically, the reason being ihat Positiveness of moiement or stroke length is essential in upsetting, because of differences in hardness of different batches of wire stock 25 used. However, a friction drive mechanisrii .3 provided at 49 (Fig. 2) between the flywheel 44 and crankshaft 45, which, in the event of a severe - curring in the machine, will allow slippa6,e, jam oc thereby supplementing the safety features provided in this machine by virtue of the hydraulic circuits as mentioned above and as hereinglfter describe'd. Referring noxt to Mg. 21, and incidentally to the other Figures I to l@ for identificati(n of the various parts I as assembled parts of the machine, it is believed that the construction and mode of operation of the machine can be best nderstood by reference mainly to the hydraulic diagram, Fig. 21. A coil of wire stock 25 is placed on a rack at one end bf the machine, and the end of the wire is started thkough the wire feeding rolls 50 and 5 1. Then the button 52 on the control Panel, indicated diagranimatically at 53 i-n "-,'ig. 22, is pressed, starting the electric rnotor 54 wh"@Ch drives the -double pump 55, so as to force oil through the different valves actuated by pilot valves to cause certain cylinder actions to ijerform the various operations named for cutting off, transferring, and ejecting blanks. Then button 59 is pressed, to start the machine drive motor (not shown), which has a variable speed belt and Pulley connection with the flynxiheel 44, so as to transmit drive to the crankshaft 45 through the friction drive mechanisrn 49. Next the button 56 is pressed, to start the inotor 57 for the lubricating pump 58 (Fqgs. 3 and 4). The other two buttons 59 and 60 on the Control panel of, the metal to form the conical or pe@r-shaped 75 53 are used in stopping th@ mpchine, the button
[3]St being pressed to, stop the motor 54I after which button 60 is pressed to stop the @@chine drive motor driving flywheel 44, and, finally, button 56 is pressed to, stop the motor 57 driving the lubricating pump 58. The pump. 55 has its 5 auction pipe 61 communicating with a suitable .Sump, indicated diagramm, atically at 62, through a strairier 63. Assuming buttons 52, 54, and 5S have been pressed, in. the order named, to start :the, various motors mentioned, so that pui-np 55 10 is operati-rig to supply oil under pree@sure, and @@the rjaachine is driven by the flywheel 44, a,@id lubricated by the pump 5$, the following sequence ,occurs, (i) The ram 35 carries:dogs 64 to 68, - which 15 are arranged to engage and turn segments 69 to act.uate pilot; valves 70, 7 1, and 7 2, aad, ila turn, operate main control valves 73, 7 4, and 7 Si, which leoiLtrW the delivery of t'he o,il, or other fluid, urider pressure from pu,.Inp 55 to the cylinders 20 .76, 77, and 78, respectively. The ram 35, it mu,st be understood, ha.5 traveled to its forw.Ird limit .and is now starting back, for the commencement of another cycle, a com ete cycle being 360', or Pi ,one complete revolution of the flywheel 44. All 2,5 ,operations referred to hereinafter will be expressed in terms of degrees of annular travel of the flywheel. (2,) At the 151 position of the fiywheel, turn:ing in aclocl@,a7ise direction, dog 65 operates,30 pilot valve 7 0, and thereby energizes mrin control .valve 73 with which it is connected by the lines, ,indicated at 79, whereby to operate the piston 80 Worldng in cylinder 76, the valve 73 being connected, as at 8 1, with the cylinder 7 6. Piston 35 in its forward movement oscillates the rocker arm 8.2, so as to move the slide 83 and, accordingly, move pin or plunger 8.4 forwardly. and thereby riaove the related pin 32 fo"vardly also to eject the previously completed blank 23b, as in 4, ,) Fig. 18. In this sariie operation a bell-crank lever 85 is oscillated with the rocker arm 82 by virtue of the link connection 86 to advance .the feed rolls 50 and 51 through the pawl and ratchet mechanism, indicated at 87, where@by to feed wire 25 forwardly to the cut-o,,T position, 13 as i@n Fig. 18, abutting the adjustable stop 28. The latter has a rack 88 attaclaed, thereto, which ineshes with a pinion 89, that caii be turned by harld by liaeans of the knob 90 and locked in adjusted position by the tightening of the hand 50 .nut 9 1, as is, believed. to be clear in ngs. 1, 51 and 8@ Dog 65 is pivoted on ram 35 and urged upwardly to operative position under light spring pressure,, so as to be operative only in the rearwa rd movement of the ram, the dog being de- r)5 flected by the star wheel on valve 70 in the return mavement of the ram so as to pass idly under it in. that direction. If necessary, the star wh.eel on .thi,g valve may be provided with a ratchet wheel and pawl to prevent any reverse rotation. 6o (,3) As the ram 35 moves farther, to a, 60' .Position of the flywheel 44, the ne@-t dog 64 .operates. pilot valve 70, to reverse the operation of main control valve 73 and retarn the piston 80 iii cylinder 76 to a rettacted position. At 6.5 ,the same 60' position of the flywheel 44, dog 66 ,operates piiot valve 7 1, causing main colitrol valve 74 to be@. operated by virtue of the pipe connections 92 provided between these two valves, whereupon fluid under pressure is de- '10 livered from valve 74 to cylinder 77 by virtue of the pipe connections 93 between the valve 74 and -cylinder 77, vihereby to operate the piston 94 in said cylinder and, accordingly shift the die he-ad 36 throug4 180' by means oi plungers 95 and 75 96 and columns of bearing balls 07 and 98, AA hereinafter more fully described, the plungers reciprocating with the frame 99 relative to guides I 00 and having the end of an oscillating arm IC 1 extending therein for actuation of the frame. The arm 101 is connected by a link 102 with another oscillating arm 103, thpt is pivotally connected with the piston 94 for oscillation back and forth in the reciprocation of the piston. When the die head 36 shifts throligh 1801, it brings the hole 30, from which the finished rivet or bolt 23b was previously ejected, into position to receive the blank 23, as shown in Fig. 19, at the same time moving the previously initially upset blank 23a into position for its final upsetting operation, in which the blafik recedes, as clearly appears in @Pig. 20, where a carriage bolt requiring a square portion 39 on the shank under the head 38 is being produced. In the shifting of the die head 36 through 180,1, the two plungers 84 revolve with it relative to a bracket 104 (see Mgs. 3, 4, alid 5) that is fixed to 'Lhe frame 48 and has a ri,-ht angle outer end portion disposed behind the end of one of the plungers 84, an adjustable back-up screw 105 being provided in this end portion adjustable toward the end of the plunger to provide a positive abutment therefor, and, accordingly, prevent receding of the pin 32, in the initial upsetting operation performed by coning punch 34. A lock nut 106 on screw 105 is tightened to fasten it securely in adjusted position. The pins or plungers 84, which are of enlprged diameter in relation to the diaineter of the screw 105, may be flat on their outer ends but are shown rounded to s-,mispherical form, as indicated at 107 in iigs. 5 and 6. The plungers 84 are brought alternately into coaxial alignment with screw iOS by the back and forth oscillation of the die head, and eacla is moved forward in the knock-out operation and remains. so until brought into aligninent with the coning punch 34 and backup screw IO 5, at which time the insertion of a new blank into the die 31 or 311 causes pin 32 to be pushed back and it pushes plunger 04 with it into abutment with screw 105. Close accuraey in the registration of the dies 3 i and 3 11 with the punches 3 4 and 3 7 is, of course, highly iii-iportant, -ond it will soon appear that the plun.-er ball mechanism for shifting the die head 36 through 180', once for each cycle, insures @uzh close aecuracy. The punches 34 and 37,@ in order to insure accurate positioning thereof are adjusta ble uP and down on a base block 108 slidable in guides 109, a screw II 0 being supported in a bracket I I I against endwise movement an(i threaded in a hole in the block 108. Screws 112 in the block lock it securely in the frame in ad." justed position. Punches 34 and 37, which are clalilped in recesses in the rotatably adjustable block 113 with the customary gib blocks, as indicated in dotted lines in -ng. 81 are adjusted rotatably with the block 113 into exact regisier with the dies 31 and 31', whereupon the bolts 1 (@4 are tightened to lock the same in adjusted position. Dogs 64 and 66 are Pivoted and spring Pressed toward operative position in the same way, as dog 65, for the same reasoiis, and the star wheels of valves 70 and 71 may be equipped with one-way ratchet wlieels for a similar reason as valve 70. (4) The ram 35 continues its backward movement, and at the 1601 Position of the flywheel 44, the dog 67 operates pilot valve 72, whereby to actuate control valve 75,,with which.th e pilot valve has pipe connections, as indicated I at I'l 5,
[4]7 -the Valve 75, in turn, delivering oil linder pr6ssure to cylinder 78 with which it is connected, as Indicated at I I 6, to operate the piston I I I working in said cylinder and cause the cut-off knife 24 to be operated to cut off the blank 23 5 and transfer it to alignment with the empty hole 30 in whichever one of the dies 31 and 3 I' is positioned to receive it, as shown in Mg. 19. The ram 35 now moves forward, and pun-@h 34 ,pushes the blank 23 into the hole 30, and as 10 the dies come together, as shown in Figs. 17 and 20, the initial upsetting operation is performed on this newly inserted blank, and, at the same time, the final upsetting operation is performed on the other previously upset blank by punch 37. 15 Where carriage bolts are being produced, the square shank 39 is formed as the blank recedes into the die 31 or 3 1 " as the case may be, the bulged portion 29 furnishing the bulk of the metal necessary for the square shank portion 39 P-o .under the head 38. Here again, it is clear that dog 67 is pivoted for one way operation like dogs 64-66 for similar reasons, and valve 72 may have a one-way ratchet wheel for its star vtheel for the same reason as valves 7 0 and 7 1. 9-5 (5) At the 300' position of the flywheel 44, with the ram 35 m6ving forward, dog 66, which as stated before, is of a pivoted, one-way type, normally urged vpwardly under light spring .action to operative position, is deflected by the star wheel on valve 71 and passes idly under it, so as to leave said valve undisturbed until the 60' position in the next cycle, when said dog again operates valve 71 to cause reverse operation of the control valve 74 for reverse - movement of the piston 94 in cylinder 77, whereby to shift -the die head 36 back through 180, to the initial position. In other words, the die head 36 is shifted only once per cycle and is in one position in alternate cycles and in the reverse POSI4 tion in the intermediate cycles. (6) At the 3151 position of the flywheel 44, namely, during the last 45' movement of the flywheel, with the ram 35 moving forward, dog 68, which is also pivoted and spring pressed to opera115 tive position but works in the bpposite direction operates pilot valve 72 in the reverse direction for -reverse operation of valve 75 and consequent re.verse movement of piston II 7 in cylinder 7 8 to return the cut-off knife 24 to its starting position to 50 end the cycle. The reason this operation is delayed tb this extent is to insure insertion of the blank far enough in the die hole 30 so that the .gripping clip 41 in disengaging will not be apt to @cause the blank to get cocked. The cut-off knife 55 24 is disposed at the far end of the blank remote from the upsetting die 34, so that the instant the blank is pushed part way into the hole 30 by the die 34 the cut-off knife 24 can be and is retracted, the upsetting die 34 thereafter finishing the 'mser60 tion of the blank and ' finally, upsetting the projecting end tbereof as the dies close. It is common practice to provide for a variation in the timing of Withdrawal of the cut-off knife in relation to @.die movement in headers in relation to the length g5 of the rivets being produced. Thus, shorter rivets @will necessitate much closer timing. The dog 68 is also a. one-way, pivoted, spring-pressed type like the other dogs but is arranged to work in the 70 reverse direction. In other words, this dog passes idly under the star wheel of valve 72 in the rearward movement of ram 35 but functions to operate said valve in the return movement of the ram. Here again, it is clear that valve 72 may have a 75 2$664,579 one-way ratchet wheel in connection with its star wheel to prevent reverse rotation thereof. Each of the valves 73, 7,4, and 75 contains a spring loaded relief valve I I 8, and each has a fluid return pipe 119 extending from the relief valve communicating with a common return pipe 120 that extends to the sump 62, and, in the operation of any one of the cylinders 7 6, 7 7, and 7 8, the piston is moved by the first input of oil, but the pump 55 cont'mues to deliver oil in excess of what is needed and the excess oil is bypassed through the relief valve 118 to the sump 62. The same thing occurs in the event there is a jam preventing normal movement of any one of the three pistons, the same relief valve I I 8 associated with the obstructed or immovable piston allowing immediate bypassing of oil to the sump, so as to prevent expensive breakages and consequent long interruptions of service of the machine. Assuming, for example, that the knock-out pin 84 cannot be moved with the normal pressure exerted by piston 80, the relief valve I IS in control valve 73 opens and there is no damage to the machine by the breakage of a part or parts of the knockout mechanism. In like manner, if the die head 36 is obstructed and fails to turn, the relief valve 118 in control valve 74 opens and there is no breakage of any part of the die head shifting meebanism. Also, if the cut-off knife 24 encounters any obstruction, the relief valve I i 8 in control valve 75 opens and no damage occurs. However, bearing in mind the fact that the flywheel 44 is turning rather fast and cannot be stopped instantaneously, I may provide in the right hand pipe of pipe conp-ections 81 ' 93, and 116 leading to cylinders 76, 77, and 73, respectively, relief valves in lieu of the relief valves I I 8, and have all of these relief valves interconnected electrically with solenoid valves in the same pipes, whereby to close all of the solenoid valves whenever any one of the three relief valves opens, so that even though the I machine keeps running for even a few minutes, or longer, the feeding of wire stock 25 into the machine is discontinued, the knock-out mechanism does not function, nor is the die head 36 shifted, nor the cut-off knife operated, so that nothing can be damaged and it is merely up to the operator to shut off the machine and correct the difficulty that has caused the automatic cessation of normal functioning of the machine. If desired, the switches controlling all of the electric motors for the machine can be included in the automatic shut-down operation. Another, but not as practical arrangement is to provide relief valves in the same pipes mentioned, each operating a switch to break the circuit for the machine drive motor alone, or the circuits for all of the electric motors in the machine simultaneously, all of these switches being connected in series in the circuit for the electric motor, or motors, so that build-up in pressure in any one of the cylinders 76, 77, and 78 causes stoppage of the machine. If a power operated brake is provided, arranged to be automatically applied wh6n either of the relief valves opens to break the circuit for the main drive motor, that system would prevent serious damage tO the machine. In this connection, attention is called to the brake means shown at 150 in Figs. 2 and 4, ,vhich is operable by inanual depression of the foot pedal IS 1, to assist in stopping the machi-ne more or less abruptly, to facilitate set-up w6rk. This brake means I 50 could also be used as a part of the power brake, or a separate power brake can be provided,
[5]The pump 55 doivers @dil under a ptedeter-' niined pressur-e through s, spring load@A ebeek valve i2i to the valve 73 and through pipe 122 leading frorn valve 1,21 to valves 74 and 75. When &ither ' o.ne bf the relief valves I IS opens, oil is immediat6ly bypassed to th6 sump 62,,but @tlso directly back to the @uinp 55 through the @pipe connect@;oj.i 12S for recirculation. A pipe 124 delivers oil from the pump 55 to each of the pilot valve's 70, 7:1 and 72, as indicated by the branches 125. When these valves are in neutral positions the incoming oil is returned thrbugh pipe 126 to the sump, but when either of these valves is shifted by the cooperating dogs 64-68, oil is dlelivered under pressure to the associated control vall@e.73,74,or75. Thus,whenvalve7Oisturned in one direction, oil is delivered therefrom thr6udh one of the pipes 79 to shift the valve piston in the body of the valve 73 to move the same in the appropriate directio'n for apprdpriate niovement 6f piston 80, and vice versa ivhen valve 70 is shifted in the opposite direction. In -like inanner, when valve 7 i is shifted in one direction, oil under pressure flows through one of the plipes 92 to @move the valve pis@on in the body of valve 74 in 6ne direction for appropriate operation of piston 94, and vice versa when valve 71 is shifted in the Dpposite direction. Likewise when valve 72 is shifted in one direction, oil'under pressure is delivered thr6ugh one of the pipes I IS to cause movement in one direction of the valve piston in the body of valve 75, to cous-- appropriate movement of piston 117, and vice versa when valve 72 is shifted in the opposite direction. In passing, I should state that while I have shown pilot valves 70-72 designed for direct hydraulic operation of the control valves 73-75, it should be understood that I may use electrieg.1 controls @@nstead and substitute solenoid operated val-Ves for valves 73-75. Thus, when, for example, dog operation of a switch unit at 70 occurs the electrical solenoid for valve 73 is energized and causes operation of said valve. Valves like or closely similar to those illustrated at 70, 71, 72, 73, 74 and 75 are so common in hydraulic control systems for various purposes that it was not considered to be necessary to illustrate all of the details thereof. In conclusion, attention is called again to Figs. 11-13 and related Figs. 5 and 6, for a better understa,nding of the important feature of the b-all operation of the oscillatably shiftable diehead 36. It was mentioned before that the shiftin_g of the die head on the frame instead of on the ra,m enables running at higher speeds without too much vibration. The die-head 36 is supported on a spindle 136 that is supported in radial and end thrust be,,3,rings 137 in the frame and has the knock-out plungers 84 slidable in parallel bores i38 provided therein. Oscillatory movement through 180' is transmitted to the head 36 tbroi.igh the plungers 84 by a drum 139, which has parallel bearings 140 mounted thereon, in which the reduced outer end portions of the @plungers 84 are slidably mounted. TIle drum 139 has two spaced raceways i4i of semi-circular shg,pe in cross-section which register with simila,r racewa,ys 142 provided in the bearing 143 tha'Ll is mounted on frame 48 in which drum 139 is rotatably received. The raceway 142 in which ball,g 97 operate extends through a little more th?.n 180' as @hown in Fig. 11, and the raceway I @ll 2 in wtiieh the other set of balls 9 0 operate extends through a little more than 180' on the diame'L.rically opposite side of the bearing 143, as 2,664,679 shown in Fig. 13. There are radially proj@cting lugs 144 on the drum 13S in diametrically opposed relation, extending into raceways 142 and serving both as abutments for the balls 97 and 98 and as abutments for engagement with stop screws 145 adjustably mounted in the bearing 143 at the upper ends of the raceways 142, the two sets @of balls 97 and 98 being both mov@able into said raceways at their lower ends from the tan10 gontia.Ily extending bores 106 in vllhich the plvngers 95 and 96 operate and moving in a clockarise or counterclockwise direction depending upon ix7h,@ther the frame 99 carrying the plungers 95 i),nd Sri is moved in one directi6n or the other. 15 The frpyne Vj is positively reciprocated by the hydratilically operated piston 94, but is held resiliently in eitlaer limit position by virtue of the fa6t tlat the oscillatable arm 101, which transniits@ , movement from tl,.e piston 94 to frame 99, 20 engages 'opposed plunge-, s 147 slidable in bores in the frpme and held by coiled compression @springs 148 in tight engagement with the opoosite sides of the arm IO 1. Thus, the right hand spring 1,4 8 in Fig. 11 is the one active in that case to hold 25 the drum 139 spring pressed against the stop screw 145 at the Iiinit of counterclockwise shifting of the die head 36. Screws 149 thread6d in the bores in the frame 99 can be adjusted to increase or 4decrease the spring pressure and held 30 in adjusted position by the lock nuts shown. Screws 145 are accurately adjusted to align dies 31 and 31' with punches 34 and 37 at both extremes of 180' movement of the die head 36 with drum 139, and lock nuts on these screws are 35 tightened to hold the same in adjusted position. The use of balls 97 and 98 means elimination of all play in the die head shifting mechanism and makes for easy and quiet operation with minimum wear, while permitting general speeding up 40 of the operation of the machine for maximum production. In conclusion, while I have illustrated and fully described my invention as applied to a two-stroke header, it should be obvious that if two wire feed 4;; and cut-off mechanisms were provided, one on each side of the die head 36, instead of the one herein shown at 50-51 and 24, and both punches were of the form of finishing punch 37, a singleblow machine of practical design is obtained in 50 which two rivets or bolts are produced per cycle, using a stationary die head. Also. it is easy to see that the present two-blow machine, producing one bolt or rivet per cycle, can be made to produce any multiple of that number per cycle, if 55 the machine is enlarged and the same multiple of coning punches and the same multiple of finishing punches are provided and the die head is equipped with as many dies on each side of center as there are coning and finishing punches, 60 whereby to operate in the manner of the machine herein disclosed. The blanks for such a machine can be supplied from above or below the coning punches, one wire feed and one cut-off knife being provided per coning plinch, or a sepa65 rate blank cutter can be -provided and the blanks fed to transj'er means serving the various coning Punches so that they insert the blanks in the associated dies in the coning operation, similarly as above outlined in the description of the ma70 chine herein illustrated. It is believed the foregoing description conveys a goodunderstanding of the objects and advantages of my invention. The appended claim has been drawn to cover all legitimate modifications 75 and adaptations.
