[1]Patented Sept. 17, 1929 117289370 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE HENRY SC-@IWARZEL, OF CHILLICOTIT-E, OHIO MUSICAL INSTRUMENT Application filed June 22, 1922. Serial No. 570,166. This invention relates to n-iusical ins@'.riiiiie,,-its, ancl more p,trticlilarly pertains to improvements in those of tl-ie, iiind type, espee;all.i,7 s-Lxoi@)hones. 5 NVhile, for tlie, sake of convenience, the inil)i-ovements o-f this invei-iti.on @ire illiistrated as embocliecl in P, sax0l)lione, it ii,ill be obviolis that the invention fiiids a ivi,,Ie fielcl of titility for other T)urpbses. l'O This iiiventioii is p.-,rticul,,trly ,td@,,,pted to -Lise on a saxophone, oa@ring to tl@e f,,),ct that f,,,-,Ilit,-Ltes and improves the prodiict-on of t certain liotes ivliieli, in the s,,i,:@,ophone as heretofore constriictecl, beeii difficult to as we 15 1)) 11 -,@ ii:itl)erfectly renclere@L, ei,en by the most sl,:Illecl 1)1,,tvers. This cl',Ifficiilty has arisen from the di,,tmeter of the l,ior 'n at the partic-Lilarloe,,ition in the iiistri-iment, and efforts to ren-iecly the defect bv 20 alter@no, the diameter of the'horn htve been Lingliecessf Lil. in the 1)ai,.-ticul.p@,r ,iri-ap-aeiTient of l@-ys, I '- 1', s, -,Lncl the operatinp, iiiechanism therefor. t@i,,@ inventioi-i as b'ere illus'Llrat-,cl aims noteq to improve the production of the knoivn to saxophone I)I-Lvers as "(T" ,iT-icl "CT slt,q,rp" in the n-iicldle register, biit it of coi-irse, be uiiclerstood thtt this i-, ii-iclieitivo of only oiie idaptation of the invent;OD. aiicl 30 l@b.at the improveme-nts ifforcled tberebv mav be re,,@clily ada,pted for the i)rod-Liction ol' other notes in other similaiiiiusic,-.1 instriiments. The principtl objects ,@nd advanti(yes t@ A%-Iiieh cliaracterize tliis in-,,eT-ition reside, in the provision of imi)rovecl, for s;rfii)lifying the manipulai@ion c)f q wilid instrument; the provi@- 1"@)-ii of -111-IP7-loved iiieans for renderidg rnoi@o facile the pi@ocitic40 ti,,)n of certain notef, ,l,,)oii L, 1\,ill-j iii-Lisic@t] il'istrume-Tit; the I)roA-i@@,ion of iii-ipro-ve(l. means for operatin-l- 'E-Ilie A,-alves of a iiii-,d m-Lisical instri-irnent, to the quality of the notes produced tliereby-, ancl inittin- of the i,,enditioi-i of I piece of IIILlslc on a -wincl musical instrument Nvith better restilts ,ind i-vith -reater facilit.-@, such meaiis embodying a sl'i-.Iple construction e,,tpible ofapplicat;lon to .,, Aviiacl n-lusicil iiisti-iimeiit, 5o slieli as t sixophone, ivitl-iotit mateiial iiioCLificatio-ii of tl-ie striieture thereof. This is ftirther characterized, by the, I)rovisio-Li of iii-ll)rovecl i-i3.eans for control'illl(,@ sin-iiiltiiieo-Lisly tivo octave notes oii 5,li s,@.xoi)lione -wlici-i pl,,tyino- in cei@tain re(Y' - "Is ter s; the p,-Ovlslon of i-iie,4ns for improv@i.n(p tlie reiid'ltic,,-t of the iiotes "G" tnd "G slieti-p -in mjcldl-e i-eo-ister oii a stxophone; the pr ovision of -naeaiiq for iiilprov'no- the ren- 60 diti on of certtin i-iotes on a saxoplioi-ie by iiii pi@oved control oT the octtve val-%,(@s; tl-ie pr ovision of iiieans for improviiig the reiiditi oii o-L' the no'ues "G" iiid "C7 sharp" ill tlio ijaicldle r(,,o@ister of a saxoplione, by iin- 65 pr oi,-ed control of the first aiid --,c@eoiid oct tve val.ves; and the I)rovision of iiieaiis eiii bodyiiig the foreuolng cb-,Lractei,isties wh iel-i iiipy be applied to the stand,,ii,(l tvi)e of saxophone iiiili blit, sli,,-Iit mo(lifiei,tioi@ the @@trticture. thei-eof, aiid at P, low cost. -z@s of 70 Alf -,II ,)ppea-, ,ts tl-iis (lescript-ioii procee(is. no cli,, iii(ye in the fin(-Yerinu of the iiistriiii-io-iit is re qtiired. The fore oin-- ai-id s-Lich otl-ier objects and 75 (Y ad v-,iT-it,,i,-;es as iiiay appear or be pointed out is t' iis description proceeds are qtta'iied in oii( , en-ibodiinent of this inventioi-i illi@istratect i-n the acconipanying di-aAA7ino-, in whiel-i: 50 Fio-tir,c 1 is a fra(yl'Ylenttry sicle elevational ilie AI7 of i saxophone ii.lustr,,Lting the iiiventioi i appll'ed there,'Lo, ti,,d those parts of the iiist--@uiteiit concei,iied Avith this inITention. - Figi-ire 2 is L transverse sectioiial vieiv 85 t,al @,@,ii ol-i Iiiie 2--9 of Fi(yure 1, lookin(, in the d @rection i-iid](@,it(,d by the arroivs. Fi(yLire 3 is a transverse sectiodal view oTi line 3-3 of Fi(yure 1, lookiii@-, In 45 fhe provision of improved iiieans for per- the diree'tioii indicated by the arrows. 00
[2]2 i,728,370 Figu,-e 4 is a frarmentary froiit elevatn tional vie-w. Fi(,ure 5 is a fragmeiita,-3, -Iel7@,@ti0aiil view of a pai-t of tlae horn vi.ewed froiii L cl-"ITr(-,.nt an-le than that sliolvn i.-i Ft(ytires 1- ajjct 4. Figure 6 is a sec'U-;onal vie-w take-ii oii the line 6-6 of Fi(yi-ii-e 5. Referrin- iiaore I)ai@ticu-'Lai-ly to the cli-@tiving, 5 is the horn of the i-nstruiiieiit, stieli lo as ,t saxol)hone, tlic, ul)per portioii only be,-,iicy shown. As is commoii in tlii,,, 'Llype of- @vin,,l insti-uiiient, the horli is @fenei-flly tapcriii(and is cui-ved ,tt 6 foi, ill OPL'I",Ition, said cui-vecl poi-tioii extQnOi-D,, i5 at 7 and receivir,(- I coi-tv.-iitio@-i,,ll mo',l'L'@lpiece, 8, ivhicli eont,,-,iiis the u@tial reed, iio' stlown. The liorii is pi-ovici-@d %Yitli a 1,,)op 9, to ivhich may be cl.tt@,ichcd a E,,trap for stipporting the instriiiiie-,i?'. The rio-ht h,,i,ncl 20 side of the insti-umeyt -iii playi-ilt(" ")Gs"tloi) s shonvn. Thp, improvements 'which will be described presently are illusti-ated @is applied to what is commonly known as a "C" melody 25 saxophone, but these improvements may, of course, be aclapted to instruments tuned to other keys, or, in fact, to other similar instruments. As is customary, the saxophone has two octave keys for playing tl-ie middle 30 and lower reo-isters, these keys opei@ating two va,lves shonvn and designated 10, the middle, @nd 11, the lower. However, tliree re(,isters may be produced, namely, higti, wheii the first octave port 10 is ol,)en, middle when 35 the second octave port 11 is open, a-,id lower when both poi@ts ai-e closed. The horn is also provided with nofe or melody pcrts arranged iii proper relationsliip ap-d controlled by suitable valves and keys, these 40 ports, with the excepti'on of those concerned 'th tha improvements TIff wi hei-e involved bei omitted for the sake of clearness in describing. The notes, the pi-ocltiction of -which is modified and improved by this invention, 45 are "G" and "G sh,,trp," ii-i the middle register and the improvement applies here when these notes -,i-e proclueed in the middle re-ister, this being the most difficult register on which to produce these notes. 50 In former construction of the saxophone, the notes "G" and "G sharp" in the middle register were usually produced with the middle register valve open and the lower re 's91 ter valve closed, aiid as will presentlv ap55 pear, I provide means whereby these @otes are produced with both the octave ports open. The key designated 12 was used for produ(!in(- the notes "G" and "G sharp" ,tnd I retain Chis key and employ it here for this 6o purpose so that I neither add keys to the instrument nor do I change the fingering iii any,wise. As liere shown, the notes "G" and "G sharp," in the middle register are produced by pressure on the key 12 together 65 with certain other actions whicli will presently appear, said key 12 being fixedly n-lounted upon and laterally extending from a floating shaft 13, which shaft is fixedly secured to supportino@ luos 14-14. A main li:ey sllaft 15 extend's' lotn,-itudinally of the 70 horn, and is mounted in a series of supportng brackets or posts 16, 17, 18 and 19, and said n-iain shaft serves to pivot,,tlly support the suppoi-tiiio, lugs 14-14, as seen in Fig. 1. It will be u-nderstood of course that the 75 shaft 15 is merely a pivoting shaft or fulertiin, and that no motions originate in this shaft, that is, the shaft itself serves as a center about ivhich and upon -which the, moviiig parts to be described later are pivotally 80 mounted. It will be understood that the shaft 15 is provided witli a plurality of sleeves, such as 20, and that certain of these sleeA7es carry ke)TS foi- producing v,,trious notes and fo'r per'formino, various functions, 85 only those concerned -with this invention beii-ig described. A poi-t 21 is provided in the horn, and this is ,,clap @ed to be closed by a valve 22 carried by arm 23, said arm being fixedly con- 9( nected to a sleeve 24 on the shaft 15, so that said ,iriii 23 is, in e:ffc-ct, pivoted Lipon the sliaft 15. A flat sprin- 25@ secured to the post 18 ,tnd to stid arm 23 serves to normally iiiaintain this arm raised and the port 21 '.)5 o'pen. This is commoiily Imown as the "B fl,,tt" port, but is used in connection with the prodliction of the notes "G" and "G sharp," as Nvi-11 presently appear. A fin(,er piece 26 is provided for closin- the port 21 when in- 100 dependently depressin- the valve 22 in producing "B flat," as heretofore. The ports for producin- "F" aiid "F sharp" are desi,-nated at 27 and 28, the, valve 28 (lower) being closed for producing "F" 105 -I - -ii, ir@ '@,l e ri;ddlc. d lowe'r re(yisters. This vtlve 28 carries a fin-er piece 28a wliieh overlies 2n valve 27 so that the latter is automatically closed when producting notes such as 44F,l@ "E 1' "D," and "D sharp," or the usual "F 110 sharp" in the middle or lower registers. HoAiever, the upper valve, 27 may be closed independently of the valve 28 as is usual in a saxophone. This is all conventional. The valve 27 is providecl witli a lug 27,1 115 ivhich overlies the curved arm 28 b fixedly c,,trried by and extendliig later@illy from the sleeve 29 so that when valve 2, is closed the sleeve 29 is rotated to the ri-i-it as viewed zn in Figure 1. A sprino,-, iiot shown, attacb.-ed 12@) to post 30',, iio-L@iii,,Llly telids to liold 'I'lie oliter end of the arn-i 28 b a(rainst the under side e-I o-F lu(r 2 It a The v@ilve 27 is, hoivever, held open by independeiit spriny element, not shown, as in the usual saxol)lione. In 12.@) otlier words, in prodLicino- G iiid G sliarl) in the middle reoister the vilve,-@ 2't and 28 ,ii-e open. NovN, there are othei- note ports. etc., oii the saxol)lior@e, such as port ValVe 130
[3]1,728,370 311-, wliieli are e-liployed iii producin- "G" and "G sharp", but as the only oiie ",hich is actually physically connected to the anism of this inve-Tition is the port 21 ind c, its valve 22, tl-ie others liave not been shown for the sake of cleii,ness. It is sufficieiit to state here tl-iat all of the ports -,bove ti-ie upper valve 27 are ellosed in produci@,ig ",O-" @v iii the iiiicl.dle re,-ister ivith the exception of io ports 10 ,ind 11 ivc,-Ich I mailitai-n o-,)eli. Iii the procluctioi). of ",'j sh@-,rp" the sinie conditioii exists w",tli ti,@c, exceptioii that tl-ie first port ,.bove vti.ve 27, n.@iiiely i-s open. 1,Vith the excepti.o-@ll of the opeii;i-,)- oj' both of "G qnd G 15 ports 10 and 11 f, ie pioc -Lic6to,@l sharp" iii the inidclie regist(,,r couresponcls with the usu,,tl siixopliore oper,).tioii. The upper valve 27 i-s closed in mlkin"F" or "F sl-i,,trp" as tisual. 20 It will be obse-rvecl that th(,, vtlve 2' havino- its lu(r 27a overlyiliz aril-i 28b JiMits rotation to the letz@ of o sle,-,ve 29. The latter is fixeclly coniiected to t lu 30 wliieh carries rocl,- slii,f'u 31, 'UTii@ bein(-- also 25 addition,@illy suj-,I)orted pai-@iliel. to and shiftable about'tia-, izen@ si-i-,Lft 15 by provision of lu(ys 32 tnd 33 to"ivbieli. the r(-elK: shaft 31 is flxedly securecl. The lu- 'OP is fixeclly seeiirecl to -t sleeve 34 vottt,,Lble o-a the shaft 30 15, and the lug 33 is sipiil,,,irly fixedly secured to a slilort sleeve 35, ,tlso rotcit,,tble on said sh,,tft 15, beyoicl tli@-- ILicy J,4. The Itio, 32 is provided ivith ,ip- exte-@isio-.i 36, carryino, a laterally I)roje6ting I)in '7 -whieh over35 lies the arm 23, so th-Itt @"Tlien the roelc shaft 31 is oscill,-Li,ed ill the directioi-i of the arronv "A" (Fi(r. 3,) the A,,tive 22 - will be closecl. The shaft 31, hoiitever, is norinallymaintained in the position shown by a flat ,io sprino, (not sl-ioivn) ,ind anotlier spi-in!,x (not sho-w@) maint,,iins the V,,,.Ives 9-7 no@i-iially open, so that CIOSIDO; of i,alve 9-2 does not altec@t positioii of valves 27 and 28. As best shoivn in Fio-t,,re 1, the sliaft 15 zn 45 extends Lipwarcily beyond the br,,iclcet or post 17 and serves to support a rotat,,tble sleeve 38 on whicli is fixedly mounted an arin 39 which carries a valie 40, -which lattei@ serves to close the second or middle octave (lower 50 register) port 11, f,. flat si-)ring 41 secured to the post 16 and to said sleeve 38, servin(r to normally teiid to oi)ei,. s,,,iicl port 11 by said valve 40. A rocli:er ari-ii 42, best seen iii FigLiie 3, is fori-iied o,.i the upper @1) lug 14, and norm,,tlly ass-Limes tlie positioii sh6wn, a wedge 43 which I term a iiiiterin pin, beina pii,oted at 44 to the rocii:ei- arm 42 and s@rving a purpose ",bich i,-@ill i)resentlv al)pear. The sleeve 38 is p,,ovided 60 Witl@ a follow-up ,,.rm 45 h,,ivi -ng ,t lat-.rally dis;posed -Din 46, lyii,,,.j- in back of and in contact with t-he ro(,I@er ai@m 49, so tl-i,,it when the latter -is move,,l in 'L-he CIrection of the arrow "B" (Fig. 3), said follow-tip 65 arm 45, in respoiise to act'-o--,-i of spring 41, will follow said rocker arm and tliereby open the second octave note valve. The lug 33 is disposed between the rocker arm 42 ,tnd follow-up arin 45, tild is pi-ovided with ,in aiigular exteiision 47, !DPO-,70 vided at one end with i I.Iteril piii 48, which latter iloriiitlly underlies 'the iiiodiil rtion of the miter'n(r 1)in 43, for ,t purPo l , pose which -will preseiitly ,tppeLr. The upper octave (or micldle recister) port 10 is closed by a valve 49, carr;.ecl by the upper end of ,t curved ,trrii 50, pivoted at 51 on the curved portion 6 of tl-ie lio.rn, the lower end of said arm 50 hL',I,.Inc, @l ri-ng 52 fixed thereto, whicli i-ing encircles the @so horn just below its curvecl por'Llioii. A rock ing lever 53 lias its Lipper end u--.iderlying !he ring 52 guided by f orl@ 53@, aild stid lever 53 has iT-i extension 54- ivliieh uiide rli-es a curvecl ai-m 55, the latter being 85 fixe dly carried by a shaft 56 rot,,itably mou nted -Lipon an(]. bet\,veen bearincr pos'us 57- 57. The lever 53 is itself fixedly secure d to sleeve 58 i-otatably mou@itecl in bear iii(rs 59-59, ai-id ,, flat -.I)i,ing 60 Por- go mall y teiids to rotate the sleeve to open valv e 49. A lever or lcey 61 is fixedly secure d to the shaf'Ll 5C). As best seen in Fl,-s. I and 3, the sleeve 58 is pi-ovicled -with an arm 62 hgvin- a 1)5 later ally ben'b portion 63 overlying the oliter end of the riiitering pill, but i-ioi@illtlly o-Lit of contact thereaiith. By vii-t-LTe of a sl,)riiig 61a which maintains finger piece 61, shaft 56 and arin 55 in norn-ial position, -,-tid by 100 the provision of aii enlargement 55,1 on the ,irm 55, which overlies a short arili 54, a.,ad fixe dly carried by levers 5'0, said sleeve, the portion 63 and valve 49 are maiiitaine(I in normal closed position acrainst the ten- 05 sion of the weaker spring 60. Depressinokey 61 lifts arms 55, and provided that the porti on 63 is no'@, held in nori-n,,il posi'u-'Ion by wedge 43, permits sprino- 60 to a(-t -Lipoil tn payt 63 to move sal-iie to dotted positioii and ,10 raise valve 49 throtigh sleeve 58, roeldnleve r 53, ring 52, and arm 50. The mitering pin serves to ret-Liri-i the part 63 to norm,,tl position, that is, '@o the full line position sholvil in Fio-ure 3. '@7IOW- 115 ever to do this the arm 47 i-nust enoa,)-o ben e'ath the mitering piii to move it a@ivay from the horn into contact with iiiember 63. The ariii 17 is ac'uu@ited wheilever t'ile port valve 27 is closed by action of exceii- 120 sion 27a on curved arm 28 b, sleeve 29, @ti-m 30, rocker shaft 31. Normally, ho-wev@@-,-, in forming "G" and "G" sharp in the middle reo-ister the mitering pin will no'L-1 prevent movement of the lever 62 to the (-Iottecl 125 posit ion shown iii Fio-ure 3, becaLi@,,,, the valv es 27 and 28 are open durilig reddition of these notes. The clirved ariii 55 further more exteiids to a point overlyill(@- the arni 39 which carries the valve 40. 130
