[1]Pate-nted July 17, 1923. l@462@140 UNITED STATES P I ATEN.T@ OFFICE. HAROLD J. LA WALL AND CHARLES E. WETZEL, OF PHILADELPHIA@ PENNSYLVANIASYST7-B-1 OF BOOKXEEPING. Application filed Jan7Liary 6, 1922. Serial No. 527,311. To (611 qoh,o7??, it ma?/ colacer",@: Be it ITilown that IA'e, I-IAROLDJ. LA WALL ,q,ll(l S E. IVr@TZ],@L, CitiZeqS oL the Uilitecl Sta:Los, residiiig in cotinty of r-l-iilaclelphia State o-E 'en sylvaiii,), ip-vei-.ttecl certain iieav aiid' u8eful ID@ipro@TC'mcnts iii Systeiiis of'Booki@eep1119) of @vliieli 1,@he follo)l'ino- Ij L specificatloii, reforeiiee beiii(,- had tberein to thc"- ae10 conip,,tnyiia(>- clra@vinol,s. t, Our i,.iveii@-ioii i-elatcs to o@ s steiii of booky IKeeping coiiiprisiiig a se.-ies of fornis Nvl-iieh iii,ty be prilited or other@N,isc@, i@eprodticed aiid eiiibodied in boui-id bo,oks ol- loose, leaf 15 bi-nclei@s @ind consti'Lute ,@ eomplete recor(I of t',Ie cliily ti-ansactioi-is, @litli inonthly ti@id yearly siiiiin-iaries, iihei-eby coi-iiparisons ,iia37 be m,.,cle at a o-lai-ice an(,l the stat-Lis 6T the business aseerttiii(,,cl at.al@y tin'le. 20 A I)rlncipal object of olir inventio'n is to p@@- Ol'ieic,, ci s@,,sten-i o-.c bookl@eepip-g particti7 lftr'IAT a@tap'Lled -for us(, b3, ret,,til rierch,,ints or in si@all busin,-,@ses, el-iar,-cterized by sLmplicity -ii, iise and noL r-qtiii-,in@,, t sliill@d. ki@owl25 ecto,o of boolcl@:eepina- Nyhei-eby the services of- a bookIKeelDai- i-,iay be clispensed @-jitli, .hi-is ofiectiiig i desirable economy in the operation expense of- tb.e small iii)er@hant. A -further obj.e-,t o'L o-Lir invention is to @@o provid(-, ,t simple aii,-l coiiil)lete cash s stem y of I)Ookkeei)ii-i,-, eiiibocii,@n@,- i@oi@p--is nenv aiid origill",@ll III tli@ir desi-@,ii subgtai-iti,,ill selfy explaiiatory iii t.,)eii, tise, a@,--d -"7hich may be '@e,pt by the iiiercha-,it o@r -,ii enployee eATen if ,15 tl-iey do not have the I-Knowled-e o-I b6okkeepin(,@, tisually reqtiired in the coiiduct of @ti busidess. A T-urtlier object 6f o-Lir inv(,,ntion is to proA7ide ,t simplified system of booli:li:eel)- 40 in(,, in ivhicli the sliii-@ results I-I'lay be obtai.i-.t@ecl as from the use o'L a set 6f double en'ury books. A T-.iirther object of our inveiitioji is to provide ]'-rl a system of bookl3:eepino@ ,t set of 4,5 iiew aiici or@ginal forms so, arraiiged tli,,tt the d,,lily transactions or the ao-o-re I (rate of the Z-1 z@ zn dail), transactions to an), d@).), of any month, the i-tionthly transactio]3s o@ th-, ao-criegate tr,iiisactioi,is of tRy nui-nber of l'i'lontl_ls, compariso-,i of the,months' busliies@ duriiig a curreiit yc;ar oi- w,@th the c6rrespondineII-iontli oi' a pr(- i,ious year, the i)rofit for the yea.i,, an,,! the st,,ttement oi assets ,t-.id liabili@t,l'c,s f6r the fiscal year ip-ay ea6l@ be ftsI certained at sin(,I- @lance a:nd without requjy,jng the turniiig o-12 pages or referring to RUIrer0lls books. l@L @f--Lirther object of otir invention is to proi,ide a s@ste,-i-.-i of b6olKkeep:ing whereby th,, porati0ii O-E ii-icoi-rie taxo'r ol,-I-.er gov- 60 !Dr. tax ret-Lirns may be I accon I iplished ivi-tli t niiniiiium of evj'ort and -"71th accuta-Y. A further object of our ii.l-vention is io pi-oN7ide @) system of bool@keepi in which In the 1;-ee]3ing of the "eash bool@@' aiid the 65 led-er 6f th d e ouble entry system of boold@eepi-i-ic, is elim; .nated. I A Tui-th(@i@ object of 6ur ii,,ventioii is to proA7ide. ,t systeiii of bookl--eeping iii -whic'ii by slitiply referrii-io@ to a singl6 page or t"To 70 1)@)."es the proprietot or iiianp-ger of the b@isiiiess iri:iy instaii-tl@T aseei-tain all the c ne ficts o@.icernino, 'he btisi ss tl-i@t ar e essentl,,il to.a, dettiled anal37sis at aii@ ti.r@ie. 'Othe,, useflil and advai-itageoiis objects of 75 otir invention a]:)petr herei--(iafter. I ii 'L-Ihe clrll I winys Fi(,-. I is a representatioii of, a 11 Daily cash I)ala,nce slip " utilized in @ our systeii,.; Fig. 2 is a repres6ntation o-l@ the " Invoice recor@l Fi(,. 3 is a representatioii 80 of th-- "Daily record" which rnay be embodieci on, a siiigle pago or, for the purposes of convei-iience, on tii,o facing plges by folding oi- otherivise; Fig. 4 is a re presei-it,,,ti0il of the " iNIonthly record " -Nvhich may glso be 85", en-ibodleo, either op- a single pa(,@e or on two f a' eino- pao-es - Fi(y. 5 is the "Yearly sumtD n-iary " -\Vhich like-kN-,Ise n-tay be einbo@lied on a '.i, sl,.,-Ie pa(ye or t-wo facing papes. Preferably each of these. five forms -which are uti- go lized in our s.),Stem of bool@keepilig ara separately bo7Lind @either iii booli@s or loose le,,tf binders or they m,,y be placecl in suitable files. drawing the 95 Referring to Fig. I of the "Daily cash balance slip," this forni is used as I an original record of sales and in balaiiciiio- the cash re@@ister or draivers at the end-of '.lie day. It copiprises a pltii,ality of vertical colurins at the toll), of loo ivhicl-i 'the letters A, B, etc. each colbeinu for a divisioii or deparl,@ment of the blisiness, ior examole, the business of a 1!et,,til d,--ug store might be divided into Depart.-nei-it A, pilescrio,tionsDe-p,,trtineiit 105 -T', (-eneral @nierchandise- Department C, s6@da. @'ouiitain;,Department D, cilrars- Department E, confeetionery, ancl DepLY'Lmolit F, statioyiery; it will be understood tl-itt the aumber of de artmeiits may be 110 p
[2]1,462,140 arbitrarily determinecl for tny particular busiiiess or tl-.e diiisioii of the b-Lisiress into departmeiits e-,iti-rel3, clispersecl ia@,lth if oiily the total s,,tles is clesired. Plorizontal Iiiies r, intersectliig 'Lhe said -,7ertical iiiies foriii appropriat l@-i'eh the trai-isactions e spaces III IV n e c,.iitct@ed, e differeiit traiisictioiis beiiig appropri:itely eiititlecl in the spaces at the left h,,).nd sid(- 10 of the slip ivith i-eference let'Lers sLib,-tanti,,llly the same as those illtistratecl, s-Lich as, c@,s't -),,it for pett@l, expen,3e-11" etc., the ite.-ns or titles j,epreQeiltii-ii the steps iiecessary to balance - - 9 15 the cash register or cash drawers at the endi of the cl,,ty. The spaces -,!so provide for entr usiness recorcl .)7 of dat,,t i,-ital to t b sucli as "cash sqles," " charl(,e sales," "cash received oii accouiit of cli@irge sales " and other 211 iiiii)ortant dati Lnd iifor-iii-,tioii siibstantially as ill-LLstrated. This " DailA, c,,ish balaiiee slip " eoiis,L,It@I'Les ', I-ecor(.1 o-IL@ orio-iiial entry, cer@,,@irt o-L' the items beiiig trinsferred therefrom to the " Dtlly record " as hc-,relii2f@ after desci-ibed. 1FZ6ferring to @7@io-. o-L' tli-. di,,,t-",-lno- a represeiit,ttion of ti-ie liavoi-ce recorct) is tliereiii ii-itide A-vhich provides meaiis of- making a coiiildlete record of all invoices iiicliid2@l ing "Date t6 pay for discouiit...... Name of firm issuing ii-i-@-oice "Date of 'IIIToice 1) 1 Gross amoiii-it Dedtictio-@qs." " Net amotint paid...... Check No." @'Da-ile paid " siibstli-itially as i-II-Listrcite0i. The 7, Iiii,oice record " coii-iprises , pltlrtlity of ver't,ical columns intersected by a pILirality of horizontal lines t'@i-ereby formin@, sl)ftces for tl-ie prol)er eiitries to be made ot.the items as -",ill be el,-ar f,,,oii the dra'"Illlo,. 40 By scaniiiii uhe firsti collliiin. "Date to pay 9 !or cliscount," each Clft3T ' caii@ be retd@ly it seen -whiell bills shoi-ild be i)-,id in order to earn the extra profit in 'uhe j-.orn-i of clisco,,int. At tl-ie ei-id o'L the fiscal year -,@@,heii the 4,5 " Ye,,trly summary " i-s corDl)lc-ted, the cc Invoice record" - will sli.-, ", all u-,ipai-,l invoices NN,hich ei-iables the iiet profi'b to @e i-e.adily aseertaiiied. Tt-ie forr@i ei-ititled " Dail record'@ reprey 50 sented in Fig. 3 co,.isists of a pitirality of vertical columi-is - ftppropri,,.ttely lieadeet slibstaiitially the s,,tme as sliLO@Vll' " 1 Not cash sales 442 Net chirae siles (Iiiie k)" (,.nd '@3 Total s,,-Li@es -.II,, 11)," the 55 terms "liiie /'b" "Iiiie 7e') ancl "liiie I" iiidicatincr tl-ilt the rmounts ei-itered opl)osite lines h, 7c ,tr,,d 7, on the " D,,tily cash bal,,)nce s.'!il:)",,qre to be eiii,erecl in tiic-- "Da'!.-@ in the appropriate spaces. 'Lh(-,se vertical 6( coltimns 1, 2 and 3 of the " Diil), r,-cord " q,re iiitersect-ed b-v horizoiitql li.-ies whiel-i forii,, ruled sl)aces ol3pos,"te ti-@,e clesio-notions A, B, C, D, E and F, being the desigiiatioi-, of the clii'Teren-'t, dep-irt-men('s is found on 6,5 the " Daily cash balance slip " and as hereinabove described. A heading or titl,-, "Other cash rece-'@p"s" j@,@ [,,c,,neatli whiel-i, ii-i the sp--ces provicled, be eiitered all cash receii,-ed during the dty from other sources tha-,i those provicled for by the 0 iteins alretd- appearin," oi,, r th,,s fo --Ln, foii a e isee@-.,t-ciet)us Su(.,],. Is iiiexar, pi , ril' terest ol-i bank balances, dividencls, r--nts. inA-estments, whicli m,,Iy b-. entered in the spaces provicled! -v,-itl@ a short dc,,scriptioii so 7,5 that the itei-tis niay be iclep-tifie,-! latei- if neeessar the total of the item eiitere on Iiiie cl "HI' under the liead-Lii,,@- "OLl-@ei' cash recelpts,'.' beiiithe amotint i-eceived on L'Ccolint oT charge sales, is the to-Ltl of all the 0 amounts entered oii line (e) ()f the " Daily I 1 c,,ish bal,,tnce sl'p." Space 's also prov-'clecl, as -will be seeii on @Lliie dr,,tAviiig, for recorctiiig. the number o-- @ c-Listoiilers for eacii day aiid the average sale to each Nyhiell is as- 85 cerlu-aiiied by cliviclil-ig tlae total oi-' colutiiii 3 line G- by the ii-Limbci, gi-' cilstomers ,,,Iicl illicler -Remqrks " i.,,iay be elitei;ed a rece.,-Cl ol': the -Nveather for thp- da), i-s useful in a-rialyzin,@,, the f-!(Yures to e-@:pl-.-in tile I)o @[ay Of loVIT I'eCe'l@tS) or anythii-ig else of i-[lii[s,,Ltal cliaracter ti-iat affected the s,,i,les. @CGIi@imils 5-19 oii the i-lc,,ht liand ,,Id,-- o@'[' tlie, '---Daily i,ccord" have i ')proi)i-iztte lica,,Iin,,-s tl,.e @3amo ".Is com- 95 t@ I)--ri i' , @ I I 11 d accei)ted classifici, s-,i, t an tion oj' a,,-,coiti-its loi@ retail bl@isiriesE., stich is "j@ldse.@', "Taxes", "I-leat", etc., t'iicLippc, r h al f o f IL-,he c ol,,t ni-iis sh o-v,,-In o- " -f)'l r'l 11 u'io@,l of pett,3, (@ash ex))enditures foi- the loo d,@i,@," cl @-he loaveih,.tif o-' @fh(@ coi,,)miis slioaiing "D's'ributi.oii of ',Ssueci !-.@oiI ' tlle cllv". K-@iiitftlDle spacc pro-,Ticl,e,-'t iiiadetthe, 1-ieacli-Tio.- "De,-cri,l.)tloii" in -",Iiicli ],)e entered ill- detg,;,,- atcli exi)eii-diture b cosh 105 y or checl,, t-i e, the tot-@', am @l oliiit o-i- t',Ie I'tem ii-i coluitin 4--@ --he expet-iditure is tlieii classified b3, -@lle out iii ',he i)-,@ol)ei@ colur:ln o-i coltimiis oii the vic,-h't. After the -iiti-ies li@ive boeii made l-oi110 the clay -Lii-i-dei- "P(,'UtAT (,.,,,Sb exl)e--(l - (-'--itures"@ an-cl 1---si-iec-,L" a,-,,I 'Lite totals @.tclcled, and entereci op-,-,osi.te Iiiies "J" ,iiid "l@C" r@@-'- sl)eetiiely, the a'o-( @egate sttiii is ol)- @-, -Y hus' there v,,'Il @ appear on 115 1. n. posite i--e "L" oEe p@iye or tii,o i@.eing P@it- II foi,ii-i the total @lmoii-tit i)L,'Id out foi@ the cl-.i@T ai-id at the sqme time the ei-itries C@escril)e4 eliiniii.,-,te tli.e iiecessit,@ of iii-,tldno@ an-,,, ei-itries oi-i the ch--ck sfilbs, a col,,iir@n I)e;- 120 provicled in the recorcl", is ivill 0 seen, --@or enti--@- oi 'ube cli.eck @-itijaibei-s suitgble sl),Lee ,tl-o )Dei@nL,- 1)rovid-,,,! II-.Icler tli@ heaclir,@@ -"Desci@ipt,lon" for @lb e 3 i a m e s -c-,, i-' t L, e i:) o, 7,, e e s o f t h e c'ii e,,@ !,, s. 125 A--II tl)-e oii the "Dailv --ecorcl" Dui-nL-erecl. refe,--eie- r@q,-,clo to 'L@li--m tl-ie;j.@ iiumber the P's oLe, sci-ibed hereina-fter. Provision is also iiiade in 'the 1-oiver 130
[3]1,4621140 hand corner of the "Daily record" for balanci.ng the cash and banli: account@, the maiiner and place of n-iakinp- the enti@ies bein 9 ndicate(i by the use ol' appropi@iat- woi-dI ing, letters and figures sabstanti,,,Ily -is showii, stich as " Bailik del-,,osits i"oi- Ct@ty@" Total cheel@:s issued," " Total, cash on htiiel end of day," etc. The cash balance on line'@plus the bank balance oii lilie 12 gives, on 10 line 13, the total of all cash on h,,ti--icl Nvhether it be in the i-egister, safe or bank. and keeps the proprietor co-Tistautly aclvlsed in this ortlnt item of hill@ busii@ess. This aily record " as will be seen, coi-ii1 5 prises a complete record of all traiisacti6,-is of a day's btisiness. In Fig. 4 is @epreselnted the, " M6,1@,,i@iv record," a, surrinar.@, of- tl-ie Dttil3r i-ecorcl" entries, and c6nsisl,.Ing of a plurality of N,ei,- 20 tical columns, etch b(,ing i-itin-.tbered, "I ,in appropriate headin(, s,,ibs-tantiall@T ;.-le -,-,i@ies of ii same as those illustratec, - nes intersectiiig the vertical I;i-ILs ioiiiiing s@paces foi- the ejitry of itei-as. Eael-i column of thc,, " iA@lonthl3l, I!Cllcoi,d " 25 represents an iiii oi,t,).i-it classifi,,@at:,on Of "Sales," "Casl-.i receil)is" iin(', expend'tures " all enti-ies bein@,- iiiade oi-L tj@l-L,,, sheet by transferring the total 'L'or e,@ich dav @9 0 from the " Daily record," a iiote ii@ e,,tch co@f' umn indica.tiD,& which fio@iii-cs ai-e to b(@ l'i 0 transferred to tl-iat eoluiiin - i-ii 'clie " D,,til@@T record" thus mal;:ing the e,,ti,ies'selfe.@planatory; for exaiiliple,- the headiii@x@of 35 8 in the "Monthly record" reads "'i.'otal, iiet charge sales from daily recor(I Col. 2 Line ('7" 'Indicating th,,tt the, aii-ioi-int Lo be entered in this column for tny gi.l,ei) ct,,t.), is the amount fotir@d in the " Dilly i@ecord 40 COIUMI-I 2 tiiereof,.liiie @x. Ealch lille entitieci To day " is a complete record 6f th,,tt dly's business and each line entitled "To is tt compl.ete record of the total busiiiess o@r the montl-i to that d,,ife. Col-Limns NTi.thoi-i@ 45 any heading are provided @,@,6 @that ai,,Ir receipts or expenses which iat,,y not ,ti)pt-opriately ftll uiider tl-io- headings pro@T.;.cleci iiiay be entered therein ind an al,,Propi,lote heading entered at tlie head o-l' the e6ltimii. 50 The total of the columiis at tlie botto3ii. of the sheet therefore eoii.stittite a complete record of th-- month's bu.sines,@,,@, iiieludiiip, tota,l sales by all departi-iient's, @t separ,-,te total of the chai-ge, sales and cas@ri sales and @35 a record of all cash i-eceived aticl a recoi-,,l o-,r Lill cash paid oiit cla8sified iiecord' 7 ing to standard and accepted Lc-,couTits, In Fig. 5 of th,-, drawin"s i@@ represei-itecl the " Yearly sunimary " i-@q which the),c, is t t@O top portion consisting of Lt pli-irality OT-,Te@l'tical coluinns each beinp, ni-iiiibei-ed, aiid having an ftppropriate heading cori-es-Donclinoto the numbers and headings of the colliii-in@ of the "Monthl3r record" ari(I @i series o-l@, 6,5 sub-divisioiis formed by ilitersectioii -,vith horizontal lines; at the left hand side; of the form are ei-itered the months of the yelr, space being -)rovided for tho eiitry 'i,n apI propriate colur@, h -t,,ioiitl n opl)osile . eac I 0 the item for that ii-ionth 7,n@-I prol'is; ,.oi-i @llso 70 beino,- niade for ,tddilig the total '01" c-acl-i month so that at the,eiid of tDy 3110rtll tlie aggregate of the iueins i-@i aiiy colu-@rii a-re elitered. The nuinbered col-uil'lrs ill tlic,, Yearll, suminLi,r@, " correspoii - 4, @y 1-C, numbered collimns 6f the 11 Monl,,hly i@ecorc!'@ makes the trqnst-er of the fip;u.-es -- F@,@om tlig latter to the forriier self-expl,-,riatorv. After all tl-ie entries have bee-i iiiqcl.,-, or, the upper or top portioii of the " Yeirl-k, 0 stin-iinary " as j List describecl, t,.-.id the e,,)Iumlig totaled, the 13ropricluor or iiie, has before him at the ,@nd of aijy oil @i single 1)age oi. tilto faciii,-)@ pages, lTiSI.]Dle it q, single gl,@ince, a coml3leIL-@ det,,Liled staLp-lil(,I-lt f h's business by i-iiop-ths "or sti@dy 0 1 tnalysis. Ti-ie lower portioii of the - Y(@-qriy T " iS r, s hil-riar) @iade o',- @-lifferent s(,k-1,@ioiis entitled "Monthl), suluirl-ary of accoilii@'cs i-ec ival:)Ie," ol casb i'or e )T L "-tvontlily coiiiparisons" "Pi@ofit fo3, and o., @,,zssets alid liabil-Itte@," siibstantigll.), the as those illusi-.,'ateO. Th.ese sections are )AOrd@,d lettei-ed oibered so that they -tre s I pILinatoi-y a ' e J.-ex d easy tO fill in. 'SiLlil:llnary 0 Th-e section "Aloiithly ae COLIlits receia,qble" sl-ioy,,s Ltt a glance how m-Lteli is due froiii char(re custoiners. The total o-r tl-ie unl)aid ebarge accounts at the beoii-iiiii-icr of the moiitli is: eiitered on line "A" of this section; entries made on "Bl' of the char(re sales being the aiiiou,,it iii c6luinn 8 of the tol:) portion. and the to'L,.l of the entries on lines "A@" ancl "B" ar6 theii e.,-iterod on line "C." On line "D" Is eiltered the aiiiount of cash received oii. accolijit "Ybieb. is taken frorri coluinn 10 of the top p6rtion aiid this ai@-iouiit is subtracted froii@ the total on line "C" -ivin,u the a-Tnoulit ol@ he -Linpaid el-iarge aceounts N-@Tliich ;.s Clilt tereld on line "E." Tlils ,tmoiint is in tiirn cari-ied to Iiiie "A" 6f the next mo-ntli's re(,ords and so on. The section "Sumlii,,Iry of cash T-or year" sho-vvs how,much casli -was oia band at tl),e beginnin- tnd end of tlie yelir alid sern,es Is Proof of various entries rqade dliri-.ig the year on the i@orms Litilizecl in our s@,stelill and herein clescribed. The section on the "Yearly suminar)," iiiarli:ed "Morti-ly compar-isons provides meaiis fo.- con-ii)aring the monthly s,,tles for the current year an@ the previous year itiict the percentage of increase or clocrease tiiO, for a comparlso@.i of 4.-he tverap,-c, d,,iily sales fot- b6th -.years. The amouiits of the total sales per i-nonth ar-- takeii from colu-nm of the tol) Dottion. @The section entitled "Profit for year" l@j
