[1]United States Patent Office 3t652,665 3,652,665 HALO-PHENOXY SALICYLIC ACIDS Tsung-Ying Shen, Gordon L. Walford, and Bruce E. Witzel, Weslfield, N.J., assignors to Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, N.J. 5 No Drawing. Continuation4n-part of appheation Ser. No. 836,640, June 25, 1969. This application Apr. 20, 1970, Ser. No. 30,299 ..Int. Cl. C07c 6,5114 U.S. Cl. 260-520 8 CIaims 10 ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE New substituted phenoxysalicylic acids and non-toxi cpharmaceutically accepable salts, esters, and amides 1,5 derived therefrom. The substitiited phenoxysalicylic acids disclosed herein have anti-inflammatory, anti-pyretic, and analgesic activity. Also included are methods for preparing said phenoxysalicylic acid compounds. 20 CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS This applicatio n is a continuation-in-part of our copending U.S. application S.N. 83 6,640 filed June 2:5, 1969. 25 BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The development of anti-inflammatory compounds in the past two decades has seen the growth of a great many new drugs. Most of these have been steroids of the 11oxygenated pregnane series. These, while highly effective, 3o have the drawback of causidg many side effects. There is a need @in the market for equally effective compounds of much simpler structure and having less side effects. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 35 Generall-y, @ this inventi6n relates to new substituted @henoxysalicylic acid compounds and processes for proI:ducing.th6 same@ Th6se compounds @re useful in that they bay,e, anti-inflammatory activity and are effective in the prdvention and inhibition of edema and granuloma tissue 40 formation. In addition, some of them have a useful degree @of anti-@yretid, analgesic, diuretic, anti-fibrinolytic and hypozglycemic activity. DESCRIPTION AND PREFER,,RED EMBODIMENTS 45 This invention relates to new substittited phenoxysalicylic acids and processes for producing the same. More E;@ecificallk, this invention relates to substituted - phenoxy'@ali@Vlic acid@. esters, amides, anhydrides and non-toxic pharm . aceutically acceptable salts thereof. Still more spe- 50 cifically, this invention relates to:compounds having the f6ilowing general formula: 0 65 8-R 70-7 R3 60 wherein: R may be hydroxy, amino, loweralkoxy (such as methoxy, ethoxy, butoxyo pento:Ky, etc.), lo weralkylamino Patented Mar. 28, 1972 2 (methylamino, propylamino, pentylamino, etc.), di ( loweralkyl)amino (dimethylamino, dibutylamino, propylpentylamino , etc.), diloweralk ylaminoloweralkylamino, diloweralkylaminoloweralkoxy, hydroxyloweralkoxy (3 -hydroxyPrOpoxy, 2- hydroxypropoxy, 4-hdroxybutoxy, etc.), polyhydroxyloweralkoxy (2,3 - dihydroxpropoxy, 2,3,4,5,6pentahydroxyhexyloxy, etc.), loweralkoxyloweralkoxy (ethoxyethoxy), phenylloweralkoxy (benzyloxy, phenethoxy, etc.), phenoxy, substituted phenoxy (such as loweralkoxyphenoxy, halophenoxy, d iloweralkylaminophenoxy, loweralkanoylaminophenoxy, c-arboxyphenoxy and carb oloweralkoxyphenoxy), hydrazino, morphoffno, piperidino, pyrrolidino, hyd roxyloweralkylamino, or phenylamino; R2 may be hydrogen, acyl (preferably loweracyl such as formyl, acetyl, propionyl, butyryl, etc.), alkyl (preferably loweralkyl such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, pentyl, etc.), or alkoxycarbonyl (preferably loweralkoxycarbonyl such as methoxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl, etc.); R3 mav be hydrogen, halogen (such as chloro, bromo, fluoro, or iodo, preferably fluoro or chloro), haloalkyl (preferably haloloweralkyl such as trifluoromethyl, etc.), alkyl (preferably loweralkyl, such as methyl, ethyl propyl, . isopropyl, butyl, pentyl, etc.), cycloalkyl (cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl and cycloheptyl, etc.), or alkoxy (preferably loweralkoxy such as methoxy, ethoxy, isopropoxy or butoxy); and X may be hydrogen, alkyl, (preferably loweralkyl, such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, pentyl, etc.), hydroxy, alkoxy (preferably loweralkoxy such as methoxy, acetoxy, isopropoxy or butoxy), acyloxy (such as benzoyloxy, acetoxy or propionoxy etc.), halogen (such as chloro, bromo, fitioro or iodo,- preferably fluoro or chloro), haloalkyl (preferably haloloweralkyl such as trifluoromethyl, etc.), nitro, amino, alkylamino (preferably loweralkylamino such as methylamino, propylamino, pentylamino, etc.), diloweralkylamino (dimethylamino, dibutylamino, propylpentylamino, etc.), acylamino (preferably loweracylamino such as formylan-iino, acetylamino, propionylamino, butyrylamino, etc.), mercapto, alkylmercapto (preferably loweralkylmercapto such as methylmercapto, ethylmercapto, etc.), alkylsulfinyl (preferably loweralkylsulfinyl such as methylsulfinyl, ethylsulfinyl, butylsulfinyl, etc.), alkylsulfonyl (preferably loweralkylsulfonyl such as methylsulfonyl, ethylsulfonyl, butylsulfonyl, etc.), sulfonamido, sulfonylamido, alkylaminoalkyl (preferably loweralkylaminoloweralkyl such as methylaminomethyl, ethylaminomethyl, etc.), hydroxyalkyl (preferably hydroxyloweralkyl such as hydroxymethyl, hydroxyethyl, hydroxypropyl, etc.), alkoxyalkyl (preferably lower alkoxyloweralkyl such as methoxymethyl, methoxyethyl, ethoxyethyl, ethoxypropyl, etc.), mercaptoalkyl (preferably mercaptoloweralkyl such as mercaptomethyl, mercaptoethyl, etc.), alkylmereaptoalkyl (preferably loweralkylmercaptoloweraikyl such as methylmercaptomethyl, ethylmereaptoethyl, ethylmercaptopropyl, etc.), eyano, carboxy, carboalkoxy (carbomethoxy, carboethoxy, etc.),- carbamoyl, aryl (such as phenyl, tolyl, salicyl) aralkyl such as benzyl, aryloxy, or aralkoxy; provided that the OR2 group is always ortho to the c 8-R group.
[2]3)652y665 3 Representatiive compounds of this invention are: 4-(p,o, or m-fluorophenoxy)-salicylic acid; 5-(p,o, or m-fluorophenoxy)-salicylic acid,, 4- (p,o, or m-trifluoromethylphenoxy)-salicylic acid- and 5-(p,o, or mtrifluoromethylphenoxy)-salicylic acid.' This invention also relates to a method of treating inflammation in patients (animal or human) using a compound of Formula 1, particularly an especially preferred compound as the active constituent. The compounds of the instant invention can be used to treat inflammation by reducing inflammation and relieving pain in such diseases as rheumatoid arthritis, ost@eoarthritis, gout, infectious arthritis and rheumatic fever. The compounds of Formula I also have antipyretic, analgesic, diuretic, anti-fibrinolytic and hypoglycemic acti-vity and would be administered and used in the same manner and in the same dosage ranges as if they were being used to treat inflammation as discussed further onThe treatment of inflammation in accordance with the method of the present invention is accomplished by orally, rectally, parenterally, or topically administering to patients a composition of a compound of this invention particularly the especially preferred compounds in a nontoxic pharmaceutically accepteible carrier, preferably in tablet or capsule form. The non-toxic pharmaceiitical carrier may be, for example, either a solid or a liquid. Exemplary of solid carriers are lactose, corn starch, gelatin, talc, sterotix, stearic acid, magnesium stearate, terra alba, sucrose, agar, pectin, Cab-O-Sil, and acacia. Exemplary of liquid carriers are peanut oil, olive oil, sesame oil and water. Similarly, the carrier or diluent may include a time delay material such as glyceryl monostearate or glyceryl distearate alone or with a wax. Several pharmaceutical forms of the therapeutically useful compositions can be used. For example, if a solid carrier is used, the compositions may take the form of tablets, capsules, powders, troches or lozenges, prepared by standard pharmaceutical techniques. If a liquid carrier is used, the preparation may be in the form of a soft gelatin capsule, a syrup or a liquid suspension. Suppositories for rectal administration and gels for topical administration may be prepared in a conventional manner. The active compounds of Formula I and of the compositions of this invention are present in an amount sufficient to treat inflammation, that is to reduce inflammation. Ad@vantageously, the composition wiU contain the activeingredient, namely, the compounds of Formula I in an amount of from about I mg. to 100 mg. per kg. body weight per day (50 mg. to 7 g. per patient per day), preferably from about 2 mg. to 50 mg./kg. body weight per day (1@00 mg. to 3 g. per patient per day). The method of treatment of this invention comprises internally administering to a patient,(animal or human), a compound of Formula I, particularly an especially preferred compound admixed with a non-toxic pharmaceutical carrier such as exemplified above. The compounds of Formula I and particularly the especially preferred compounds will be administered in an amount of from 1 mg. to 100 mg./kg. body weight per day, preferably from about 2 mg. to about 50 mg. per kilogram body weight per day and especially from 4 mg. to 20 mg./kg. body weight per day. The most rapid and effective anti-inflammatory effect is obtained from oral administration of a daily dosage of from about 4 to 20 mg. /kg./day. It should be understood, however, that although preferred dosage ranges are gi-ven, the dose level for any particular patient depends upon the activity of the specific compound ernployed. Also many other factors that modify the actions of drugs will be taken into account by those skilled in the art in the therapeutic use of medicinal agents, particularly those of Formula I, for example, age, body weight, sex, diet, time of administration, route of admin4 istration, rate of excretion, drug combination, reaction sensitivities and severity of the particular disease. The acid compounds of the invention may be prepared by reacting a substituted anisole with a substituted phenol to form a phenoxyanisole. The phenoxyanisole is thendemethylated in a conventional manner to form a phenoxyphenol which is carboxylated in a conventional manner to form a phenoxy salicylic acid, as for example, by heating the appropriate substituted phenoxyphenol 10 under pressure with carbon dioxide gas. The product can then be isolated from the reaction mixture by methods known in the art. The temperature at which the carboxylation reaction can take place is from 50' to 300' C. The reaction can also take place at from atmospheric 15 pressure to high pressure, preferably howe@ver at 200' C. and about 1600 p.s.i. pressure. The compounds of this invention wherein R is a group such that an ester is the final compound (i.e. R is alkoxy) are prepared by any esterification procedure using an 2o esterifying agent containing the appropriate R group. For example, the carboxylic acid compounds of this invention may be reacted with the appropriate loweralkanol, (preferably methanol) at elevated temperatures in the presence of a strong acid such as hydrochloric acid, sul25 furic acid, p-toluene-sulfonic acid and the like to form the desired ester. The compounds of this invention wherein R is a group such that an amide is the final compound (i.e. R is amino) may be prepared by any suitable amidation reaction. For 30 example, the carboxylic acid compoand (preferably the methyl or ethyl ester) may be reacted with ammonia, ammonium hydroxide, or an amine compound, at any suitable temperature (room temperature to reflux). When the amino group is desired, it is preferred to carry out 35 the reaction with ammonia in a bomb at temperatures abous 100' C. to forin the desired R (amino) compound. Preferably, when an amide is desired which is derived from an amino acid, the following reaction sequence is followed: the carboxylic acid final compound is reacted 40 with isobutyl chlorocarbonate to form the mixed anhydride. This cornpound is in tum reacted with the desired amino acid ester and subsequently hydrolyzed to form the desired amide. i The salts of the final acid compounds of this inven45 tion may be prepared by any, of the well-known metathesis procedures. For example, the carboxylic acid compound may be reacted with an inorganic base such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, ammonium hydroxide and barium hydroxide and the like. The anhy50 dride of this invention may be prepared by any of the well-known procedures in the art. The final compound, wherein R2 iS lower alkyl (preferably methyl), may be prepared by any appropriate alkylation reaction. For example, the corresponding hy55 droxy benzoic acid, ester, or amide (preferably the ester), may be reacted with a di(lower alkyl)sulfate (preferably dimethyl sulfate) in the presence of a base (such as an alkali carbonate) at any suitable temperature (room temperature to reflux but preferably at or 60 near reflux) with subsequent acidification of the reaction mixture, such as with hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, and the like, to form the desired R2 compound. The following examples are presented to further illustrate the invention: 65 EXAMPLEIA The preparation of 3-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenol To a stirred mixture of water (300 ml.) and concentrated sulfuric acid (30 ml.) is added 3-fluoro-4-phenoxy70 aniline (0.3 m.) in small portions. The resultant mixture is then cooled to less than 10' C. by the addition of crushed ice (250 g.) plus any external cooling needed. A solution of sodium nitrite (22 g.) in water (100 ml.) is added portion-wise so that the temperature stays be75 low 10' C., the mixture allowed to warm to room tem-
[3]5 perature, heated gently until evolution of nitrogen is completed, and the mixture cooled. Extraction of the mixture with chloroform, fol-lowed bychromotography of the extracts on a silica gel column using an ether-petroleum ether system (v./v. 0-50% ether) as eluant yields 3-fluoro-4-phenoxyphenol. When p- (2-chlorophenoxy) -aniline, p- (2,4-dichlorophenoxy) -aniline, p-(4-chlorophenoxy)-m-ch-loroaniline, p-(2-chlorophenoxy)-M7chloroaniline, p- (2,4,6-trichlorophenoxy) -aniline, p-(3,4-dimethylphenoxy)-aniline, p-(4-chloro-3,5-dimethylphenoxy)-aniline, or p- (4-carboxyphenoxy) -aniline is used in place of 3-chloro-4-phenoxyaniline in the above example, the corresponding phenol, p-(2-chlorophenoxy)-phenol, p- (2,4-dichlorophenoxy) -phenol, p-(4-chlorophenoxy)-m-chlorophenol, p- (2-chlorophenoxy) -m-chlorophenol, p- (2,4,6-trichlorophenoxy) -phenol, P-(3,4-dimethylphenoxy)-phenol, p-(4-chloro-3,5-dimethylphenoxy) -phenol or p-(4-carboxyphenoxy)-phenol (purified via the methyl ester) is obtained. EXAMPLE IB The preparation of 5-(p-fluorophenoxy) -salicylic acid An intimately ground mixture of 4-(p-fluorophenoxy)phenol (5 g.) and anhydrous potassium carbonate (15 g.) is heated at 200' C. in a 1200-1400 p.s.i. carbon dioxide atmosphere for 8 hours. The mixture is cooled, added to water (300 ml.), stirred, filtered, and the filtrate acidified with dilute hydrochloric acid to yield 5- (pfluorophenoxy)-salicylic acid, M.P. 172-173.5' C. EXAMPLE 2A The preparation of 4- (p-methylphenoxy) -anisole A mixture of p-bromoanisole (0.15 m.), p- cresol (0.18 m.), powdered anhydrous potassium carbonate (6.9 g.) and copper bronze (0.2 g.) is heated at 210' C. for two hours, cooled, excess alkali added, the mixture extracted weR with ether and benzene, the combined exixacts dried well over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filtered and concentrated. Distillation under reduced pressure, or chromatography on a silica gel column of the residue obtained, using an ether-petroleum ether system as eluant yields 4-(pmethylphenoxy)-anisole. When o-cresol, m-cresol, o-, m-, or p-nitrophenol, rii- or p-phenylphenol, 4- hydroxydiphenylmethane, 4-hydroxydiphenylether, 4-h ydroxyacetophenone, o-, m-, and p-chlorophenol or o-, m- and p-Ruorophenot are used in place of p-cresol in the above example, 4-(o- and mmethylphenoxy)-anisole, 4-(o-, m- and pnitrophenoxy)anisole, 4-(m- and p-phenylphenoxy)-anisole, 4-(P-benzylphenoxy) - anisole, 4 - (p - phenoxyphenoxy) -anisole, 4(p-ace tylphenoxy)-anisole, 4-(o-, m- and pchlorophenoxy)-anisole and 4-(o-, m- and p-fluorophenoxy)-anisole are obtained, respectively. When m-bromoanisole is used in place of p-bromoanisole in the above example, and reacted with aR the phenols listed, the corresponding 3-(su@bstituted phenoxy)anisoles are obtained. EXAMPLE 2B The preparation of 4-(methylphenoxy)-phenol A mixture of 4-(p-methylphenoxy)-anisole (5 g.) and pyridine hydrochloride (125 -g.) under a dry nitrogen atmosphere is placed in an oil-bath set at 230' C., kept there 10 minutes, removed from the bath, cooled, and extracted with ether. The ether extracts are washed with water, dried, and the residue obtained upon removal of 8,652,665 6 the ether chromatographed on a silica -gel column using an ether-petroleum ether (v./v. 0-70% ether) system yielding 4-(p-methylphenoxy)-phenol. Other standard methods of demethylation, such as acetic acid-hydrogen halide, aluminum chloride-benzene, potassium hydroxideethylene glycol, etc., may also be used. When the substituted anisoles of Example 2A are used in place of 4- (pmethylphenoxy) -anisole in the above example, there is obtained 4-(o- and m-methylphenoxy)phenols, 4-(o-, m-, and pnitrophenoxy)-phenols, 4-(mand p-phenylphenoxy)-phenols, 4 - (pbenzylphenoxy)phenol, 4 - (p - phenoxyphenoxy) -phenol, 4 - (p - acetylphenoxy)- phenol, 4 - (o-, m-, and p-chlorophenoxy)- 1 5 phenols, 4-(o-, m- and p-fluorophenoxy)-phenols, 3-(o-, m-, and pmethylphenoxy)-phenols, 3-(o-, m-, and pnitrophenoxy)-phenols, 3 - (m- and p - phenylphenoxy)phenols, 3 - (p-benzylphenoxy)-phenol, 3 - (p-phenoxyphenoxy)- phenol, 3 - (p-acetylphenoxy)-phenol, 3-(o-, 20 m-, and p-chlorophenoxy)-phenols and 3-(o-, m-, and pfluorophenoxy)-phenols, respectively. EXAMPLE 2C When the phenols from Example 2B are used in place 25 of 4-(p-Ruorophenoxy)-phenol in Example 1, there are obtained 5-(o-, m-, and pmethylphenoxy)-salicylic acids, 5-(o-, m- and p-nit rophenoxy)salicylic acids, 5-(mand p-phenylphenoxy)-salidylic acids, 5-(p-benzylph enoxy)salicylic acid, 5-(pphenoxyphenoxy)-salicylic acid, 5-(p30 acetylphenoxy)-salicylic acid, 5-(o- and m-chlor ophenoxy)-salicylic acids, 5-(o-, mand p-fluorophenoxy)salicylic acids, 4-(o-, ni- and p-methylphenoxy)-salicylic acids, 4-,(o-, m-, and p-nitrophenoxy)-salic@ylic acids, 4-(mand P-phenylphenoxy)- salicylic acids, 4-(p-benzylphenoxy)-salicylic acid, 4-(p-phenoxyphenoxy)-salicylic acid, 35 4-(p-acetylphenoxy)-salicylic acid, 4-(o-, m- and p-chlorophen6xy)-salicylic acids, and 4-(o-, m- and p-fluorophenoxy)-salicyclic acids. When the phenols from Example IA are used above, 40 there are obtained 4-chloro-5-phenoxy-salicylic acid, 5-(ochlorophenoxy)-salicylic acid (prepared above also), 5-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)-salicylic acid, 4-chloro-5-(pchlorophenoxy)-salicylic acid, 4-chloro-5-(o-chloro phenoxy)salicylic acid, 5-(2,4i6- trichlorophenoxy)-salicylic acid, 5-(3,4-dimethylph enoxy)-salicylic acid, 5-(4- chloro-3,5-di45 methylphenoxy)-salicylic acid, and 5 - (p - carb oxypheno)ey)-salicylic acid, respectively. EXAMPLE 3 50 The preparation of 2-acetoxy-5-(p-chlorophenoxy) benzoic acid To a mixttire of 5-(p-chlorophenoxy)-@salicylic acid (0.04 m.)in anhydrous pyridine (15 ml.) is added acetic anhydride (28 ml.) and the resultant mixture heated on 55 the steam cone for 1.5 hours. The mixture is kept free from moisture during this time. On cooling, the mixture is added to a stirred 500 ml. portion of water, the aqueous system extracted well with chloroform, the chloroform extracts washed with I N hydrochloric acid, water, and then dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate. Concen60 tration of the ffitered solution yields 2-acetox y-5-(p-chlorophenoxy)-benzoic acid. When propionic or butyric anhydride is used in place of acetic anhydride in the above example, the correspond6,5 ing propionoxy or but@roxy compound is obtained. When the salicylic acids of Example 2C are used in place of 5-(p-chlorophenoxy)-salicylic acid, above, the corresponding acyloxy benzoic acids are obtained. EXAMPLE 4 70 Th e preparation of methyl 5-(p-chlorophenoxy)-salicylate To a solution of anhydrous methanol (100 ml.) containing 0.2 g. of anhydrous hydrogen chloride (or one small drop of concentrated sulfuric acid) is added 5- (p75 chlorophenoxy)-salicylic acid and the resultant mixture
[4]3)652)665 7 heated under reflux for three hours. The solvent is removed in vacuo, the residual material partitioned between chloroform-dflute sodium bicarbonate solution, and the layers separated. The chloroform layer is dried, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo to leave methyl 5-(p-chlorophenoxy)salicylate. When ethanol is used in place of methanol in the above reaction, the corresponding ethyl ester is obtained. When the salicylic acids of Example 2 are used in place of 5-(p-chlorophenoxy)-salicylic acid in the above example, the corresponding methyl and ethyl esters are obtained. Esterification is also achieved using diazomethane in methylene chloride solution. EXAMPLE 5 The preparation of phenyl 5-(p-chlorophe noxy)-salicylate To a mixture of polyphosphate esters (15 equiv.) in chloroform is added one equivalent each of 5-(p-chlorOphenoxy)-salicylic acid and phenol, and the resultant mixture heated gently for 30 minutes. The chloroform mixture is cooled, washed with dilute bicarbonate solution, the chloroform layer dried, filtered and evaporated in vacuo to yield pheiiyl 5@(1),-chlorophenoxy)-salicylate. When the salicylic acids of Example 2 are used in place of 5- (p-chlorophenoxy-salicylic acid in the above reaction, the corresponding phenyl esters are obtained. EXAMPLE 6 The preparation of methyl 5-(p-aminophe noxy)-salicylate A mixture of methyl 5-(p-nitrophenoxy)-salicylate (0.01 m.) in methanol-dioxane (1: 1) (200 ml.) is reacted with hydrogen at room temperature, 40 p.s.i., in the presence of 10% palladium on carbon (0.3 g.). The mixture is filtered, the cake washed well with methanol, the filtrate evaporated in vacuo, the residuechromatographed on a silica gel column using a methanol-methylene chloride system as eluant (v./v. 0-30% methanol) to yield methyl 5- (p-aminophenoxy) -salicylate. EXAMPLE 7 The preparation of methyl 5-(p-dimethylaminophenoxy)salicylate A mixture of methyl 5-(p-nitrophenoxy)-salicylate (0.012 m.), methanol (150 ml.), glacial acetic acid (2 ml.), 37% formaldehyde (4 ml.) and Raney nickel (0.5 teaspoonful) is treated with hydrogen (40 p.s.i.) at room temperature. When hydrogen uptake is complete, the mixture is filtered, the cake washed with fresh methanol, filtered and the filtrates combined. The mixture is then partitioned between chloroform-dilute sodium bicarbonate solution, the layers separated, the aqueous solution extracted with fresh chloroform and then with ether, the organic layers combined, dried, filtered, and concentrated. Chromatography of the residue on a silica gel column using an etherpetroleum ether (v./v. 0-100% ethei-) system yields methyl 5- (pdimethylaminophenoxy) -salicylate. EXAMPLE 8 'fhe preparation of methyl 5-(p-cyanophe noxy)-salicylate A mixture of methyl 5-(p-chlorophenoxy)-salicylate (0.02 m.), cuprous cyanide (0.03 m.), and N-methylpyrrolidone is de-aerated, covered with a nitrogen atmosphere and heated slowly to 180' C., kept at this temperature for 3 hours, allowed to cool, partitioned between benzene-7% hydrochloric acid containing ferric chloride( 0.03 m.), the benzene layer separated, dried, concentrated and the residue chromatographed on a silica gel column using an ether-petroleum ether system as eluant i(v./v. 5-50% ether) to yield methyl 5-(p-cyanophenoxy)-salic@ylate. 8 EXAMPLE 9 The preparation of 5- (p-carb amylphenoxy) - sahcylic acid A mixture of 5 - (@p - cyanophenoxy) - salicylic acid (0.002 m.) and polyphosphoric acid (5 ml.) is heated on a steam cone for one hour, cooled, added to water, the aqueous layer basified with sodium bicarbonate, heated on the steam cone to hydrolyze any ester or an10 hydride formed, filtered and acidified with dilute hydrochloric acid. The 5-(p-carbamylphenoxy)-salicylic acid is then collected. EXAMPLE 10 15 The preparation of methyl 5-(p-carbomethoxyphenoxy) -salicylate When 5 - (p - carboxyphenoxy) - salicylic acid is esterified as per the conditions of Example 4, there is obtained 20 methyl 5-(p-carbomethoxyphenoxy)-salicylate. EXAMPLE I I The preparation of methyl 5-(p-benzyloxy-phenoxy)-o-anisate 25 When p-benzyloxyphenol and methyl 5 - bromo-oanisate are used in place of pcresol and p-bromoanisole, respectively, in Example 2, methyl 5-(pbenzyloxyphenoxy)-o-anisate is obtained. 30 EXAMPLE 12A The preparation of methyl 5-(p-hydroxyphenoxy)-o-anisate 35 A mixture of methyl 5 - (p - benzyloxyphenoxy)-oanisate (0.01 m.), methanol (200 ml.) and 10% palladium on carbon (0.2 g.) is reacted in a hydrogen atmosphere (40 p.s.i.) at room temperature. When the theoretical amount of hydrogen has been absorbed, the 40 mixture is filtered and the solvent removed in vacuo to yield methyl 5-(phydroxyphenoxy)-o-anisate. EXAMPLE 12B The preparation of methyl 5-(p-hydroxyphenoxy)- salicylic acid 45 When either of the compgunds of Example 12A is reacted with pyridine hydrochloride as per Example 2B, methyl 5-(p-hydrox yphenoxy)-salicylic acid is obtained. 50 EXAMPLE 12C The preparation of 5-(p-methoxyphenoxy)- o-anisic acid 55 To a mixture of methyl 5 - (phydroxyphenoxy)-oanisate (0-01 m.) in 2 N sodium hydroxide solution is added dimethyl sulfate (0.03 m.) in small portions over two hours, the mixture being kept basic throughout the addition. Water is added, the mixture filtered, the filtrate 60 acidified and 5 - (p - methoxyphenoxy) o - anisic acid collected. EXAMPLE 13 The preparation of 2-acetoxy-5-(p-acetoxyphen65 oxy)-benzoic acid When 5-(p-hydroxyphenoxy)-salicylic acid is reacted with excess acetic anhydride as per @Example 3, 2-acetoxy5-(p-acetoxyp henoxy)-,benzoic acid is obtained. 70 When 5-(p-aminophenoxy)-salicylic acid is used, 2acetoxy - 5 - (pacetamidophenoxy)-benzoic acid is obtained. Mild basichydrolysis of this yields 5-(p-acetamidophenoxy)-salicylic acid. When p-(p-hydroxyphenoxy)-benzoic acid is used, p75 (p-acetoxyphenoxy)-benzoic acid is obtained.
[5]8)652)665 9 EXAMPLE 14A The preparation of p-(4-acetoxyphenoxy)- benzotrifluoride A stainless steel lined shaker is charged with p-(P acetoxyphenoxy)-benzoic acid (0.02 m.) under a nitrogen at-mosphere, the system cooled to Dry-Ice temperatures, and sulfur tetrafluoride (0.1 m.) condensed into the tube. The mixture is then heated at 120' C. for eight hours, cooled, vented, the residual material taken up in ether, filtered, and concentrated. The material thus obtained is then chromatographed on a silica gel column Sysusing an ether-petroleum ether (v./v. 0-30% ether) tem as eluant, yielding p-(4-acetoxyphenoxy)-benzotrifluoride. Gentle heating of this material in a methanolic solution with either an acid or basic catalyst, followed by ether extraction of the diluted (water) mixture yields p(phydroxyphenoxy) -benzotrifluoride. EXAMPLE 14B The preparation of 5-(p-trifluoromethylphenoxy)- salicylic acid When p-(p-hydroxyphenoxy)-benzotrifluoride is used in place of p-(4-fluorophenoxy)- phenol in Exarnple 1, there is obtained 5 - @(p - t rifluoromethyl-phenoxy) - silicylic acid. EXAMPLE 15A The preparation of 4-hydroxy-4'-mereaptodiphenyl ether When p-methylmercaptophenol is used in place of pfluorophenol in Example 1, and the resultant p-(4methylthiophenoxy)-anisole demethylated with pyridine hydrochloride as per Example 2, 4-hydroxy-4'-mercaptodiphenyl ether is obtained. EXAMPLE 15B The preparation of p-(4-methylmereaptophenoxy) -phenol A mixture of 4-hydroxy - 4' - mercaptodiphenyl ether (0.,Ol m.) in a de-aerated aqueous potassium hydroxide solution (0.01 m.) is treated with dimethylsulfate (0.012 m.) at room temperature over one hour, the mixture acidified, extracted well with ether, and the dried ether extracts chromatographed on a silica gel column using an etherpetroleum ether system (v./v. 0-30% ether) as eluant yielding p-(4-methylmercaptGphenoxy)-phenol. EXAMPLE 15C The preparation of 5-(p-methylmercaptophenoxy)- salicylic acid When p - (4 - methylmercaptophenoxy) - phenol is used in place of p-(4-chlorophenoxy)- phenol in Example 2, 5 - (p - methylmercaptophenoxy) - salicylic acid is obtained. EXAMPLE 15D The preparation of 5-(p-merca-ptophenoxy)- salicylic acid When the salicylic acid from Example 15C is used in place of methyl 5 - (p - hydroxyphenoxy) - o - anisate in Example 16, there is obtained 5-(p-mercaptophenoxy)- salicylic acid. EXAMPLE 16A The preparation of 5-(p-methylsulfinylphenoxy)- salicylic acid To a cooled solution of 5 - (p - methylthiophenoxy)salicylic acid (0.01 m.) in methanolacetone is added a solution of sodium metaperiodate (0.01 m.) in a minimum amount of water, and the mixture stirred at or below room temperature until precipitation of sodium iodate is @completed. The iodate is removed by filtration, 10 the solvents removed in vacuo, and the residue taken 'up in chlorofortn and ether, the organic solvents combined, dried and concentrated. - Purification is affected via column chromatography of the methyl ester, or by re crystallization of the acid, yielding 5 - (p - methylsulfinylphenoxy) -salicylic acid. EXAMPLE 16B The preparation of 5-(p-methylsulfonylp4enoxy)- silicylic acid 10 When two equivalents of sodium metaperiodate are used in Example 16A, and a higher temperature employed, or when the methylmereapto compound is oxidized with peroxide in acetic acid there is obtained 5- 15 (p-methylsulfonylphenoxy)-salicylic acid. EXAMPLE 17A The preparation of methyl 2-acetoxy-5-(p-bromomethy lphenoxy)-benzoate 20 A mixture of methyl 5-(p-methy lphenoxy)-2-acetoxybenzoate (prepared from the corresponding acid and diazomethane) (0.05 m.), Nbromosuccinimide (0.05 m.) (purified just before use by pumping out at 0.5 mm. over P205), carbon tetrachloride (500 ml.) and dibenzoyl 25 peroxide (0.002 m.) is refluxed gently for 3 hours, cooled, the suceinimide removed by filtration, and the solvent removed in vacuo to yield methyl 2-acetoxy-5-(pbromomethylphenoxy) -benzoate. 30 EXAMPLE 17B The preparation of methyl 5-(p-hydroxymethylphenoxy)-salicylate A mixture of methyl 2-acetoxy-5-(p-bromomethylphenoxy)-benzoate (0.01 m.), silver acetate (0.01 m.) 35 and acetic acid (30 ml.) is heated gently for three hours, cooled, filtered, and the filtrate concentrated in vacuo to a residue of crude methyl 2- acetoxy-5-(p-acetoxymethylphenoxy)-benzoate. Anhydrous methanol (50 ml.) 40 and p-toluene sulfonic acid (0.3 g.) added, the mixture refluxed for three hours, concentrated, distributed between water-chloroform, thechloroform layer dried, concentrated, and the contents chromatographed on a silica gel column using an ether-petroleum ether system (v./v. 0-100% ether) as eluant yielding methyl 5-(phydroxy45 methylphenoxy) -salicylate. When potassium thiolacetate is used in place of silver acetate in the above reaction, methyl 5-(p-mercaptomethylplienoxy)-salicylate is obtained. 60 EXAMPLE 17C The preparation of methyl 5-(p-methoxymethylphenoxy)salicylate Methyl 2 - acetoxy - 5-(p-bromomethylphenoxy)-ben55 zoate (0.01 m.) is added to a stirred solution of sodium methoxide (0.02 m.) in anhydrous methanol, the mixture refluxed gently for one hour, cooled, a trace of dilute hydrochloric acid added to neutralize the mixture, the solvents removed in vacuo, and the residue chromatographed 60 on a silica gel column using an ether-petroleum ether system (v./v. 0-40% ether) as eluant to yield methyl 5(p-methoxymethylphenoxy)-salicylate. When potassium methylmercaptide is used in place of sodium methoxide, methyl 5-(p-methylthiomethylphe65 noxy)-salicylate is obtained. EXAMPLE 18A The preparation of methyl 5-(p-aminomethylphenoxy)salicylate hydrochloride 70 Methyl 5-(p-cyanophenoxy)-salicylate (0.005 ml.) in acetic acid (50 ml.) is reduced at room temperature under a 40 p.s.i. hydrogen atmosphere, using 0.2 g. platinum oxide as a catalyst. When the theoretical amount of hydrogen is consumed, the mixture is filtered, the solvent re75 moved in vacuo, the residue taken up in a chloroform-
[6]31652,665 ether niixture, filtered, etheral-hydrogen chloride added and the methyl-5-(paminomethylphenoxy)-salicylate hy@ drochloride collected. EY-AMPLE 18B The preparation of methyl 5-(p-dimethylaminophenoxy)- salicylate A mixture of methyl 5-(p-aminomethylphenoxy)-saliclate (0.004 m.), 37% formaldehyde (6 ml.), dried 1,2dimethoxyethane (80 ml.), glacial acetic acid (50 ml.) and Raney nickel (I teaspoon) is treated with hydrogen (40 p.s.i.) at room temperature. When hydrogen uptake is completed, the mixture is filtered, the cake washed well with fresh dimethoxyethane, the combined filtrates distributed between chloroform-dilute sodium bicarbonate solution, the chloroform layer dried, filtered, concentrated, and the residue chromatographed on a silica gel column using anether-petroleum ether system (v./v. 0-100% ether) as eluant ethyl 5-(p-dimethyla minophenoxy)salicylate is obtained. EXAMPLE19 The preparation of 5-(p-benzyloxyphenoxy)-salicylic acid A mixture of 5-(p-hydroxyphenoxy)-salicylic acid (0.01 m.), anhydrous potassium carbonate (0-02 M.) and anhydrous methanol (50 ml.) is stirred for 30 min-. utes, protected by a calcium chloride drying tube. Benzyl chloride (0.02 m.) is added, the mixture refluxed for 6 hours, potassium hydroxide (2 g.) and water (100 Ml.) added, the mixture refluxed one hour, filtered cold, acidified with dilute hydrochloric acid, the acid collected and purified via recrystallization or column chromatography of its methyl ester to yield 5-(p-benzyloxyphenoxy)salicylic acid. EXAMPLE 20 The preparation of methyl 2-carboxyl-@4-(p-chlorophenoxy)-phenyl carbonate To a mixture of 5-(p-chlorophenoxy)-salicylic acid (0.01 m.) dimethylaniline (0.02 m.) and benzene (30 ml.) is added methyl chloroformate (0.011 m.) over one hour with constant shaking and cooling. When the odor of the chlorocarbonate is essentially absent, hydrochloric acid (I N, 100 ml.) is added and the mixture filtered. The benzene layer is separated, dried, filtered, and the solvent r6moved in vacuo to yield @methyl 2- carboxy-4-(,p-chlorophenoxy) -phenyl carbonate. EXAMPLE 21 The preparation of methyl 4-methyl-5-pheno xy-salicylate When phenol and methyl 5-@bromo-4-methyl-o-anisate are used in place of p-cresol and pjbromoanisole, respectively, in Example 2, and the resulting methyl 4-methyl5- phenoxy-o-anisate reacted with pyridine hydrochloride as per Example 2, there is obtained methyl 4-methyl-5phenoxy-salicylate. EXAMPLE Z2A The preparation of 2-bromo-5-methoxybenzotrifluoride When the acetate of 5-hydroxy-2-bromobenzoic acid !s used in place of p-(4- acetoxyphenoxy)-benzoic acid in Example 14, and the resultant mixture hydrolyzed under mild conditions, there is obtained 2-bromo-5- hydroxybenzotrifluoride, which on treatm,ent with diazomethane yields 2-bromo-5-metho xybenzotrifluoride. The preparation of 4-benzyloxy-2-bromoanisole When 3-bromo-4-methoxyphenol is reacted with one equivalent of benzyl chloride as per Example 19, there is obtained 47benzyloxy-2-bromoanisole. 12 EY-AMPLE Z2B The Preparation of 5-methoxy-2-phenoxybenzotrifluoride and 4-benzyloxy-2-phenoxyanisole When 2-bromo-5-methoxybenzotrifluoride and 4-benz yloxy-2-bromoanisole are reacted with phenol as per Example 21, there are obtained 5-methoxy-2- phenoxybenzotrifluoride and 4-benzyloxy-2-phenoxyanisole, respectively. EXAMPLE 2ZC 10 The preparatiorl of 4-phenoxy-3-trifluoromethylphenol When 5-methGxy-2-phenoxybenzotrifluoride is demethylated as per Example 2, 4-phenoxy-3-trifluoromeihylphenol is obtained. 15 The preparation of 4-methoxy-3-phenoxyphenol When 4-benzyloxy-2-phenoxyanisole is used in place of methyl 5-(p-benzyloxyphenoxy)-o-anisate in Example 12, there is obtained 4- methoxy-3-phenoxyphenol. 20 EXAMPLE 22D The preparation of 5-phenoxy-4-trifluorom ethylsalicylic acid and 5-methoxy-4-phenoxysalicylic acid When 4-phenoxy-3-trifluoromethylphenol and 4-me25 thoxy-3-phenoxyphenol are carbonated as per Example 1, there are obtained 5-phenoxy-4-trifluoromethylsalicylic acid and 5-methoxy-4- phenoxysalicylic acid, respectively. EXAMPLE 23 30 The preparation of 5-(p-chlorobenzoxy)-salicylanilide A mixture of phenyl 5-(pchlorophenoxy)-salicylate (0.1 m.), aniline (0.1 m.) and 1-methylnaphthalene (50 ml.) is heated slowly to 230' C., kept at this temperature 35 until phenol has stopped distilling, charcoal (2 g.) added, then 20 ml. additional methylnaphthalene, the mixture heated 10 minutes, filtered hot, and coole d. The collected anilide is then recrystallized to yield pure 5-(p-chlorophenoxy) - salicylanilide. 40 EXAMPL-E 24 The preparation of 5-(p-chlorophenoxy)-salicylamide A mixture of methyl 5-(p-chlorophenoxy)-salicylate and concentrated ammonium hydroxide (five-fold excess) 45 iS heated at 100' C., in a sealed tube for 6 hours. After cooling, water is added and the 5-(p-chlorophenoxy)-sal. icylamide collected. When monomethylamine, dimethylamine, ethylamine, diethylamine, morpholine, piperidine, etc. are used hi place ,50 of ammonium hydroxide, the corresponding amides are obtained. ,EXAM,PI.E 25 The preparation of N,N-diethylaminoethyl 5-(pfluoro phenoxy)-salicylate 55 To a mixture of 5-(p-fluorophenoxy)-salicylic acid (0.01 m.) and N,N-diethylethanolamine (0.01 m.) in anhydrous tetrahydrofuran (100 ml.) is added a solution of dicyclohexylcarbodiimide,(0.01 m.) in a minimum of C)o the same solvent. The mixture is stoppered shaken well, and allowed to stand overnight. The prec-i;itated dirycle@hexylurea is removed by futration, the filtrate concentrated in vacuo, the residue partitioned between ether and I N hydrochloric acid, the layers separated,;the aqueous layer 65 washed once with fresh ether and neutralized with saturated sodium bicarbonate solution. 'Extraction with chloro@ form, followed by removal of the chloroform in vacuo (high vacuum pump to remove traces of starting amine) yields N,N-diethylaminoethyl 5-(p-fluorophenoxy)-salicy70 late. EXAMPLE 26 The preparation of sodium 5-(p-fluoropheno xy)-salicylate . Solutions of 5-(p-fluorophenoxy)-salicylic acid in meth75 anol and sodium hydroxide (I equivalent) in water. are
[7]13 mixed, heated for solution, filtered, and the filtrate concentrated in vacuo to leave sodium 5-(p-ffuorophenoxy)salicylate. When potassium hydroxide is used in place of sodium hy&oxide in the above example, the corresponding potassium salt is obtained. When two equivalents of the above bases are used, the correspondina di sodio- and di potassio-salts are obtained. ,EXAMPLE 27 The preparation of the diethylaminoethanol salt of 5-(pfluorophenoxy)-salicylic acid N,N-diethylethanolamine (0.001 m.) in ether (5 ml.) is added to a stirred solution of 5-(pRuorophenoxy)-salicylic acid (0.001 m.) in chloroform-methanol, the resultant mixture allowed to stir for one hour, the salt collected or the solvent removed in vacuo to yield the diethylaminoethanol salt of 5-(p-iluorophenoxy)-salicylic acid. When piperidine, morpholine, triethylamine, N-methylpiperidine, N-methylmorphohne, tributyl amine or other organic amines are used in place of diethylethanolamine in the above example, the corresponding salt is obtained. We
