claim: 1. A tool for attaching a ferrule to a tlibe comprising a body havin-, a recess, an anntilar die within sal recess, said die having an opening for receivin@ the tube to which the ferrtile is to be attached, said opening includin,a a tapered flare mouth facing outwardly of said rec@-ss, a nut threadedly attached to said body, a r.,itiltiple segi-nent split die within sa;d nut and having a bore for receiving said tube, said split di@- having a shoulder facing said annular die and against which said ferrtile is adapted to abut, said split die being movable by said nut toward said annular die as said nut is thread-,d onto said body for moving said ferrule a.-ainst said flare motith whereby said Pare mouth will contract said ferrule upon said tube. 2. A tool in accordance with claim I in ivhich said split di-- has a groove in its outer suriace ar@d there is a sprina. ring within said groove for yieldably retainin-. said segments in position. 3. A tool in accordance with claim I in which said split die has an external cylindrical surface closely fitting an internal cylindrical surface of the nut for preventing appreciable separation of said segments when the split die is within said nut. 4. A tool in accordance with claim 1 in wh;ch said an-@iular die has an end surface exposed to a bore in said body whereby a pin may be inserted into said body bore into en,@a.@ement with said annular die for driving the same out of said annular recess in the event said annular die sticks within said recess. 5. A tool in accordance with claim I in which said shoulder on said split die is tapered so as to contract the portion of th-, ferrule engaged thereby against said tiibe as said split die moves the ferrule against said flare mouth. 6. A tool in accordance with claim I in which said split and annular dies are made of relatively harder metal than said nut and body. 7 ' A tool in accordance with claim I in which there is a means for limitilig the nioverr@ent of the split die tO3,201,859 6 ward the annular die whereby contractio-@i of the ferrule against the tube may be limited. S. A tool in accordance with claim I in which said split die has a face engageable with said body for limiting movement of said split die toward said arinular die whereby conlraction of the ferrule against the tube may be limited. 9. A tool in accordance with claim I in which said split die has a fac@- en-aeable ivith said annular die for lo limiting movement of @sai@d split die toward said annular die whereby contraction of said ferrule against said tube may be lim d. 10. A tool for at-tachin.@ a ferrule to a tube wherein the f@-rrule is to be clamped between a coupling body 15 and a coupli-@ioa nut for attachin,@ the tube to said coupling body, said tool comprisin@- a body member having associated therewith a die surface, a multisegment split die, said die surface flaring otitwardly toward said split die, and a tool nut threadable upon said body member, said 20 split die and said die surface being adapted to receive a e ther etween for contra ng the same upon a tube, @said sp it dic fitting within said tool nut and movable thereby into engagement with said fei-nile for contracting the same. said tool nut having a bore there25 throu.-h of -reater diameter than the largest outside diameter of said couplin,a n,,it whereby the tool nut may @d be passed over said coupling nut back f@rom sa,' spli-t die to permit lateral separation of said split die segments for removal of the same from said tube after the ferrule ',o has been contracted upon said tube. 11, A tool for attachin.- a ferrale to a tube con-iprising a body havin.a a tapered Rare mo@,ith associated therewith, a nut threaded upon said body, a multiple segment split die ,vitWn said nut havin.@ a bore for receiving said 35 tube, said split die bein@ adadted to fit behind said ferrule and to move the same along the tube, means for moving said split die and said j'errul.- toward said body whereby said flare moilth will contract said ferr@,ile upon said tube, said split die se.-nients havin.@ opposed circumferential 40 -nds, the bore in said split die being of sli-htly greater radius than the radius of the outer surface'of the tube, s,,iid opposed circtimferential ends being spaced tpart enough to permit c'.osing of the segments abolt the tube and in contact thereviith at locations intermediate said 45 circumferential ends, the inner longitudinal edges of said circumfere.,itial ends bein.- at all times out of contact with said tube. 12. A tool for attachin@- a ferriiie to a tube comprising a body havina tapered flare mouth associated ")O therewit@i, a nut threaded upon said body, a die within said nut ar.,d having lonoitudinal splits therethrough formin.@ multiple se,@lr@eDts niovable to radialiy inward and outward positioiis, said die havin@ a bore for receivin.@ said tube, said die having a tai)ered iiiternal shoulder eng@geable with an anni-ilar shoul@er on said ferrlile for 55 moving the same along the tube, means for movi@ig the split die and said ferrule toward said body whereby said flare mouth will contract said feirule upon said tube, said tapered shoulder having radial ed.@lls formed by sai-d splits, said tipered shoulder havin- a diameter m,hen the 60 s--gments are in said oi-itward posi@,on greater than a cor respond-l-@ig diameter on said ferrule shoulder wbereby when said se@@ments are in said inward radial position said interral tapered sboulder will contact said ferrule at said cor@-esr)onding diameter only at lo--ations interC)G mediate said r,@dial edges. 13. A tool in accordance with claim 12 in which said die se.-Ments have opposed circumferential ends and in which said bore in said die when the die sea ents are in said outward positioti has a raditis greater than the radius 70 of the outer surface of the tube wliereby when said die segments are in said inward radial position the inner longitudinal edges of said circumferential ends are out of contact Nvith said tube. 75 14. A tool for atlaching a Lerrule to a tube compris-

3,201,859 ing a body having a recess, @@n annular, die -within said recess, said die having an operiing for re.ceiving the -tube to which the ferrule is to be attached, said opening in,- cluding a tapered flare mouth facing outwarldly of -said recess, a nut threadedly at tached to said boldy, a multiple 5 segment split die within said nut and having a bore fo r receiving said,tube, -said split die @having a shoulder facing said annular die and against which said fei-rule is adapted to abut, @ said spl@t die being movable by said nut toward said annular die as said nut is threaded onto said 10 body-for moving -said ferrule against said flare niouth whereby said flare mouth will contract said ferrule upon said tube, said nut having an indicator mark a-t a point on said nut radially spaced from the axis of the nut @thread said nut having a second mark the reon radially spaced 15 from said axis and angularly spaced from said indicator mark @an . amount corresponding to the proper angulat turning of said nut from a finger tight position upon said body for obtaining a predeterrnined grip by -@jaid - gripping 9 means upon a tube. 0 15. A tool for attaching ferrules to ti-lbes comprising -a body, said body including means for receivin.- otie of a plurality of interchange@ble dies each having an opening for receiving -ttibes to each of which a ferrule is to be attached, a nut threadably attached to said body, 25 each die opening merging into a tapered i'lared mouth opening divergingly toward said nut outwardly of said receiving means a die within said nut, said die having a bore for receiving the tubes, the die @ within gaid nut being movable by said nut toward a selected one of said 30 interchangeable dies as said nut is threaded onto said body for moving a ferrule -against the flared-mouth, said nut having dn indi6ator mark at a point on said nut radially, spaced from the axis of thenut,thread, said nut having at least @a s'ecofid iri@rk thereon radially spaced from s id axis and angularly spaced from,said indicator a mark the spacing between said di at @n c or and second marks being of an amount corresp6nding to the proper aiigular turning 6f said nut from a finge,r tight position upon said-b6dy for obtaining a -pre(letermined tightening of the ferrule upon the 'tube, 'and said ang-alar spacing being directly related to the diamleter and size of the ferrule@and tube bein.- attached by the tool. References Cited by the,Examiner UNITE-D STATFS PAT-GNTS 1,3Zl,324 11/19 Nelson. 213 3 3; 120 11/43 Park6r. 2,355,871 8/44 Kraft -------------- 285-343 X @2,356,470 8/44@ Pelzer.ot al. 21381,748 8/45 Howe ------------- 29-451 X 21533,943 12/50 Klein. 2,544,522 @3151 Bertelsen -------- 29-407 21639,754 5153 Macy. 2 739,373 3/56 Kane ----------------- 29-237 2"920,384 1/60 Fasoli et al - ----------- 29-407 21943,528 7/60 Curry ----------------- 85--62 FOREIGN PATENTS 54,812 6/23 Sweden. WHITMORE A. WILTZ, Primary Examiner.

United States Patent Office 31201,859 3,201,359 FERP.ULE ]?.'ZESET'EING TOOL John H. Stanley, Eilelid, OWO, gssig"Lor to PIrkerHannifin Corporat@on, Cleveland, Oldo, a corporation of Ohio Filed May 6, 1960, Ser. No. 27,422 15 Cl-ims. (C]. 29-202) This invention relates to hand tools for applying ferrules to tubes and is r@iore particularly directed to a tool whi.-h utilizes replaceable die elements for accommodatin- various sizes of tubes and correspondinl- s;zes of ferrules. Tube cotiplings wb-'@ch -rip and seal tubes by means of a ferrule coiitracted upon the tube so that it is unnecessary to perform a flaring operation upon the tube are well known in the art and are comnonly refered to as flareless couplings. In order to oltain the maximum grip upon the tube for preventing pullotit, and for obtaining a positive fluid ti.-ht joint with the tube even though iiiere may be surfac.- in-iper,ections in the tube, it - is a preferred practice to titilize fiareless couplings in which the forward e-@id of the ferrule is moved along the tube and is cammed inwardly against the tube at the same time so that the forward edge of the ferrule will cut or shear its way inco the outer surface of the tube to fori-n a holding shou-der therein. A Iarciess couplin,- of this type is shown, for example, in the United States PT@ent No. 2,496,510 of J. N. Wolfram, dat-,d r-ebruary 7, 1950. In flare'ess coupl@@'ngs o'L this type the ferruie is driven along the tube by a nut which has threaded connect@'on with a body member and the body has a tapered flare mouth which cams the front erd of the ferrule against the tube. When coapli@i@ tubes of relatively hard material, such as stainless ste.-I, considerable camming force is required to be exerted by the body f-lare mouth for contractiiig the front ei-id of the ferrule into cutt;ng er, gagement with the tube. This hi.-h force may rsult in goug,ng of the -fl@ire modth by the ferrtile and also may result i@l spread;@n_g of the body portion slround:lng the ferrule so as to cause a bindin- of the threaded conneetion between the nut and body, unless the body is made bf a hard. or heat treated material and is made with sufficient sectlon to provide enough strength to prevent spreading. To avoid these detrimental effects witliout resortin@ to hard or heat treated materials for the body, which adds cons;derably to the cypense, and to keeo the size of the body within reasor@able liniits, tLe set'tin- of the ferrule upon the tube may be accomplished in a tool made for this purpose. The coupling body and nut then need exert only eno,,igli force upon the ferrule to hold it i-@i its preset position upo-Ti the tube. Bei'Ore presetting a ferru!e on each end of a tube which has b,- en out to length and, if necessary, pro,.3erly bent to fit the int-- rd-@d instal@lation, the nut for the coupling to be connected to each end of the tube must be first slipped over the tube and pushed back from the end of distance suffic-'Lent to -,Ilow insertion of the ferrule to its proper position on the tube end and also to all.ow application of ti-ie ferrule presettin@ tool to the tube end. The couphng nut has a bor.- therethrough which closely fits the tube outer diameter aid therefore the nut can@iot be pushed onto bent port;ons of the tube wliere the tube be slightly ilattened or out of ro,,ind dLe to bendin-. Oftentimes it is desira@ole to beid the t@,ibe as closely as poss-iblic to the couplings to be installed "hereon. This means that the ferrule presetting tool should be of such design as to perinit the coiiplin.- nut to be as close as possible to the ferrule when the ferrule is bei@-ig preset upon the tube by the tool. It is an object oL' the present invention to provide a Patented Aug. 24, 1965 2 ferrule presetting 'Lool which may be quickly applied and removed from the tube and ferrule assembly. It is another object to provide a tool of the typ-- descr;bed v,,h,'ch comprises common nut and body port-tons an@ replace'able die elements for accommodating various sizes of tubes and corresponding sizes of ferrules. It is another object to provide a hand type ferrule presett;ng tool in which the parts may be sufficiently heavy so that ftill pressure may be applied for forcing the ferrule 10 i-@ito seal@ing and holding engagement with the tube withou-t spreading or damaging the tool parts. It is a-Tiother obj.-ct to provide a readily portable hand tool of the type d--scribed in which the die elements may be readily removed from the tool nut and body portions 15 and in which the tool may be used, in close quarters in actual tubin@ installations. It is another object to provide a hand tool of the typv described in wbich the nut and body portions of the tool may be made oi. relat-1veiy soft and inexpensive material, 20 si-,ch as cold rolled, steel, and in which only the replaceab@'e die elements are of hardened steel. It is another object to provide a tool of the type descr'ibed in which a stop means is provided for limitin.tle amount which the tool contracts the ferrule upon 25 the tube. It is another object to provide a ferrule presetting tool haviii.- a split d-le insertible on the tube end behind the ierrale and with a nut fitting around the split die and engageable therewith for advancing it toward the ferrule, 30 ihe n@,it having an internal diameter greater than the lar,-est diameter of the coupling nut wliereby when the coupling ntit is positioned closely behind the split die the tool riut may be passed back over the coupling nut to permit removal of the split die -'Lrom the tube after the presetting 35 operation. It is another object to provide a split die for a ferrule presettina tool in vihich provision is made for preventing the @@plit ed- s of the die from coming in contact with e the ferrule or tube and thus avoid scoring or gouging 40 th@-reof during the presetting operation. It is another object to provide a means for indicating when the ferrule has been preset a predetermined amount upoi a tube. Other objects of the inver@tion will be apparent from 45 'Lhe following description and from the drawings in which: FIG. I is a longitudinal cross section view of the tool i-ii position on a tube and ferrule assembly for starting the presetting operation. FIG. 2 is an end view alono- the lines 2-2 of FIG. 1. @o FIG. 3 is an end view along the lines 3-3 of FIG. 1. FIG. 4 is a cross section view showing the ferrule in full preset position on the tube, and also showing in phintom outline the position of the coupling n,,it and _ tool nut when the tool is to be removed from the tube 50 after the presetting operation. FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross section view along the lines 5-5 of FIG. 1. The tool includes a body member 10 having a hexagon 11, or other polygonal nortion, at one end and a thread 60 12 at -its other end. The poly.-onal portion 11 is for gripping the tool by means of a vise or wrench. The body 10 has a bore 13 at one end and a recess 14 at the other end with a transverse shoulder 15 at the bottom of the recess. 65 Moiinted in a recess 14 with a loose sliding fit therein is an annular die member 17 having a bore 18 and an openin.- for receiving a tube, the opening comprising a shoi-t cylindrical bore 19, and a tapered flare mouth 20. 70 The bore 19 of the die member 17 is of a diameter to closely fit the outside diameter of a tube 29 of a size corresponding to the size of the diameter 17. The bore

4 serted into die 17 until the, end of the tiibe strik-es the stop shouider 21. The tool nut,24 is then brought up to tool body 10 and threaded thereupo n@ ContiilLi ed threadin g of the nut onto the body meniber 10 causes the tapered shoulder 31 of the die member 27 to engage the rear end of the -'Lerrule to driye - .t forward along the tube. As the ferrtile moves forward, it-s front edge portion 37 is contracte d agiinst the tube by the action of the tapered flare mouth 20, causing the edge 37 to ellit its way into the tube 10 to form a sealinand holding shoulder therein. At the same time, the rear end of the ferrule will be contracte d a - limited:ext ent into vibration dampenin g engageme nt with the 29 due to the I inward cammin-g action of the tapered surface 31. 1,@ The parts are so propbrtio ned that the ferrule will be '- co@itracted iipon the tube the proper @mount, before the front surface 32 of the split die member @abuts.th e upper surface 23 of the tool body 10, the operator utilizing the indicator marks hereinafte r described for determinin .- the 20 proper amount of tightening . If exc6ssive tightening torque is applied, ihe surface@ 32 will butt against surface . 23 to prevent overti-ghtenina to the extent of causing damage. @ Becaus e of the relative bardne ss ;@nd heavy section of 25 the die members 17 dnd 27, the cam surfaces 20 and 31 will not be -Quct with @ e d b y t h e h e a v y p r e s s u r e c o n t a the adjacent portions of the ferrule 36, nor will die member 17 be expanded outwardl @ to stick within the recess 14. Th e di e m e m b er 2 7, si nc 6 it is s pl it in to t w o ha lv es , 30 will tend to expand by separatio n of the two halves, as illastrated by the gap 39 in FIG. 4, due to pressure of the, rear end of the ferrule against the tapered surface 31. However, the, outer diameter 38 of the split die 27 is a close sliding fit within counterbore 33 6f the nut so that 35 only a limited predeterm ined iexpaiisio n occurs bel@Ore further separation and expansibn of the two halves is prevented by contact with the nut counterbore 40, as shown in FIG. 4. Such expansion and contact with the nut counterbore 40 is not detrimental since upon relief of 40 pressure by unthreadin . the nut, the die segments will readily move radially iriward again under influence of garter spring 34 and the parts will not stick within the tool nut 24. After the nut has been threade d (into the body a sufflcie nt distanc e to properl y preset the ferrule 36 upon the 45 tube Z9, the@ nut is unthreade d from the body 10 and moved back along the tube and off from the split die 27. The tube 29 with the attached ferrule is then removed from the die 17. The two halves of the split die member 27 are then separated against the tension of@ the garter 50 @pring 34 a sufficient amount for clearin-. the ferrule 36 and the die member 27 is slipped off the tube and the tool is ready for,reuse. It will be noted that th- bore 13 throug h the body membe r 10 is of larger diamet e@ than bore 18 throug h 55 the die 17i In the event the die rnember 17 should stick within the recess 14 because of foreign, matter lodging in the slidin @ g fit between the two parts, or because of nicks or other damage to the parls, the die member 17 may be readily knockdd out of the recess 14 by means of a 60 p,nch or a rod inserted throligh the bore 13 into abutment with the lower end of the die IL7. Anothe r. feature of the inventi on is the provisi on of a means and method for indicati ng when the nut has been tighten ed the prop--r amount for obtaini ng a predet ermine d 65 deformati on of.the. ferrule against the tube, and consequently a predetermined grip of the ferrule upon the tube. To accomplish this, the, outer transverse surface of the nut is provided with an indicator mark 43, which in this 70 instance is in the form of an arrowheal d. This mark is radiallv sdaced from:the loligitudinal or tuming axis of the nut. The nut is also provided with secondary marks such as After the split die 27 and the ferrule 36 are in their 44, 45, and 46. T'hese secondary marks are likewise radiapproximate position on the tube end, the latter is iii- 7,5 Ally spaced from the axis of the nut and are angularly 19 at its.lower end terminates. in a tr@nsverse shoulder 21 which is preferably formed with a reverse taper of approximately 15', as shown. The die member 17 is, pref@ erably made of a high carbort steel hardened thro7igh@. out, or of some other hard alloy. In some instances it may be made of a softer steel and surface hardened such as by carbonizing. In either case, the die member 17 is made with a heavy enough cross section so that it will not appreciably expand in diameter in the region of the flare mouth 20 so as to stick within the body ree6ss 14 when used for assemblying a ferrule to the tube. Threaded to the body 10 is a nut 24 having a bore, 25 and a transverse clamping shoulder 26. Mouhted within the nut 24 is an annular die member 127 split lengthwise into two segments. The die niembe@ 27 has a bore 28 for @receiving a tube 29 of a @ size corresponding to the size of the die member 27. The latter also has a bore 30 which terminates in @ tapered abutment shoulder 31. On its external surface the split die member 27 has an anpular groove 33 for receiv@ink a garter spring 34. for holding the two h'alves of.the split die member 27 together when removed from the nut 24. As shown in FIG. 5, the semicircular bore portion 28 in each segm-,nt is on a radius 28a sli.-htly larger than the radius 28b of the buter diametor of the, tube 29 so that@ When the two seanients - are brought together the corners 28c and 28d of the segtnents will be clear of the tube so as not to score or gouge into the same. Likewise, the tapered abutment shoulder-31 is -on a radilis lar-ger thati the corresponding ta@ered surface of forrule 36 so that the edges 28e of the tapered shoulder 31 will remain out of contact with the tapered shoulder of the ferrule so as not to score or dig into the ferrule. In other words, when the die segme ' nts 27 are brought radially together to their proper position about the tube, there will be circular lines on tapered die surface 31 which corresponds to circular lines on the tapered shoulder of the ferrule but on a larger radius whereby the circular lines will contact only at locations intermediate the radial edgp-s 28e of t,he,tapered surface 31 and such radial edges 28e will remain out of contact with the ferrule shoulder.. The opposed faces 28f, 28g of the split die member 27 are cut back so that they will not come together in the normal fit o'L the split die members 27 over the tube and ferrule but will remain separated by a few thousandths of an inch. I, this connection, it is pointed o-ut that the width of the split, that is the distance between the faces 28f, 28g and the differential between radii 28a and 28d, as well as behind radii 28h of ferrule 36 and 281 of surface 31 are exa@gerated in the drawings so as to clearly illustrate the construction. To operate the tool, a.set of die members 17 and,27 are selected corresponding to the size of the tube 29 upon which a tube coupling ferrule 36 is to be as sembled. @With the nut 24 and body 10 unthreaded from each other, the die member 17 is placed into recess 14 as shown in FIG. I A coupling nut 16 and the tool nut 24 are then slipped over the tube end and moved back, as shown in phantom in FIG. 4 ' so that the spiit die segments 27, held together by garter spnng 34, and ferrule 36 may be slipped onto the tube to their proper pbsition. The bore 25 in the tool nut 24 is larger in diameter than the largest transverse dimension of coupling nut 16 so that the tool nut may pass thereover. This permits the coupling @nut 16 to be inoved back along the tube only the amount necessary tO .be out of the way of split die member 27. Since the coupling nut 16 nofmally will not pass over bends in the tube, the bend in the tube must be located far enough back from the tube end to perinit the coupling nut to be moved to the position shown in phantom in FIG. 4. Since the coupling nut 24 has relatively large bore 25 it may b . passed over coupling nut 16 and bends in the tube to an desired location. y 3,201;859

5 spaced from the arrow 43 a predetermined amount corresponding to the prop-,r angular tuming of the nut from the finger tight position Lipon the body 10 for obtainin.a predetermined deformation of the ferrule 36 and hence apredetermined grip by the ferrul-. i[pon the tube. - The mark 44 is for indicating the proper tightening of the nut when tubes of sizes 2 or 3, and inserts 17 and 27 and a ferrule 36 of corresponding size, are iised. Likewise, rnark 45 is used when the inserts ferrule, and tube are of size 4 or 5. Mark 4-5 is used w@en the ferrule and inserts are for size 6 tube. Additional markin-s for other corresponding tube sizes may be added as desired. To utilize the indicating marks when the tool has been assembled with a tube of selected size and witli corresponding size inserts and ferrule, the nut is threaded oilto body 10 to the finger tight position as shown in FIG. 1. At this time, the angular position of arrow 43 with respect to body 10 is observed. The nut is then tightened with a ,vrer.ch byturniii.- it unt@'I tha mark 44, 45, or 46, whichever correspoiids to the selected tube size, occupies the observed position of arrow 43 when the nut was in the finger tight position. This method of indicatin.a the proper tightening of the ntit m,,iy be applied to an acttial coupling as well as to a presetting tool. Thus, if a regular tube coupling body be substituted for the tool body 10 and insert 17, and a regular tube coupling nut be substitii@ted for the ntit 24 and insert 27, the markin.as 43 and the particular mark 44, 45, or 46 correspondin,@ to the particular size of tube coupling, may be applied to the regular tube coupling nut and observed in the same way as described above for determining the proper tightening of the nut beyond the finger tight position. Although one form of the invention has been illustrated and described, it is apparent that various modifications c,,in be made in the detail embodiment withotit departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the claims. I