[1]Patented July 24, 1928. 11678)152, UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. HAROLD G. MARTIN, OF PHILA.DFLPHIA@ Pr,,NNSYLVANIA, AND XICI-IAEL I H. NEWGIRG, OF BALTIMORE, MARYLANB)'ASSIGNORS TO MARTIN & NEWGIRG, INC, OF BALTIMORE, XARYLAND, A CORPORATION OF DIARYLAND. BEAR.ING. 'Application filed February 19,1924. Serial No. 693,872. This inveiition rel,,ites to an improvement in be,,triiigs designed iiiore p,,irtictilarly for Ilse in connectioii Nvitli locomoti-,-es and constructed ivith t vie-w to avoididg serious obc) jectioiis,present in the stand-,trdized tvi)e of slieli bearings. Ordiiiarily bearings of this ch,,iracter haATe their relativel)7 oiitei- oi- I)ct-x on(,a(,ino- surfaces of- the s,,tiiie n-iaterial as trle betrings io ordii-iarilit known as "brllt,3s" ,iild this wliether the bea@in(y is of the solid brass type or whether .9-Lich begrin- colitains an ei-nbedded reinforce oT' a different iiietal to protect the be,,tring a(yaii,.ist bi,eak,,Lge. i-) These beariii-s, p,,trticularly in the 6,ise of the crown beariri(y are foi-ced into the box u,ncler great pressure, and as the oliter brass stil.face of the bearin(,, is natui@ally intich sof-ter than the inetal of t-he box I t,liere is a 20 shearing actioii of this bras@- iiiateritl of the bearing ,is it is forced into the box, which of itself resi-ilts ordiiitrily in a. perfect fic wlie,n the bearino, is fli-st, applied. lIo)i,ever, the coiistant pouiadinu to ii,hich these bear2.5 ings ancl particul,,tii@'tlie crown bearin(y is ectec subj I iii action tends to gradually COII'Lpress tlle brass mate@ial, )vith the i-estilt that the fit of the . bearin@, in tl-ic box is properly iii,iintained for a coi-np,,tra,tivel@y slioi-t perioa 3o of use. There is aiiother aiid iiiil)oittnt re,ison for this lack of pi@oper lit following a short use of the beai,ii-ig, in that the ]Dearincr bo.xl oi@dinarily of steel, I's li@ tl-ie o@dinary t3,pe of bearing bi-ougl-it iiito direct 35 coniact ivith tl-ie b-ras-s on the otiter Slirfac(l, of ti-le beariilg. This -places iii cont,,ict twe, li'letals of ividely diA7er-ent coefricients of exansion Lnd coiitraction and as the @etrinogoe0iiies heited in use and cooled, followij-i@3, Li , ernqte val@ied exp,,.nsion 4.o s(,, there i.s ,tii Ili "und contraction of the iiietals foriiii.i-i, the bc,,i,ring tiicl box aiid a coiisequelit looseness in the fit of the bc@,@ring. It is the.,@@ef-ore on(,@ of the pi@incipttl objects 45 ol! tlle present iiiventioii to provide a briss be,irino,-, otheiivise sttndai-d, ivitli a iiiet,,tllic rei force of ,i str,engthening met,,il, ,tnd per- 11 ,,,,It this reinforce to form, ivholly or in part, the i-elatiltely outer surface OT the brqss 50 beariiig. The reinforce is foriiied with 6penii,ig@s, tl-irough wl-deh the brass flows in casting, to iiitim,-Ltely coniiect the reinforce aiid brass, but the ess6ntial object @is the utilizlation of the . reinforce, preferably, .t steel plate that is, of 'ii I si -iilar inaterial to that of the box as a direct bearing surface against ,-he iii,tal of the box. Thu.-, -%vheii the bei,@iing is foi-ced into POSition, as iii a erbwn bear ing, or otherwise a,pplied as in the con-, necti iig i,od or the bearings or bushincys for 60 the parallel rodg, the contact betweeii the bras s bearing proper and the box is that directli r resulta,nt froin close eno-a(remeht of exac tly simil,,tr iii(-,tqls so tli@'t tinder 'the heati iig aria coolin(y of the bearino, and box (35 the coeMci(@i-its of expansion aiid c-ontrlaction of th(3 conttet@ino-- n-iet,als is exactly the sanie henc e there is no tendency to looseness as a reslil t of this co@traction and expansion. F urtheriiiore, tnd more particularly in 7 0 conn ection with the crowi-i bearing, expei@ionce has denionstrated that by reason of the pou nding incident to the@ pla@ of the -",I-ieels a Iiigh spot gradtiall3T develops iii tl'le longitticliii al center of the betrin- at the highest point , and as the bearing ivears in us6, this Iiigh spot c@tuses a potinding of @ the bearing. T@i e ini,ention is also designed t6 take (@are of this object by provicling the er6wn beil'- ing particularly, and others whei-e necessary 80 with a; longitudinally e@,Ktendii-ig recess of al)pr eci,,tble depth,, cut in the inner Su'i-f@ice of the bcai-ing to climintte iiietal tlirotighout the area in the,ordinary beariii(y, the Iiigli @pot is forined., This provision s5 permits tl,i6 bearing to wear true eveh tinder the usual play, as the li'letal -which would othernvise teni to foriii the high spot is entirely elililinated. and the spindle rolls triie tlirougl-iout the @ull bearing stirface of the go I)eai-i6(),. TI-iis- recess or ch,@nnel wl-iil@ pi-ir@,,ti,-iiy for the purpose of. avoidinz' the hi so of s L III sp@t, is al erit ice in receiA,-iii@ and storii n@y eitlieiindii-ectly oi- as a result of dii-ect al)pliclttioii, ,t quillitity of Itibrieaiit 95 fol. the bel@tilin(l. As prelTiol.isT@ stited, crown bearings are tpplied to the box undei- ci-eat pi@essiire,@as much as thirty tons pressui@e being - Lised, and these beai-in@ys are ext,reinely liea-%@ir it is 100 zn iii connection witli tl-ie standardized betring, a tedious and lengthly operation to reli'love these bearings, necessitating the reniovin(y of the wheels@ in'practically every inst,,tnee@ The present invention aims also 105 to, utilize the reijiforce as a means for: as-
[2]1,678,152 sistin(,y in reinovii-i- the be,,tring, to thereby permit the removtl of tl-ie beat-in- - Nvitlio-Lit n i,eiiioval of the Niheels. FLirtheriiiore, the reiiiforce projection utilized in connection ,5 with the i-emoval of the bearing is,also in the ent inven't,'Ion titilized as a naeans for fixillg the be,,ti,ing agtinst possibility of latei-al displacenaeiit, tliereby peri@iitting the bearing to reinain effective notavi-tlisttndlo in(y t ivear therein, ivhlch -would otlierwise tend to @t looseness, and, a possible displacei-Dent o-l' the bearing. n The inveiitio in its apl)lic,,ttion to be,,tring,@@ (lesi(yned particularly for use in l6c6- 1.1 motives, is illustra-ued in the accoinpaiiying clr,,tNvings, in IAIIIieh Ficr. I is a view in elev,-Ltion slioivin- a n zn crowl'i beariii- constructed iii accqrdance 'th tli preseiit inveiition ,ind in place in iil e 20 the box; Fig. 2 is a longitticlin,,tl section of the sanie. Fig 3 is ,t bottom plan vieiv of tl-ie croivri bearing. 25 Referl"ln(y more particularly to Figs. I a 2, and 3, 1 erein a croivn beariiig is shoi-@,ii, such bepriin(y col-nprises a. metallic reinforce 1, preferably of steel or siiiiilar i-iietal, ii,e I-ormed Ni-itli ol)ej-ilD(,Ys 2, arra (r cl in -,tp-y 30 re-tilar or iri-eo-ul,,ii- oi-der, End in relative size or sizes, tlii'oLLo-li which tl-ie liiatei,iil 3 is @ ad,%pted to flow in the casting of the brass -",ith the reinf6ree in forn-i;,ng the, belring@ It will be particularly@ noted 'from -15 Fig. 2 6f the drawin'-s that this reinforce section I pi@ovides the direct stirflee, bearing a(rainst the iiiner surf,-tee 4 of the box 5, 't -id tli,@it as preferred tl-iis reinf6ree met,,tl i 1 is of sir.,lilar iiiaterial to that of the bo-x, 40 iistially steel. The box and bearing are of standard 'Lormation, in that the beariii(y receii,ino-- surface of the box has the usual shotilders 6, i'vitli ivhich the end edges of the be,,iriiig eii(r,,ige when tl-ie bearing is forced 4F) into p6sition. As prei,iously desci,ibed, the use of the cro-l@lln bearin(y of staiid,,irdized forna, usually restilts iii a hip@h spot longitlidinally of the bearino- at the Iiigl-iost point thereof, - ,iid vo ,)O to ,t icl this Iiigh spot, the improved bear ing is foriiied witli a longitudin,,Llly extend in- i-ece-,s 7 throtigliout this Iiigh @i)ot are AA,-iiieh recess is i)referably tlio-Ligh iiot neces sarily of sligl-itly oreater -wicltli and dept 53 at the inner end of tlie bearing tli,,tn ,Lt the outer end, as clearly showii in Fig. 2. To provide for conienient reinoval of the 1)6,,t.riiig, the reinforce I is extended at the inner eiid of the bearing be ond tl-io brass y 60 and box to provide a flan(y ,le S, ancl this fl,gn-e is formed witli a sei-ies of openiiigs, 9 ivl-iieh in addition to receivinu the coiineetion of tl-ie turn buckle orcliii"Lr'ily eniployed in reiaaoving tl-ie bearino, is, also ,idliptecl 65 to I)r6vicle a n-leans for xiiig;the beari , ncr a a iihol ith relation t tl-ie box Lg,,Linst s e w 0 clisplaceiiient ivitliout reuai-d to the loosezn iess resliltin(y froiii iietr. For this p-Lir @-I pose, the box,inay be provided Nvitli an L-sliapecl strip 10, the 1,,ttei-al portion of Nihlieli is e- 70 sigi-ied to oiierlie@ ,inc-I cohtact Avitli the reiiiforce flanee,S xvlien the,bear@ii- is in place, 'lie 1,@terariDortion of this st@.I'p @eing f6riiied ivith ol)eni@-i(ys 11 to register -",itli certaiii of the openii-io-s 9 iii the reinforce flan(ye to per- 75 init the ill@OrtiOD Of, riVeLS 12 or oth6r appi@opriate securing means. In the iii1proved croail'l bearing as described it. -Nvill be noted that the bearing whon ,ti)-Dlic,,d lias that si-irf,,tce ,Ldapted to 80, contact witl-i tl-ie surface of the box of substaiiti,,tlly the same material as tlittt of the box, ivith the result that when the bearinc, is forced into posi' there is see ulon, urc,,cl a i-fiost intimate I-rictlon,,il e-ngageluent of 81 these @iiietals and iiiore particulatly as the beai@in(, heits ancl cools, tliere, is littl6 I i,-t b i I i i'@ Y of the sepa-atioli of the reinforce -iet@Ll of the bo@, s the coand colattetin(y ii a cl@heients of expaiision and contracti6n of 90 tl-iese ii-iateri als is subst,,tiitially the saine. PAurtl-iermore, the pron,ision of the recess 7 b3T elilninltt.ino- tl-ie iiietal whibh is otlierisc,, stibject iv ar :and 'the restilt iN, ed to less e ant foriiiat-ion@ of 9, high spot, causes the 1)5 beai--incr to Avlear ti7LL,-- aiid absolutely preoriiiation. This recess ted for the accua sui.table. lubricait cation of the bearing. loo The provision of the fl,tnue 8 ,is an extension of tl-ie reinforce provides f6r tl-ie renioval of th bearing 1 hotit the neces 'ty of remove w Si in- the iil-i6els the only reqttirement bein(r -1 tD to 'jacli: up tlle, bod@ froin the wlieel spindle 105 nd ex rt a siiffici iit. p Lill upon the beafing a e e throLi,-Ii ,tppr6pri,,it6 riieahs connected in the openincrs 9, 6f the reiilforce fl-@D(re 8. This flan@),e 9 also serves as a means for positivel i I y fxlno@ the b6arino- a(yainst lolig@itudinal dis- 110 placement und-.r ,tny conditions of ive,,ir or use aud in thi co i'l s n ection it may be,prefe@red to provide additional s6curiiig means, stich for ex@ainl)le, as tlireaded bolts lo@ -which m e ai-e traliped iiito opeiiings for ed@ dt th 115 jlincture of the loiver edoes of the bearing aiid the box, these o enii@@s beino- of course p , P"@rtly fori-ned iii the: beariiig@ and partly in tlic box. Of course it is to be tinder stoocl that the 120 reinforce ha's the desired ,iiid importalnt f-Linctioii of so streii,7thenino; the brass as to I)revent fracture of the@ be,,t@incr in Lise. Staii.d,.ii.dized bearilias coiistrticted wliolly rt lif of brass having comparatively slic incident. in tl-ie crolvn beiring@ to the fracture of the brass ai-id in the connectiiig rocl beurings and btisl-iings to stieli wear,@ as to render tlien-1 too loose to provide safe, operation. Tlie reiiiforce tends to@ nt thi 130 preve s vents tile I-iio is alqo conv i-n7Lil,,ition or to assi.4 in
