clepai,tiii o, fr6ni the scope of the inventlion ed iii the appended cl,,i' Nvhich is clefin iin,,. What is clai.med is: 1. A Avater lieater 6r the like, comprisino, a ineiiibei- coinposed of inaterial 'Whicli is @ 'goocl conductor of lleat liavin(y one side adapted foi, tlieriiial conttct witli the inaterl,,tl to be heated; aiid a plurality of lio ' rizont,,tlly ai@i@anged absorbino, fiias ul)oii the otlier 70 side, the s,,iid fins len t@ consti-ucted that g so e,Ct(,ih fiii Ila-, siibst'Illtlally the same condlictiii(y ctpELcity aseach oi' the otliei- fins, -bu t so tiiat tile Sel-eril fiiis -liave different heat absoi-biii,@- surfaces e,--posed to the lieat carrying 15 2. A ivater lieater or the like of the ch,(tr,- a tubtil icter described coinpi@isiiio ai, illeinb(,,r, ad,,tl)ted to receivc@@ he,.it froiii a lieat cai-ryiiig illediiii-ii p,,issin- tlieretliroiio:li; an'cl a pl.iii-,,Il2,0 ity of lieat absoi-bing iiiei-il%ers Ayithiii sai,cl tubular member, oiei@ Avliicii the heat carryie in@, rnediun-i pas 'Is it 1),,tss s through the ses' ' sai@l ttibular ineiiiber, ill of the s,,iid lielit absoi,bing n-ieiiil)ei-s liavin(r siib,,,taiitially the me condiietiv(@ ut each of the 5 sa capaci@ ),, b said meilibers h e avii,iu i. differ nt absorbing surface. 3. A 'water beater or the lil@e of the cliar"leter described coinpi@isine, a tiibiilar menl_ 10 ber adapted to receive he,,i@l-roiii a lie,.it carryinz mediiiiii p,,issiiig theretlivougli; and a plur,ilitv of I)ei@forat@e@l - ,creen tl-ierein, comPosed o@L material ivhich is a good concluctor of heat, the screens being so constrticted that rp all of the screens li,,tve siiDst,,tilti,,tlly the same concluctive cat)acitv but that screeii ivitl-i iv,liieli the lie@t ca@'r'ying mediiiin first coiit,qci-s 'llas tlae least stirface a,i.,ea, tli(@ siic(leecls(@i,eens lia,viii g progi-essively increasing 40 sti@f,,ice areas. 4. A iyater heater or the like of tl)e cliarub 5 ,,,ctei, (.Iescribed, coiiiprisiii,- a t ul,,tr shell - a tti,i,)e coiuposed of -niaterial ivhich is a good conductor of lieat positioiied ivithin s,,iid t-Libular sliell and spaced tlieref rom to pr6vide a ,@@rater receia-ing space; a pltirality of copper gai.ize partitions -v@ithin s,,tid tube, and in o@O d thern-ialconiiectioii tbereivith, ill of @leo said pirtitions havilig stibstantiall)T the r) 0 saine condtictive citpacit.)r, blit tli(,, stiecessive pai@tit.ioiis beiii@-r compose(i of galize of varyiligr mesli the irl-an(-enieii,t being stiel-i that@ th(@, 1),i.rtitions are, of pi,ogi,essively inei,easilig n,iesli; aild ineaiis for passing a lieat c,,ti-rving inediiiiii tliroiigli the ftibe,, Illild the@ pai-tiiions r t,IIE,@reil'i, the i@,@titioii-, being so arraiiged that the successive pa,i.@titions incre@asiiig surface areas to the ileat cari.@Nri.iioI zn mediiiiii passilig therethrougl-i. 9( 5. A ivater beater or tll-- like of the character desci-ibed, coiiipi-isiiig ,t ttibular sliell; ,i. tiibe, coli-il)6sed of t i-naterial. wliiel@l. is a oood colidiieto-r of lieat spaced froiii qaid slic!ll to pi@ovide ,t water receiving space; ind I a plurality of partitions -within said tube, said, P,,trtitions being coinposed of c (rau,7,e, the ioavei-iiiost of said partitiolis ng @tibstantially eighlb iiiesh, and eacli succeed partition, beino- of progi,essi-Nre,13, illci-eELsiiig iiiesli, -witli File upperiiio St substanti,ally 70 thirty illesh. 6. A ivater he,,iter or t,lie like, of tiie cliar, er d s ibecl, coiiii)risiiig a ttibulai, sliell; a tct e er secon(I tubtilai- sliell positioned tlierein, with the ivalls of the tiv 0 sliells spaced apai-t to '15 foi-ni a ivater receivin(- sp,,tce iiilet and outlet I)ipes con ected to II said space; L plul-ality of ttibes, coiiiposed of mat(,@i,itil ii,liicii is a good conductor of helt I)ositioned betiveen the tivo shells, oiie eiid of etcli of the tul)es ol)en-@ 80 iii(r iiito tl-ie sp,,tce within the inner of the sai(I tubtilar sliells aiid tlie otlier Cild of eacli of the said tubes opeiiino; iiito the space irolind the oiiter of sitid t@iblil@ir sliells; and a pliirality of Ni,ii-e screens iiithiii eticii of4@85 ,,,aicl tubes iiiid Lliei,iiiaII3, (,(,,rinectG@d to said s zn tubes, Sllid creeias 1)@oin(- collipose(I of iiiaterii'L -",Iiieli is a good coiiductor o-f lieat and ea(!h siieceediiig se een t)eiii of I)io(ri-ess I in,ely zn iiici easino, iiiesli. go -ater lie t the like, of the 7. I-V v,,@ a ei, or char,icter described. coiiiprising a I)e,,it con'cltictin(-, iiiember li,,tviiig one side tliei,eof adapted foi, therinal contact iiith the lieat cair3,iii(Y medi.Lili-i; c pet-foratecl 1)@@ti,titioii I)ositione 05 ivitliiii said lieat coiidlicting m(,iiifier, tin(.1 a ceiitrally ai-ran d plat(@, cariie(i b.@r stiid parge tition for defle,@tiilo,- heat(@(@l g,,Is ])"Issing tliro-Li('h it t6ivard the ot-itei., pol@tion 'o@f sai'd perforated i)ai,titioii. i(O 8. ,@V 'water heater or the lil@e, of tlie, cliaracter described, conil)risiiig t ttil)Lilail niei-riI)ei-, liai-iii(, one side tlieieoi' "1(1"tpted for tlieriiia zn 9 I coiitact )Vitli hot isec, ol@ tiie like, and a perfor-,tted screen al.-r no,e(i acrogs the patli of 105 tiittvel o-f tlie, liot tii(I to divicle the s,,iid g,,@ises into Iiiie streaiiis to effect intituate coi-itact o-F the sttid gases )Vitli tlle stirf,,ice of the screefil tliu@ beiii,-, so pi@oportiolied aiici so coiineet6i to the said 110 tubiil,,ir inc@mber tllat it I)tts a trtlnsferi-iiig capacity coia-iiiiGn,@@iii@,,tte Nvitli its lieat absor@)in,(),, cap,@city. c)f the ebai,- 9. A ivater li'eat(,r or tli(,, lil@el acter described, coiiiprisiiig a tii]@)iilar i-n(,,m- 115 ber adal)ted to liaa,e licated ases pass tlieretlirbtigli, .t pliii@ality of @'i-i(,@,ttcoiidlictinLr sci@eens I)ositione@i i@ SI)aced rcl,,Ition, the lieatinz niedium pissiii@); tlii-oiigli said tul)tilar itieml)ei@ th-Lis passiii,-, oi-e,i, the s,,tid 120 ir screens, ancl a centrill), . i-,iiigc,(-l deftectin,, 1)1,@ite cii,ried I)i, the loi),(@i- of s@i (I sci-eclis for d,-flectii-i(r the lieite(i I)tls",illg 01@(,'I@aid screeiis toavai,(l the oiiter pot,tioii tlieieof. 10. A -",ater lieater oi, the li]C(-, of tlic@ cliar- l@95 Ieter degeribed, coiyipi,isijig a iiieziiber wliieh is @i !-Yoo(I coiidtictot@ 0-F li(@at liaviii(, oiie slde -tdttl;ted -f6r therinal contact Avith 'a niedium tobelie-atecl.andtli oth(,i-sideiiicolitactwitli e ,t heatin' mediuni, ancl a pliu-ality of lieat 130 9

1,6563838 transfei-i-iiao- meiiibers associited -",itli s,,tid concILicting n-icinber aiid in tlaeriii,,tl connection, thei-eiA,ith, the stid heat transferring inembers being so constriicted tli,,tt' oach 1-ieat 6 transferi-ing member has stibstantially the same beat condticting etip,,tcity ,is each @f tl-ie other members, buteach of t-he said members has a different surface ,irea, the heat transfei-ring meiilbers beiiig so trranged that the successive liiembers in the direction of flow 10 of the medium passing in contact therewith -present increasiiig surf,,ice, areas to the said meditim. In testimony whereof I hereto affix i-nv si 9 n@Lture. I-IARRY F. SMITH.

This iiiventioia relates t6 heat tr@iiis-iei@ , alid niore i,)artictilii-1 f -f I ii-i y to the trans er o ieat ' connection with lieating app,,tr,,iti:ts, Stich as boilers, tind the lil@ce. 5 one oil the prin(@ipal objects of this in@,eittion is to prov,ide an in-ipi-oited foriii of beattraiisferring a p,,ii,atus, pai@LiCILIlirl3, ad,,ipted p for heating;-witer to pi@OlTide 1-iot ivater or steam, whicli aT)p,,ii,attis is siiiiple and cheap 10 in construction, efficient iii opei-atioii, iiid of small s, e wl-ieii coi-.apare(I to otliei- fo s of .z I'm Nvater-lie,iti.ig apparattis of the sai-.ie cipacity. Other objects al'id a(lvantao-es of the iiitn e ci@ p 15 ientioii -",ill be appareilt, froiii the cl s -i tion t'llereof set o-Lit beloiv iilieii t,,ili@eii in coiinection Nvith the accoiijpanl,-iiig drtN@,ing. In the drtnving in lil-(' chrracte@@-s 6f refei-ence desi(yiiite lil,:e 1:)arts tlirouglioiit-. the 20 sei@eral vieivs tliereof Fig. 1 is a sectional iie-w of t siiii le forin p of boiler conslriieted in ,iccordap@ee ivitli this inieiition; ind Fio@ 2 is a. zect,ional vie-,v tbro-Ligli i inodi25 fied form of c-oiistriietion. This method of heat transfer is of @4eneral application; bti't. for piirposes of des@@iption it is illustratect qs beiiig emploATed ill tllo tr,Lns'Ler of heat from beqted g-,ises, siieli @is 30 lieated prodi-icts 0-' coinbustion, iiito iv@itei, to heat tlaat wp@ter for -Lise in -, hotis-liolci hot w,iter sistem or to geiierate steana. AiiO, in Fig. I is showii -, siinple, blit ver-v elfeci@ive .ind efficient, tyl,@O Of ap@arattig c@)iistriieted 35 for carryiiig o,.-i tilis iiiethod of he@,,t transfei,. In tli,,it figiire the Tiiimeral 10 desigiialles tl-ie oilter shell of a water lieatei.@ or 1,)oiler -which is preferably covered ivith suitrble laggii-i to etit down lieit losses fro g@ , m tli.e 40 sl-iell by radiatioii@into the atmosplio-re, this 1,,to,-ging being shown cqs eiitirely convelition,,tl il'i construction ,tnd desigiilf'@d by the nLin-ieral 11. The upper eilcl of tbe, I)Oiler is clo,-,ed by ineans of tl-te he,,id 12, having i, cen45 trally ,irriiged openina 13 tliereii-i. The lower end of the boilei, is close(I I)y meaiis of the heacl 14 ivliieh has a celitr,,iti.y ,,-,rrq,nged ope@ning 15 therei--,a. This openil'lg lr) is internally thre,-,cle,-l Itnd is ,tcl,,ipted to receive a 50 corresponclingl@,T tbreaded exteiision 20, ried by tli- i-iten-iber '-)I, which seri7es to s,,lp1)(,)rt tl-ie anci to )Ilso receive ivit.hii-i its hollo-wii-itei-@or29-.tlieburiiei@28. Wliiletliis biii,- iiei@ iiiiv L@e ol-' an clesi.red consti-tic@tlion it y Patented Jan. 17, 1928. UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. HARRY F. SMITI-1, OF DAYTON, 01-110, ASSIGNOP. TO Tl-!E CAS RE, Col@,i-eAbTY, OF DAYTON, OHIO, A COI,'PORATION OF OHIO. APPARATUS FOR EFFECTING HEAT TRAIT,'S-VER. Ap-plicatioii filed March 16,1922. Serial No. 544,256. is sliowii as@ beiiig of the inducti6ii t'vi.)e, fuel@ r)5 of any desii-ed char,,ioter sticii as gas, il a--ad tlie like, being iiitroclticed tli@POLI(@l-i the pipe 24 and drawiiig iii at tile sairie tijiie, ai.r in the proper proportioi-i, tlii-o,,i(-Ii opeiiings within the pl",@te 25, iv'iiilh opeiiino,-s ai@- e@not 60 shoivil iiiasiilucli as tlils type of b-Lil-iiei- is 6f coiiventional co-qgtriiction. A pliii-ality of opeiiings 26 ire proiidecl iii tb(, iiieyyib@r 21 throtigh ivliicli air foi- coiTibListion is adiii'ttecl to stippleiiicit the -stipply oi" -.i@ en- 65 I tei-ino; tl-ii-otigh tl,,e air port-,s in the pl,,tte@25. Rigidly s I ec-Lti-,-,cl vtithiii the opeiiiiig ii-i the ext-eiisioii 20 is ,t ttibe 30, o@r cop_ -nay be of bi-, ss or @ilti ' pei, tholigii it i ll'IIRUIU oi, Ln-@, other ma-L-C-r@'LLl xvhicii is a good con- 70 du or of heat. Aiicl by t@-e, tei-iii '@'o-oocl e(n et di-ictor of lioat" is iiieiiit soiiie i:yieta-i. ivliieh is a better coiicltiotor of Itic,,tt th,,iii ii-oii. The practice of tliis' iiietli6cl .toes iiot iiecessaiily iftvolve the use of a iiietal of Iiio'll co@idi@te- 76 t, tivity as the iiiateri,,il foi, the @,tbe 30. T)Iit @'iie effectiveiiess aiici eflicieiicy oi;" 'cl-ie metliod of hoit transfer is matei-iallv iiici-ease(,l if a j-.iiet-il of this chai-aeL-Or 1S Its'ed. This t-Libe 30 is so constructed that Avii(In so the extelisioii20 is tbrOLCLedi ei-igao'ed. ivitli- . y ill t-Ile opellilio' 15 tl-ie U]PPOI. (@i'd of tii6 tiibe ivill exteiid throtir,;I-i the opc,,niiag 13 in tl-ie uppei@ liead 12. The liead 1.1-) is pi-ovided with a ll)oclket@ 31@ t,liei-eiji@ AA,Iiieli sei,@,es as @t 85 stliffing box to i-eceive pacl,-i-@-i(I 3@), -which ZL, may be of ,iiiy coiiventioi-i@Ll charzieter. The, glal'id 33 extends - iiito the stiiiiiiig box for coiiipressing the ppel6iig to eltect ,t tiglit joliit and preireiit. lealc-,,,ge o-12 Avi,-,ter or steam 90 froni -witliin tl-ie boiler iO tlii-otio-h the opeiiing 13 sliitab-le sttid bolts exte-@idi-n(- tliro-Ll(,Yh the glaiid 33 ,ind I)eiii(- th@e@id@,dl@7.ii-iounted witliiii @ocli:ets ill t ii:ieiiij)e:L@ 12. to gi@e iiny desired COIUPressloi.1 'C)il tl-ie piclciiig. 95 The iiiel'i'lbers 10 @iiid 30 ai-(, 1,)l,e-.@oi@a'[)Iy eylindrical, and c(,Iaxi,,,I, @,.l @"pace 4,tO tlii@iq beijig provided betweeii t'liesc, ti@,,) iiie@l@,-Ibers )-Vhiel-i is acltpted to (,,oiit,,iin the iit,,tter to 'oe lie,,ited, and ,ilso to contliii iiii- ivhere the genlo( eration of steaii,. 1F, desii,e(l.. V,@@Ta'(-er (@n'L-ers the space 40 thi-oigli tlle pipe 41, AAhicli opeiis ilito the lower eiid of tli.,it s a ce, tli(,, lieated p iv,,iter or geli.erate0i ste,@,m 1:),,issing off thro,i(,Yh tihe pipe 42 wliieh is coi-inected to the upper 105 end of the ,;pace 40. As showii the app,,ii-at,-Lis is ad,,ipted to function as the hot witer heqter of a holise-

hold -w,,tter supply systeni, the hot i@,ater from k-he space 40, diiiin(,- the tisual eirclilatioli 1),Isslllg tlll-o'Ligh t e I)II) 42 t6 the place of stora (lic-, (@ooler -w@iter rettiriiiiig tlii,oticyl pe 41. If desired the pi@pe 41-2 ii@iay l@e ecl,to the heitiiicgr s3,steia,i of a IIOLISO, 01' tll(' li]Ke@ t@hell Sel.,\@- ri () to readily c,,irry aival, to the tiibe 30 all of t h e I I i e li' t e ii d s' t o . p @ is s it - it o tl i c @ u l f r o m t h e @ i l b ( @ , , . @ , V h i l e t l i c @ s e sci,eens iiitty liave a vai-iety oi foi,i-iis, so loiig as tIle3r this ctesii-ed i-esult, they are 7@) i i i a c l e o f o r d i n a i - , ) , c o p t . ) e i - g a u z e 01, wire s@r(@en. 2@ot olli@@- c I i( oi- tl-iis (17id(@ a c ing to coll@tuct live stc,,Il f r iii tlic sp tee 4(.)@ s6i.t I)v ii@:11,liber of p,,Isto'@-he radiitors ivitlain tii(@ liolise) the pil)e -11 sa4,-e,@ oi, A%rliieh stieli clividit) being ilso coiiiiecte(@[ to tliesc,@ i-,,idiators of tii(,, flo@@@iiig 1 t@olittet 75 SOI@N7@11G. to i,etii@211 to tile spil(,e 40 the of tlio g@@tses Itiicl the stiri@,lec, of the is coiideiisc,,(l witliiii tll(, rzt(lititors, l@lie coilNIelliilit bec"ttlse (@)f tli(., ()f ttle, ivii-es tioiial closed s-ysteiil I)eing ttil@s provicted. con@.,titiitin@x the a lti-ge lieit tbsorbIII tilis cae ()T coli@illso@ the sptlcu 41t) -",ill I)e SLII,ftiCL" is eXI)oscct to tllel I'lot glises. Ill its oiil3, fill(,d )Yitli iiritei-. Aii3T ('Ie- ac[cli-Lioii iL liis bec@n fotiiicl I.Iiat @iii all ordi- SO sired 1'Reans of- in-trociiiciiio@ iv,.itei, sci-ceii of tl)ls iii ttio to the b6iler iii@i3r I)e pi-oi,.ide@l. Fc)i- e,\.iii-ipie s i 7@ c@,@ of tll(, @i,@ii,es l@ol-iiiiiio- tli(,, screen villy the pipe 41 ,i I)i@.incil tliereof coi,- @Aitli iii @)@C its iiected to aiiy stiilat)le 4olir(@@ o-f ,@lipl)13- of liiesii Ill(,' coil(ttletin,e cap@t(,lL.Y is sUI)staliti@il120 wlitei-, so tl-iit is (tesirt,,(] fresli iiatei@. lj(, iy the s@iiiie foi@ scr(,@eli,.@ of iiiesli. introditeecl to the boil,@ll. Thi@,, scrc(,i'l o@f this TI-ic upper eiid o-f the I)il)e 30 pi-e-fel-,iblA@ tictilai@liv, (1csiritl@)je. Fol@. @is slionvii iTi Fil)@. i exteii@ig ('11tii,ely tlle 1-ieact I'@), ilid is th-e IoNvest s(@i@eeti @i@liieli'is desifriitited by"tiie d,tl)te@[ to i,ece'i w I a -ve tileto (.1@ (,Rcl o-i@ t'lle illeiii- litiiii(-@rtl@ 46, @,jl i(@li is (.@xl)os(@(I to the liott(,st'25 lei- 4@5, I.Vlhieb ig coiiiiect(-Id to tlle fiue or st,,ick, (-YasE@@ i,'., of c(),ii-ser iiiesli, ai@i@l of lieai,i(@i, so th,.,,t tli(-, I)rodiiets of coii-ibiistion fi-oiii t-he vvire, til'ill t G iie-Nt screeii 47 iyliiell is bLii-nel'. piss til)ivardly thvoti@,yl ipe O.,zposecl to ('ases whicli liiie beeii iili@ea(lv -)o i qiid tl:ienec,, to fitie or N6 CliffieLlIt@@ soill(liVliaL (,@ooled i)@, giv@iiig t@ip t pai-t of their ,,neouiitered i e 4(;, AD.(l e oacli )f is oi-c ii appai-atus of to the scr(,, I'l s .30 tllis (-ei@ieral cliaractei, iii gettillo, Iiii acleqiiate. the sel'Qells 4@; aiicl ztl@) is o-f 1)1.ogiessil,ely ill- 0@5 aii(I free trll@isfor of heat fi@oiyi the lie,,ited creisikip aiid tli(-@ -wii,e.9 fortilill@)- S(IQ"ll iiiet,il of the tulde 80 tll(,@ -w@ttei@, btit the screenf, of (@oi,i-,esl)oii(iiiicrl ll y diffictilt)r is in seciirin(y a c6i@resi)oiidiiial)' i@s st@itecl tboi,e lioNN,eN,e , itli @siieli efl'ective iiid ef-i'i,-iciit trinsfeil fiom the I)ot sel-ec@zis, the c!olicli:ictil'(', C,@tp@,leity is sul)st4ltll,15 i)rodiic't-,s of coiyll)iistioii into the t,-Libe 30. To tial.l@, coiistaiit, I)ttt is ttie I'iiesli iiii(.1 I(( secure this d(,,-dred tra.tisfer tlliej-e are posi- tli(ll @vii@es tll(l scil@2cn (!(Ill,(@st)o;ll(lill"l-- t,iollec't i@@itliin the, pil)e 30, aiid uiiiforinl@, l@, Ill tll(" t.,4)tll ,icect froill eacli otliei- sevenil sel-'eens or suct o o@l'tiie sci@eeii er iiiiit Sp, I @l(" pal-titions ii,liicil ai-e so coiastructe(I ,is to @)' iiici,eises. the ar(.,,- (f, 40 (,tii,ide t,lie laot j)i@oducts of coiiil)ustioii pass- 1)1,o@,@i,c,,,,sivelv i ylci@-tl@ISID(' ilj(,@SI'll tli@it ttiose 105 ez@ @l@ 'ii 111@L): thi-ou(,Ii the pipe 30 iiito fine @er eiis 1-ii(. ti@e e\l)o,-,,e('t to the liot((,St frises st@e,iii:i-,, so fl-iit Sill.),St'llltitlll)r every of liai,(@, less stirf@ice ('@XI.)Ose(-t to the tile liot -',ISC'S pissiii,fy t,l-ii@ot;"rli tl-le ttil)e 30 tli,,ill tliosc, -w@iiieli @i-e Cxl)osed t'o tile ivill be aotif-,Iit iiit6 heit - trt@iisferi-in@)@ rela- t):,ises aftei- tliev li@tve 11)(@eii soi4Lieivli@it coo'le(l. 4,1 tioll -Ni@itli s@)iiio 7,@)art of tlio The iiie,,Iils of tlii,,@ (,.Oll@@'triletioil tli(, 49 '110 iiietliocl of "Llie sci,eeiis to the ttibe ivliich is coiiij).@,i-ativ(@1.)' Si'l@,111 shotilcl sil ell tli,,i,t tralif@@f ei, of he,,it-, f roill the ti]@e til) 4'roiyi the @4,18 I)IIssilig tll(,'I,eoIrclll It screeiis to the tijbe will liot I)e antQrfei.-e,(]. (itiaiitity of lieit ii,lii(!Ii COIIIJ),Il@,e,s ivitb. ('ne s"l'(-,isfactory -VN7,ly l@, 11)11- 117@tll tliit, tal@(@ii i,il) 1)3r tli(@ 50 Connectiii(- tllc@ ;ci-eenc, to ttie ttibe is 1)@, sel@@c@eii 46 -i-i-oiyi I)o@@tet@ 1)@issii so tlioii li of colii,se otl)er,@N-,,iys in-,tv ol,-er ii@ 9 , I)e lise(I if de@,,i@e(l. In ,idclitioii to tli,,tt eoii- Ill i)t,,ictice it, lilIS I)oeii f(.)tiT)(I tl),,it, I sti-lict;@oii vviiieh Nvill stich iiitiiT,,@ite coiiiei@y Sliluisi@@@ictol-v inill be ol,)t@iine(I i@f L e(i@-, 'Of tile the c e @3 ).f @ boii@ s@x oi@ ei@,ylit iii(@@sli, oi!,tile liot (g@ises tlae s r c@ii i "( @ I r) 5 selle(,IIIS tl@iese -ei-eeils@ slioi@il(I also I)(, E() (@olltlic- (!6Dst@ittili,ii(, tlii",, sci-eeit ,i 120 @gtriieted tli,,it thei, sllfl'l(@,ieiit co@@@ducti@,e ('tin.iiietei@ o@i@ al)o@Lt .0@) iiic@l,i the capacit@, to i,e,,tetifv ti,,ilisfei, to tl)e tiil)6 30 the se r(,eiis ifi fin(,n(@@s to il)(@oiit tliirtv heat lii)soi@b(,cl b@@ tl-ieii- siii,fices. 7 Tllat is inesli for ti@i(,@ 49, ii@i til(@ is o . f to say it is iiot eiioii(,-Ii tl-iat. tli(, qi@-r(@elis sli,,tll i (liaiiiet(@r of- ,,il)oiit, @015. ]lilt of 6o be so colist'riieted t6 collie iilto trlyls- ser(,Olls o f)tller siz(",; 1)(@ li@;f-@d, in(I it 12!, contact -witil tll(, cntir(,, volii@ii(, of the i!; i-iot t@liat tliev I.;(@ (-f 17@l I'@'ing' hot gases tlll-Otl@,Y]i tlle t@ill)(@ 30, I)Iltl i@l)ou(yll this !-,3 tlloll,(I.,Ilt ill ol-d(,r Io sociir@ tiie gre,,itest@ efllei('IIC.)r tliese' pirlttl!,@ @lio@-vii ill l@ig. I is@ (11 tr) s(@@lle, screeils al-,o be so constiiiete([ tii,,it tlie, ij)d i@ oi@ ill(@ no condiietive ea-pacity of the screeii-, i@@',gufficient size which iiotild be iise@@t for stippl@,i-ng liot 1,3( leat ii, i the liot g@ises

W,tte fo r domes;tic use in th6 ordinary six r to (@ight i-ooin liolise. By couiloai,int)- th@ size of this boiler witli the types of boilers now in general. -@se its effective-ness and efficienev lniy be i-eadily appi-eciated. Of cotirse tli@ size of @uliis b6iler is@ not lin.,,iited, but as the size inereisos t'tie efficieiicy -would tend to fall oIT- vvltli increase of the dianietei, of the ttibe 30, because be10 yond a cei@taii-i cliai-iietei- eflicient conductioll of t.1-io heat absoi-beo, by the central pai-t of the screens woi-il-d noi be sc-!cLii-ed. , Espeis this frtie wh(,@re, as ill ibe construetioii s'ilown iii Filo. 1, tliere is a. tendency 15 to (leflect the i)roducts of c6iiibustion enterin,, the tub@ 2,0 towtrd the center of th,it ttibe. tli-Lis c @iiisi,,-ig ,in tinclti y lart)@e pro Ip(rtioii of the liot gases to ptss t@ti@ough the ceiiter of the first tnd not eiioui@h 20 t6 pass tl-ii-oiio-li the 7oji(-@ ill-iinediately tdjacent the tube@ As ,t r(,,sult o I f tlais coiiditioii the centers of tl-Le loiior scteens becoine hi.glily lieated, @iiid,iiot otilv is the life of tl-ie @.,,,creeii tlills slioi-tene(I bl,.'t, maxiii-luin tillllns25 fer of lie@it fi@oiii the liot o--a,ses to the t-Libe 80 is @iiso pi@e@,ented. @rii ()@cier to prevelit this conclitioii certiiii of the sci-eelis are pi-o'ded 'tli buttons or plates 55 centrally vi ivi I 16etitect, i@Iiiell pi@eiteiit tiie p,,tssage of the @io 1,C)t o-q@ses througl-i the eeiiti@,tl part of the sci,een.: tlius cleflectir,(-y these zasec; to calise tilein lo pass tlirotioli the oi@tter zone of the sci-eens. Ordinai,ily oi)-ly the two lower screeiis iieed these btitfons, but of cotirse '35 the c!onstructioi-i of the tpp,,tr,,ttii-, inigl-it, be siieli a,,; to iiiakc,, it desii'able tli,-Lt three, or iiioi@e, s,@1'e@,ns be ivith tlielli. 'vltliere li[rc)-e-L, si-ze boilers t,re desired a pli,iralit,17 c)'i' ttibes itiay bc, used iiistead of @10 tli(, sinale @tlubc- 30, slio'wn in Fi,,o;. 1. Ih Fio-. 9- is illtistiatec'l ,t forni of al)paratiis whicli 'i@s adat)ted foi@ lar@@er size boiler-,. This boiler (.@oiisistg of -, shell 60 liavin(, a coixially ai-- V,Ipged iiiiier sliell 61, thereiii, tl)e two sli(,Ils, to pr(@Tide tl-ie si)ace 62 T-oi- i-eceiviii(,r the ii7ate.r to 't@e lieite(t, @iiid t steaiii rec(!iving, sp,i(!e, aboie tl-ie iitater level. IVater is iiitroduced into @tl-ie 16Nier end of- tl-ie space 62 I)o clirotigli the )il)e 63 aiid ste,,im is ivithdi'lliwil from tlle ii,,)pci- cii(i of the sp@L,ce 69- throtip;li I)i])O OLI. TI-i,-, ul,)pei.@ encl oi the boiler e iead 65, -whicli is 1 is (.,osecl I)y iiieaii-, 6f tli@ I welcled, or otherwise siiitably seelired in 55 ),)IIce tl-ie lo-wei- erd being also closed by li'le,iiis o-f tle Itead 6C) ivhich is ].ike-wise secti-,,eCt i,,i pl"teo iii anv stiit,,tbic, m,,inner the of se@tiri-,'!-w it in place liot l@ein.g slioii-ii. 'l.he liea(l C) i S p 1- 0 17ided Wi'L 1-1 60 aii opeiiiiig 67, ,A@Iiieli Y(-@.ceives the loiver encl of tlic, inii@i, s'tiell 61, tllis shell bein@,), rigidly secui-ecl, in watcitiglit colinection with the ,tcl C C, -ier. The ])oiler lie, )6 in any cl 'sired iyiani is supported biT n-ieans of a suitable b-ase 68, o.5 WI-iich -is slionv.@ is bolted to the head 66 ali-alify ol-' ttibes 7,@) ' 4.-5 beiiig so positione(I .-elative t6 each ot.1-ier as i ,,Iioulcl 1), brotiglit inl,-O good tliei-ii-iil co-nt,,.tct lio t'holigli it c,,in be i-ntcle integral with the, 1-ie,,id 66 oi:,).ttacheci to it iii aiiy other desired iiianner. @ iiicltiction btiriiers 69, ol' ,iny stiitable el-taractei@, ire i)6sition@d ivitliin the lower end of 70 the i,-iiier ,lie].] 6@t, the hot prodtict,.s of the Coil-il-)iistioii it, tl-ie I)tlriie,,,s passing upw,,irdly iiito 'uhe sliell 61 ,iiid thetice tlirotigli f,, p]Liinto the sl?ace 76 witlain t.lie lious-ino@ 77, ivliielt siirroiii-ids the i-iiei-nber 76 60, Llie space 76 beitig coiiiiected to the f-liie '(8, Fo tl-i,.tt tlae IDI@Odiict-q of coiilbiistion passiii tlirotio,li the tiibe@ 'T,,) iiito the sp,,Ice 76 9 @iill 1),,Iss iipllT',Irdilir ilito tli(" filie or staclc. El ael'i of ti-ie ttibes T.@-) is stibstantially identi- 80 cal iii c,onsti-tictioii ivitli flie ttil)e 30, of- Fi(Ir. I descri.bed abo@,c,, ziiid i,,, i),-oi,ided -witli a plur,-@lity of serc,,eiis 80, whi.eit ii@e similar in constrt,.ction to the screens sliowii ,ind clescribed iii coiliie(,,ti@oii ntitli Fig. 1. 85 @A. cl@e@iiioiit opeiiii)o- 85 clo',@ed by .1 suitable c6v(,i.- iiieii-ibei, 8C), is i.)i,oi,ided I'n the lower ol' !lie si)ace 61-), tlirotio,-Ii wi-iieli sliid,ae ,iiid -@ecliili('Ilt cle,])Osite(i ill 1--lie spice 62 m,,iy be reaclily reiiaoved. 90 The of tlii-, I:v I)e of boil.er is the s,,ijrie ts the, t),p-- of I)oiler desc:i-ibed abov(@. As statied ,tbove tfiis lyiet'@iod of lieat ti-aiisfei- is Tiot Iiiiiite(I to the transfer of licit, ilito wa'ei@ biit is of (@eneril;il)l)lication. Aiid ol-)Vio-Llsl)r the s@,iiiie, I-Ylctllo(l of lie:it ti,,Iil,,;fer jii,,iy be ti)l)liecl to tbo,,@e ciises iii iiiiieli it is desired to in(,i@easo, tlie, r.,idiating efl'ect frojii ,t, lieited inc,,iiiber, iiell @is to those c,,ises illusti -,ttecl. T)iit ivliet her tl-ie screeiis, or loo - ,tnalogoiis -,,r(,, absoi@bino,- lieat or ridiatii@g 1-ieat, the ari-aiiyei-rieiit slioul(I be siteli th,,it ,-lie gises, or the like, Nvliieli ai@e passing over tl-l(,iTi ,ire bfol@en -Lip iiito fiiie sti-eaiiis so tliat. ,@ubst,,tiititllv ill 1),trts of these o,zises 106 ,ti-e I)rou,@@lit iiito (,@oocl tberiiial, oi@ fieat tr,,iiiscontact iiitli tile sii,,,Taces o-f the screen,@@ Aiicl, of co-Lirse flie tiibes, or otb--rilic,,iilb("rs. to ivliic'il tlie, scree-Tis ti-e tttacliec.1 i@-ith 'Lho, ii-iecliiiii-i iiito iiliicli hezit, is beiiig 'tte(I froiyi, oi, 11 tr,.ii-isiii]. bs6i-bed I)v. By lll,,iv of exiiilple, a vei@ ef'iici,eii.t tll.)e y of steaiii r,,idiator iiiay be iiiacle ily g,iii-ro@llndiii2- a steaiii pil)o ivith a casino-, sl)aced tliei@e- 115 fr@ii-i, and i,)rovidiiig ,i, I)Itirilitv o-f ,@ci@eeTis, of 't@lie cl-i,,tr,,tcter des,,@ribecl, Avitli ill the sl)ace betweell 11 the ste m I)ipe,, ,tiid it-, cisiiig ,Ind c.,iiis in,,o t floiv of air throiig]-i tliat@ sl)ace. A@l go tli.is niotlioci (,.f ti-ansfer @7-0@ild 120 ftiiiet ion 1)@,irticultrlv Av(,ll in coiinectioii iyitli tiicooled ei,lincl(@,i-s .1!.oi- ititei,nal cojiib-Listioii engi -nes, 117 hile t-l-ie iiietlio,,l liei-ciii described. and tl-ie, forilis of al)p,,ti-atus for cai@r.vl'ng this 125 iiietliod ipto eireci. coi-istittite pi-efei,j.@ed eiiibodii iients of flie ip-@,eiitioli, it is to b(, uiidei-- sto d that tli-, i.iive-atio@i is not Iiiiiited to this prec ise iiictliod ,tiid foi-liag (-f al)pai-atus. anci tl-Lat ch,,inges iiia-v be 1-n,,tcle iR eithel' WitIlOtIt 130