claim as iaelv, is: 1. The combination of an oil b-Lirner, -wit'@l a 13@i-In li,,ivili(r t i)rjmary combiistion clipi-nber, an extension thereto, and a secondarv combustiol'i ch,,Lmber h,,ii,inz -Ln adl'ustable ITI ,i,ir port in co inun' leation there-with. 2. The combination of an 6il biii@ner tdaptecl to b6 adjusted to a rel,@ttively lai-,ge capacity and a relativel.v small capacity, with ,t kiln, having a priniary combist;.@n chon-iber, an extension thereto, and a seeoiidary combustion chamber haviiig aii adjlistable air port in comn-iunication thereAvith. 3. The combiiiaiion of an oil btirner 55 ao,,iptecl to be adjtlsted to a relatively large capa-lity ind a relatively small capacity, Avitli i Iciliii Iiai7iiig a priiii,,iry coiiibustion eliiliabor of- inwardly diverging shape, a 54t,,aig.Lit exteiision thereto, aiid a second,,iry 6o combtistioii cl-iamber having an adjustable aii! po@t in commuiaication there-vvith. 4. The coiiibin,,,tion of an oil burner h,,tviiig a large ti-ict i sniall air connection, inclepe--,ideiitly of epch other, an oil conilection -,iiicl an outiet for the dise@i,,irge of oil tncl air l-i-oni either of the s ' aicl air connections, -wit'il ft I.i:iln 1-iaviii.g a primary combus'uion el-iani1,)e-, To-@-- the iiiixture of oil ancl air fi-om the bu,,@-iier, ,,.n e--teiisloii tllereto, ti-.iet t socondary combtistion chamber havilig -@ii odjusttble air port inconiiectioii therewith. 5@ The combin,,Ltion of an oil biirner hayI'ng a 1,.ir!2@,@ ,incl a small @ir coiinectioii, indepeiiclei-itl@ of eaeb otlier, an oil connect-Io-ti, ard an outlet for the di@,cliar--e of oil and ai.i, 1roial eit@her of the @@Ltid air coiinectiojis, -w'l@Lh a li:iln haviiig a priiiiary coliibustioi-i cliii-iiber of inwarcllv cliverp,-ing shape, a straight exteiision tliereto, and t secondary 8o coinbustion cl-ianiber havino, ,Lii adjustable q@r poi-t in connecti-oi-ithere@with. 6. The conibination of ,tii oil b-Lirner liaviiia, a lai-ge apd ,, small- air coi-inection, ;nclei en@-Lently of each other, ,Ln oil coilnectioll. S5 ancl ap- outlet for 'Llhe discharge of oil a.-Icl - .1i@ fi,om elther of the saicl air coiinectiop-s, -witb i l@:iln haviii,,o,-@ a coinbustioi-i cl-iaii-iber for tb-e mixture of oil and @iir Troin tl-ie saicl biiriier, a secondiry coiiibiistioii el-ipm- !)o ber h,@iviiig ,in ,idjust,,tble air poit iT-i coineetiot-i thereiv-Lth, ap-d L hoii-5ing Proiin,-l the fla-,q-ie cliseb,,irgecl by the slid pril'lary combtiftion ch,,iniber, ,idjacent tl-ie s,,,id priiii@.,rv ch,,tinber, to p.-evel'it air i'rom 4-,he saicl flan-ie wliile ol)er,,)tino- tl-ie sftid I z@, b-tirner ivitl-i qir from the said small air cojinection. Tn testimony whereof T qffix mv si,--nature. ALBERT @W. MORSE,

Patented JU!Lle 14, 1927. 2 9 1 413 UNITED STATES. PATENFT OFFICE. :ALBERT W. XOR-.E, or, LONC, ISLA-.F@TD CITY, L@TEW YoRal. OIL-FIRED KILN. ApDlicatioil filed Decembei, 22,1925. Seri-al l@o. 76,987. This invention relates to oil-fir6d ki'iis, pa,rticularly t.1-ie killicl usecl i-n the - ce-.--arnic iiiclustry. in IKilns for iiiakipg certmic products, it is essol'iti,,tl to provide f6r t,,vo clistiliet heating p-eriods, nan-ioly, the etryi-,,ig period, ,tncl the bal@ino, periocl. During, the di,y:Li-i-- period, the is heat,,cl to a lo-", Llsiiig a very 10 S.Ilcqii amoi-iiit of oil @iiid a larye aii4oLint of ,i;ir, @tl-i I.,,t6ter beino, ill the d@,,@,iiioe process. Dilri-qg the bal;@iiig I-)-,Piod, ,t rel@'- tiveiv Iiiali lieat is tl-ie burncj:,- usii-.g ap 8 1-iiii@@s @he ,tiiiouiit 1.5 of oil as dviriilg tl).e dr3,ir@g periocl, i,ncl o.,il.y a siiall an-,otiiit 0-IL plete coi@biistion. J',List ("I-IOU.,,,,, to coiriill soine o.-l' tlic, k@iiis her(,",ofore i-n ii.se, in to i-nalke oil :ivtilabl" ,or lioating them, 20 2 sets of btivners Avere eiiiployeo,, orie set o-l' A,@ei-y siiiall cpi?ac ty to be ,iscd d-rring@ tl-ie dryii-ig peiliod, ,inci ,inotl.er se@L of large, @q,i)p,,city during ti-ie btk;119 pel@iocl, neces25 sit,ttiiig I con-iplete cliaiige o-@-er ,it the,beglT-Inilig oll etch he,,-itliig ]3.2r!oci. iii sorf,.e kilds, a coal fiile v@as i@-iail'itain-Icl du,Liny the -,Iryir,@ tn Pei-Lod a-,qcl 611 bu-v,i-tei,s ei,,iployecl oi-i ly d-Liriii(y tl-ie bal,@iii,, pei7i-oOt. A i,,qi-ie-.-cy ol' oth-,r + ari-angoiiieii,s iie,.@e @-Liseci to ae30 Co@llpli I t" -ieatiii e'cT-ects. -Sil 'IC desired I ol I'u is tile puri)ose o-.v this irieiitioi to so cons'u-l'uc@@ P. kiln and pi@ovi-de ii-I coi-iiiection thereivitli an oil 1.)ur-Lier of I)articul,,ir el-iaracter@ist'les, 'Lliit the complete change-6ver @,5 froill dr3,ir@g to bal.Kirv r-qa,,, be accoinplisl-ied 'tii --nv ,iltei ioi@s i 'the btiriier instilAvi out I -,it 11 hition or ill 'L-hp, l@iln'propeL@ blit b@ a si-mple adjlistment in the btii-T-ier st-,-Licluure. 1'c is ,tnotl-ier object to ir, alke 'uiie li:iln p,,,tr40 ticul-arly applieLibi.6 to be, used iii coniiectioii AA,ith qii oil btirner of a. relatively si-tiall aiid relatively 1,-,rg-- capaci @l-' IV of the kiiid in t c,,ttioii describecl co I by me July 30 192 Serial 45 N-Liiiiber 654,@09. A still further object is 'Lo provicte tl-ie kiln wi.th features - .wl-iieli 'e,-iable the proper an,iount of air to be clrawn into it for each he,,tting ppriod, W;.tho-Lit affectiiig detrimen50 tally the con-, - bllstion efficiency of the b-Lii,ner, aiid to prei,ent the influx of air duriiig the d@ying period extino,iiishin(y the flame of the blirner while -,Ldjusred to a loW cap@city. Still !Lirther objects AviH becoine apparent r, 5 iii fhe - following specificatioli otl4 t-,he accom"A Y't,@g- cir_lqwip@gs, ii, Nvh-lehii1o" I is ,), see-'-io,-tial view thro-Ligh ,in oilfii-,el ei-i-iboly]'Ilg My 111-@7eiiLio,,i; 1-@ig. 2 is a ci,,)Ss @ect-ioiipl vleav aloiig the p-tan-, o--@' Iiiie 2-21 ill -T"i(y I - (30 3 @,9 @In eiilaro-ed secti@ono.11 view th-L-ou,(:),Ii @i 1)ref--Irreet forril oT oil bui@iior) usecl iii co-tiiiec@li.oli AATi'tli the Ic-llii, of ivl-iieh a 'Lrp@gmer@ll-,-,rv sectional -viei-v of t'oe parts aclthe buriier is sho-wil. 6 Li-i@e c'i)aracters of refereiiee cl-,note siiiiii-,,r li@ir's tliioiigl@io,,,tt 'L-he several v@-le7,s aicl the specir-e@i'Lio@i. 50 @is i o-'i ,t tyIDe used foi! tlie drying 0--- -,,)roducts, consisti@-ig o, f,, hous'iao, 'l 11 vi-i., a slibi"-lat b-,se 52 ariel ,i e,.or@-ieshaped @'op -i@@t tl-i-, si-de cT-- the hotisiiig is ai-i eLiii 'Lront of -,iliich is iiaouii'L.-d iii o-'il bui-ii.-.-i- 55 oil a. copsti@uction liereiii,ft-,r (le scr,!.b-,d in (letctil. 56 is -, soc,-,Ilect "comii-iacie oT- fire bri-cl@:, liai-;n(, an il-I 57 'U"'Irouo,-Il -ging opoi-ii-,-i7,7, 1) IC 1, the f-,ame 'L'I.10M -Lile 'bliriler is cliscliq-,l@gecl i-.,ito -,he Acll',,lceii@, t@ie i-liner 8@ll I b is aiigtl.,or sic',e o-T 'L- ie -oii, st'op@ bloc',-@ 57 ' bl(,,ck 5,',, 'iiiviiig aii o-re-tiiiig 59. ei@,-,(-"Iy , _ 'oii i cross se.-ti tie ope-iiino,, 5'@. 60 is a coaibustioii ebtliit)e,-@ Cl,, ir.,o ivlii.eii the ioiaiiie of t' -e buriier or ilo,as es a,.,e cl;sch,-,r(YeO, 9,i"Le-r lia-@7iiig passed tlirouc,,Il openi@-ig 59. --Preforablv tboi,e the coinbu!stion block 56 is -,ri air -Iiil,et opeiii-ilg 6-1, I)roviclec'L -@vi'uh ,i rotar.), clai@iper mechanisi-n GI a ',! the t,,sual arlci i@,ell knoiyn coilstrtiet'or. -L 0- ('t-here--@ol-o not @L.escri-becL i-@.i de'uail) -,Cop @,iie pui@po,,@,,o oT res@ulal-i.iig the size of open!--,i.,)- 61 u I -. TI-iis ai-, openiiig is iii coiii,,iiui-iic,,iti-or@ witli cliai-tiber 60. 6:?@ is @ti@ ay)-iiular ,),,issage ex'Llenc'Li-,ig port-ial'i.v ui)-,-@-ai-O@s at tlle 95 housing 51 for the defleeiiiaer sde cf 41 tioii of 1-io'u gtses, ancl 63 is a traiisverse ptssage a cei-ill-ral o@,i'.Iet 61 T-or coiidlict'iig lio'- oases ; to 'clie c@2p.'er of '-he kiln. 65 u is @-n outle' for -v@,iste gases Lit the top of 100 L' tti-- li-.i-ln, cozitrol-led bv a' climl)er 66. 67 i-s a doo,! for lo,-,cliiig tlie ii:ilii, usually i,-i,,icle of sl,,ibs of refrac,',orv material. The buriaer 55 is subs'Llaiitially the same, as the o--qe II-lustratecl anO@ des,@@ribed in @@iiy co- 105 peiidi,,i,u appl;,-,,itioii Ser'lal #654,@109 above i@.eferred to, aiici 'co@- s,?ke ol conveiiience s,,ip--ie refol-@ence nuiiabers Lre used. 10 is a cyliiidl--ical el,,siiig of su bstanti-,,tlly L-shai3e; its sliorter branch 11 is threaclecl 110 iiitel.-i@rl@7 to receive a relatix,el@, laro ge air --,Upp-l@y -Oipe 12, Tli-e teriiiiha-11 o@-, the IOR@z-xer

braliell t3 of ttie 10 is tti,,-e,,Ade(i (-xteriolly at 14. A tubular cliariiber 15 foril.ie(t by a )vall 16 extencls tlirotigli tlle casing iii a.., I @ql"n t@4 loi-@ler 3 bi.-aneli 13. W@,,Il 10a codnects the clian-iber 15 witli the outei- ivill of casing 10 ol)I)OsitO, its sliortei- I)raiieli 11, and is tlii-eided iiitei-ioi-ly foi, coi-iiiectioii ii-itli a i,elitively siiiall iiir stip ly pipe l@'i. Casing 10 is threaded p 10 interiorly, adjaceitt to I)i@ancli 11, to receive a pltig l(a ivliieli is bored otit to i@eceive an oil sl)iiidle 18. l'Itis oil sl)iiidle is of liollow eoii,,,irtictioni I)ein(y 1)rovided NNitli a ceiitral dtict 19, aii(,l (@,xteiids tltrotigli t'lie tubular cliadibei- 1,"j iii ,ili(rniiieiit tliei-ewitli. 20 l@,, tli enlai,g d eii(:[ of spj'iidle 18, tliieadediiitei-iorly to recein-c@ a iiebulizer plu 21. 9 29 is a pol3,goiial 1)rojectioii aroiiiid the otitsi 'de of the I)Iug 01, slio-litl@- I:tt-(,ei- than enI end iidle 18, to fac 21) large@ 20 of spi ilitat(@ screi,vin the siiiie iiit:o the ,@1I)iiidle. 31 is aii 9 a@ir deflectin(-, stii-face at the top of t'lie iiebittn lizer 21. 32 i-, a deflectoi- cal) @ciewed onto the exterior of the eylliidi,i(!@tl cliaifiber l,'j fornied by ivall l(@), iiici is f)iov'ldett )i,itli L ciiietilar ceiiti-al ol.)eniiig -%vlii.eli is siiialleitliaii the olitside di:imeter of (@ite (leflectidg sui-face 31 of the nel)tilizer 21. I)eflectoi, cap 32 is I-)t,ovi@ted ),Vitli iriiier aiT, (leflectin(y 30 sui;faces 34 aild oiiter iir (leflecting sut-f,.tee,@@ 'oi'). @@C) is a etip @idal)te(l to set-eN@- oiito the tlii4eade(-l etid of bradeli 13 of' casiiig .10 wltiell cap is provi( . led witli a centi-al ol)eiiing 'Ol'i of ,i diaiiieter siyialler than the oiit35 si(le diaiiietei- of the aii- d(,flectiiig surfaee 35 of cap 32. 38 is .tii iiiner deflectin(,- fa(!e of cal) 36. o'9 tti,e liigs on the outside of the ezil@) 30' to facilit,,ite screiviii(r the sanie onto tlle tlireitded l@)art 14. 40 is a i,cdiiced portion of oil sl)itidle 1S, 1)i-ojectiii(r outside of pl,,(y loa aded exterl rly to L@ , aiid is tlii-e 0 ieceive a needle vila-e 41 of staiid,,ti-cl construction, coiitrolliiigr the flow of oil to the I)iiriiei- fi-oin a pipe 42. 4@, Tlte operation of the kiln is as follows: The work. viz, the ceramic prodiicts to be ti-eated, is I pliced ii-itliiii the killi thi@,6iigli the charging dooi- 6'4 wliieli is then clos@-d. The first object is then to thorotiglilv (l.ry the .7,0 1)1,($(Il]Clt t)y ayl eltell -,ind cot) il-)ai-,ttti-ely low heat@. adjiijttiiig siiiitiltaneously the "t"' -.imotiiit of aii-. Iii i)rder to do so,'I@(ie (@)i'tl 41@ is opeiie(i wliieli perinits oil, under presstire, to pass ti.irotigli condtiit 19 into the ilebiilizer 21 wli(@re it is atomized and expelled. Air, iin(lei, I)ieqFure is then adm itted into the chanil,)ei, 1,") I)y wal, of the small pipe 17, and is th@en (lehectea by iniier face 34 of cap 32 and oiiter deflectinor face 31 of the nebulizer 21, Liiidei, its full pressure, into the pray or mist of oil issuing f rom the nebu'@lizer. 'r-he resulting mixttire leaves the burner through the outlets 39 and 37, and a8 es 1'rou h opening 67 in the combustion t g p s block 56 into t@e passage 50. The sprby of 1)632,143 oit is igaite(i by 1101(jilig liuitii*ig Ntaste in froiit of tlle bliriier in the ustial manner, the bloelc ol)eiiin 57 bein(,- of divergin(I shape 9 tn tt) l.Illow f6r flaitte evpAitmioD. The e is directed into the combusti6n chamber 68 and To its' licat deflected tlii-oligli passages 63 and 04 iiito tlte c(311ter of the kil'n and through 1)@issage (;2 ai,ouiid its sides. At this stage, it is irnl)oi-taiit tliit a lai-ge aiiiount of a@ be ilicit@i(@eci I'vito t'li(@ ]iiln to eftect. a low teni- 75 pei-,itiii@(-, NN-Itliiii tli(,. kilti aiid c-ii-i,y off tli-P ifiolsttii-e iii the clay, becituse stibiectitig ilie certiiiie I)rodticts to too Iiigh a temperatur I)efoi-e t)einty tlioto,liglily diied, Will craet? oi- tlieiii. Witli oil burn- 80 ci's of tlic, (-tist@oitlai-y (-ollstriletioii thkottled clowxi to a iiiiniiiiiiiii, (@ooling air drawn in tbrotigli ail o[)eniitg iii the kiln, such as @illi It I wotild li ve the teii(lei ey iiitioii tempei-a(iii-e to -,t tlrie 85 flziii-l(, nliglit easily be extin vercoiiie tli'@s, I lia-,,e pi-ovide In, iiiiiiie(liatel@ tljtt(-etit the conibustion block (i, the blo(!Ii @-)8 ii,it@it its passage 59. This 1).tssa(,el Nvlitell is Iii-a(-tically an extension of 90 the (,oiiii,)itstion block, oi-, as it migyht te pi-opei-Ily cilled, "(i-iiiiat-y" conibustion chamber, seri,,es as a Iiigli teniperature gas retort, )N-here@In the oil aii(I air mixtute fi-om the I)iii-iicv is )Ietely converted into a Iiigbly 1)5 . coiiit)i.istil)le (,as ',Ill(i I)ui-ned bef6re reacliing tlle coriibustioii ehamber 60 oi-, wliat niigiit ilso b(@, term(@d "secondai@y" coiiibtistioi) (,Iiaitil)tlr. Morcovel-, the flame at low x,(!Ioclty fills eiitliely the passaue 59 @ind c,,@iiises oiil@- t si-nall @iliiount of tt@ air to be (Ii-a@N'ti ifito the kiln tlirouL),Ii the moutli of tli- pi,ii-iiat,-v coiiil)iistion cliarnber. If the flaii-ie wei-c@ iiot ex slio-,ht idressure a(,-aii-ist the sides o ssage 59 at low 105 N,elocity, a relative aniount of air wotild be iiidliced ii iln wliieli might (-atise tli(@ flaiiie to be extinguislied. The coiiil)iistioii tenil,)ei@attire is then loweied for (IFYI'ng I)UI'POSE-s by admitting 4ir as re- 110 (juii,ed, tlii-oulli the air inlet 61 to mix with.. the bul-lied gwses beyond t@he retort., After the ceraiiiie products, aie (Iried and tlte kilii is to siil)le(@,t tlieiii to baking, inste,,id ()@f a(Iiiiittili@,r @iii- thr6ugh the siiiall 115 pil)e 17, l@ a(Iiiiit it tltr@iwli the large I)i@I)e 12 iiito t.lic ;pace betwe@n casnig Lo aii(I clilltml)ei- 'rhis air i's then siinilarly deflected against the spray of oil I issuing f i-oin tlie nebulizer 21 through opening 33, 120 ed against the same b ,I inner ace 38 of ca@ A i outer of cap 3@ to' e'xlpe@ i@e coill tis le m'i r from &ai ou@let@ SI of the burner. In order to maintain a 125 teniperature within the kiln, the shutter@6 of the auxiliary air open-ng closed, and additional air for drawri in through the mduth, Of combustion chamber 57 ]Sy the 130

the mixtu.re disebarged from the bur.De-r outle'u, the flap--ie in this case being propagated into the secolidary combustion chamber. The aclvantages of the combinptioi-i of- "he employment of a btiriiei-, constructed as explained, iii coi-inection Nvith the specially designed combiistion chamber a,.id i-etort ai-e obvious. Only olie type of burner is used. The chilige iroiii the drying to 'Lhe bal@i-ng periocl can be efi'ected by sii-iiple aclj tisl@-Iiien-'@s only. While I h@Lve sl-io-wn the blocli: 58 Avitli a rotincl pas5,,age 59, 1 clo not wish to Iiiijit self to thi,- p,,trticiilir constri-ictioll, but f,,iiy IKind of i baffle -\vall or ,irch or ch,,iiiil)er -%vith suitgble, oiitlets iniy be used, -v)Tliere'j)y the is resti-i.eted i-n a retortlili:e f,,ishici-I 2 0 -,ind the priiiiii-y coiiibustion chamber maint,,Ii-.90,Cl iii-icler t sligb.t presstire. Furtheriii(,re, wliiie I li@-,ITe illtistr,,i'Lled one particu1,,ti, To,.lii of l@:ili-i only, it is understood th,,@t thk,@ siiiie priiiciple of oil iiring for two distinct lieatiiig periods m,,iy be usecl i)--i any 2 5 othe,,: forn-i of 161n, and that any iiumber o--f biirners in,,Ly similarlv be apl)lied to one kiln, the essent-al feiture beiiig, broaclly. It-,lie con,lbin-,ttion of ,ili oi-I burner. cg,pable of acljtistmoilt to a -,7ery large @tnd a very sm.-.11 capacity, wi.th ,i 1),,rticulqr form of kild 111- let, the liciln 1-iaving aclditional pir iDI04- I independently of the one provided by '@-1-ie bliriier itqelf at the iiiouth of the inlet into the coi-nbustion chainber. Various changes in tl-ic form proportion, and n-iinor details of constyliction may be resortecl to -NAithout departiti(y froin the prip,ciple or sacrificidg E,,ny of the advanta,-es of the inveiitioii, as defli-ied iii the app-li-idecl Claims. Wh,it I