claim as my inventioii: 1. For inall Iiiiino-s ,t T-sl-iaped brick, the stem of lvliicli is acl.,Ipted to s6rve ,is a coordinate brick of ,i convelitioiial brick 60 ivill, the cross of st;.d brick h,,tving its noi-iiially upper edge flush with the surface of said wall tbg normally tipper lin'e of said ros c s beiiig sl-ioi-ter th,-til,tlie iioriii,,illy lower lih e thereof, wiiereby adjoining bricks embi @,,ciiio- ciids of s,,tid ei-oss, coi,i-espoiiding in 60- sli @,11)0 tile-.--e'-ol serve to" (-lb s,,-,id cross to s@ iid ivall. 2 . In w,,ill linings ,i T-shaped the stei ii of vjliieh f6rms a cooi-din,,tte brick of a typ-leal brick wall, the cross of s,,tid brieli: 70 lia ving its iioi-lnally Lipl)er edge fliish witli the slirf-ace of Stich iiall, said cross haviiig steli shaped exti,eiiiiti.es Nvliieh are advanceclly ai-i@a,i-i(-ed doivniiai@dly -,tnd oLit-,v@ii-'dly in ielatioii to said stoil:i; Ili( . 1, t gib meii-is tciapt- 75 ecl to ciiibi-@ice slild exti@eiiiiti,,@s in cori-espondno, step ai,i,a.,igeiiieiit -,ind ciigage sucli "",I'll r se,@tii-ing sii.d cross thei-eto, said gib m(@@qns @(,@iiig acl,@ip4uecl to foi-ni -,t pti-t of the 'Lac(@ of --Iicli wall. so 3. A w@ill striicture co.iiipi-isingf,)i,icl.:s, liavirig tlleil' I-,'01'1,-illO' SLII'faces fli-ish -Nvith the f ace of stich struettii-c ancl haviii(- exti-einities which terminate retrogradir,.gly iii rel@,iti6n to the i-iiectial points of said biieks; aii(I gib 85 ii-leans iiiteiposed betiveeii stid bricks iiid aclapted to embrace said extreli-iities in corresl)oliding ari@ai-i,ement ancl eiigige sucli )vall for said bi-ick thei,eto, saie,, gib iiieaiils beino- ,tdapt(,,d t6 form a part of 90 t@ t@he face of such w,,tll. 4. In tn ) wall Iiiiiiio-s a T-shaped brick the stem 6f which io-rms a coordinate part of a convent@ioiial wall the cross of said brick liaving its norn-iaily upper edge flush Niith 95 the sui-face of sucli iv,,ill, said cross h-,,,viiig retroa radingly ,irranged extren-iiti.es ivl-iieh termin ite downnvardl an4 out-@irardly iii relation to the -,,tem of sticl brick; reint-oreing -'tillets forn-ied at the j-Lincttire of the s4uem and 100 cross of s,,ti-d briel@c; aild gib rneans actapted to ernbr,,ice s,,tid exuremities in retainirg re1,,ttion , saicl gib, iiie,,tns beiii- adlpte,,l to enga e stich wall ,Li-id to foi@m .L 1,)art of the face, thereof. 105 5. In w,,tll Iiniiio;s, a T-sliaped brick tli6 stem of which fol!ms a c66rdinate p-,Lrt of t conventioilal @vall, the ci@oss of said brick haviiig its noilin,@illy tipper edge fltisli ivitli the surface of stieli wtill, saicl cross hqving 110 retrog i-adiiigly arranged extren-dties wl-iich termil' iate, downA-v,,trcllv aiid o-,,it)i,,@ti@dly in ielation to tl-ie stem of said bi,icli:; reinforeiiig fillets foririecl at the juiieture of the stem ancl cross of said bricli:; -ib means tclaptecl to 115 eii-ibr-,tce s,,ticl in i,et,,Iiiiino1.0- latioll, saiOL gib me,-,ns beiri(- adal)ted to engage s-Licli -w,,.ill ,ind to fori-ii "7 part of the f acc@ tliereof; tiid .t fir@o i@esistiiig linin- disposed betiieen said cross ai-icl stich iiall. 120 In testimony wliereof , I liave liei-t,,tii-ito set m htnd on this the 19th dty of April, 1924 YA. D. HIRAM NATHAN FREEMAN.

Patented Apr. 20, 1926. l@5819263 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE HIRAM NATHAN FREEMAN, OF INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA. FURNAcr,, LINING. Application Aled May 19,1924. Serial No. 714,350. To a7l q,vhoyn it i?@cty concern: The stem 5 of said brieli: is uiiiform:'iii Be it kiio-wil thtt I, IfiRALii NA!RI-IAN shape @ii-id size to the bricks 2'and is disFIZF@rilTAN, ,t citizen of the Uiiited St,,ttes, posed in mating relation tbereto, being a coresicling it Indiaiiapolis, in th-. county of ordii,.i,,ite p,,trt of' the structure formed there- 60 .5 Marion iiid St,-Lte of Indian,,t', 1-ia@vei invented by. Iii this mhnner the briel@- 3 is niade P. certain now and iisof Lil liiiprbiements III Fi-imace Liniiigs, of which the folloaiing is a specification. My inieiition relates to@ intei.-ior fiirnace 10 @lillin(ys tnd more especially to bricl< bl,,tst tn f Lirnaces -@v-bich tre subject to intensive, flan-ie and consist substa ti,,tlly in the conlieat ' s n strliction, combination anc gement of p-,ti-ts hereiiiafter set fortl-i aiid pointed out ii-iore partic I Lilarly in the claims. An object of my invention i.s to pi-ovide a simple means of lining -,t conventional brick. type furnace in a durable rnanner. It is a primary object of iny invention to construct a furnace lin of p,,irts so fotme!ci -,i,nd ,trranged to a convenient and rapid replacenient of such lini:nowhen impaired thru -use. It is a f-Lirtlier object of my initention to proiide a ftirnace lining of few parts of certaill varied designs so that a. compara-- ,@@,ively small number. of parts ma-y be exposed to the interior -of such ftirnace as desired. The above and other objects are atta-ine(I by the structure ilIListrated in the tecompanyi-ng drawinos of wl-deh Fioure 1 is a sectioiial pe@rspective@view of:a coni@entional furnace embodying my inveiition, said view @l 5 being taken in tl-ie proximity of line Fi-. 2, and Fig. 2 is a sectional pl,,tn view '7' ta,ken in the proximity of line 2-2 Fio,. 1. Referri-ii(-y to the cliaracters of refe,rence, the numeral, 1 designates the extreme 6uter 4,j enclosute of the ftirn,,ice sliown said I en closure being a cylindrical housing verti6ally ari-,tno-e-,l and adapted to contain and reinforce the bricl<s 2 which coinprise tlie wall proper of soid flil-nace; said bricl,:s being 4 sttgo-ered in relatioii to eael-i other as in tl-ie z' case of ordilia,ry brick strilictui-es. The briel@, 3 is of spei-,i,,t,l shape and clesign and constitutes one of the new 'Iliad -Liseftil feat-Lires of my ihventioii. Said briel@ is of 50 reclining T shaped construction the normally horizoiital cross porti on 4 of said coiistriietion standing in verti-,al position and being beveled @it the extremities thereof, the terminations of said beN7cls beinu disposed 6,') on lines A-,vl-iieh coni,erole to-warci the center of the furnace as a wliole. part.@ of the f tiriaace -vva,ll prop6r, the stem 5 servin:g,- lo - ,ecuj:e siiiie to said 'Wlall. The cross portion 4 of saicl bricl&- 'Is disposed iii-NiTardly in respect to the fiirnace @ts a whole 65 I nd beiiig subst,,tnl-' Ily 'l.i-i horizo tal position serves to partly line said furntee. The lower ve 'd: be le extreinity of the cros"@@@ portioii 4 is emb@. -,iced by the gib, I)ricl,- 6, the gib end of lvl-ii-.h stands idjacei-it t.iereto in 70 coii'espoidiiag ni,,Ltiiig relatioil-, bei-ng acl,,tpted to overlap aid extremity in doite tpil jiiaiine aiid form a linin(y coiitinuation -",ith said eross portion. Tile stem @ 7 of the o-ib bricli-- 6 lil,,e the stem 5 is iiiterposed -Nvith the 75 brielts 2, being uniform in:shaide and size theret o and for,min(,y a coordinate part of the furnac e wall proper. By this arraiio@eineiit the gib bricli: 6 is adapted to aid in stipporting the ciross portion 4. 80 In like manner the LTpei- beveled ext.@einity of s,aild cross portion is overlapped by the corres poliding lower he-,id slirface of tiie heade d bricl,, 8 said lo-wer head surf ace correspo nding in shape to s,,ii-d upper bevelecl 8,3 extrei nitv and staiidid- adjacent there'L-lo. By fhis .'arraiigement tl@e headed.brick 8 is also Ldapted to iid in supporting the ei-oss portio n 4, the stein 9, thereof beiiig also iiiter osed with the briel@s 2 in coordirate i-e- t)O P lation thereto. I It will be observe-,', that the cross poi-tion 4 has ,L broad interior surface in comparison to the respective s-Lirf,,tces of the bricks 2 ,tnd is adapted to sp,,tn a iium,ber of said bricks 1"5 I overlapping saiiie a-iid thereby foriiiing tt corres pondino, furnace liiiinc-r. By this arrange meiit tl@e briel@:s 2 q@e sl,@ielded froiii tl-ie - more intensive heat within the furnace, an adcliti onal or second,,ir.)7 Iiiiino; 10 being in- 100 terpos ed betw,een sa-id bricks aiid s,,tid cross portio n, said secondai-y Iiiiina bei.ng preferably c6inposed of lisbestos n-iaterial. Wlien tl-ie cross portion 4 bee-oiiies linpaii-ed thru colitini ied Lise, san'le nlay be i,e,,tclily il.eplaced 105 by iemovin(y the.gib brick 6 ai-id the 1-ieaded b@ieli : 8, the stein 5 beint likewis6 disenoaged from the briel@:s 2, w reas in - ordinary @racti ce the bricks 2 -would have been s:everely exposed to the heat ivithin, th(,, furnace, and in the relining procez,@s it ivoiild -iove an have been n,?.cess,@try to ren d replace

1,581,263 a ilui-,jber o-t" saiiie tlitis expo,,@ed. This i-e(ILiii-es a gre'lit ttioLiiit of@ tliiie ajid ],,tl)oi- ,is coiiil)ared to the ell'oi-t the bricks 6, 'i ,tjid 8 is The brick 11 is also of T-sli,,Lped (les'@)-ii beikg positioned direc'uly al)ove the bri-ck S. the cross poi-tion 12 tliereofa Iiiiii-.(r cojiliiiiiitio,,,, Avitli s,,tld heade(t I)i-ic The sfel-a io Of the 1).,icl@@ 11. is di-,I)ose@'L 10 with the bi-icl@s 2 iii tiie s,,,1-1@ic iiiiiiiici, ,,s t'il.-stem 5 the stej,-i l'o beiii(, tliiekei-, than tile stem 5, ,iiiOL Lcl,,.i)ted to o-ei-tj)y space equal to the 4@iiiel@:iies,,i of tiyo of the bricks 2. The secoiidai-y li.nii-ip 10 is al@.@o 15 interposed I)et-",een tl)e c, oss portioi-is 12 and the bi-ichs 2. The lo-vvei@ ol@.@ the cross poi,tioii 19- is bovelccl iTi manner to the i-espect'IAT(I eX@tl@OMI'@kT Of t@ e cross portion -1@ being a(l:iqfeiit to the co-- 20 respoiiding iipper lie@-,@d ce of +,I)e be@, @'ted br,ick 8 and supportect tl)er(@by. The extreinity of the cross poi-'u-io-,l 12 is co,-.istructed to foriii lecit.),es in sf,ep manner along l@@nes p,,ti-allel to the be,,,-el stir25 face of the upper e-ztreii)lty oj' tlie, ct:o@.@s pol,tion 4, siid steps bein(y tlitis disposecl in respect to tl,,t,, s'Lem 13. :'i 'il@e headed briel@ 1-1 stands directly g bo%,e the brick 11, tl-ie loi@,-ei- head siirfa-le tliereo', I)o30 in -Lrranged in overhangi-ng e.,iffagino, re9 l@ttion to s,,tid le,-Iges, corresponding iii shape, tliereto by Nihich arraiageinen'u the bi-ick 11 is more securely supported. The stem I @-) 3 r) of the he,,ided brick 14 is dispovleci Tvi'tli tii--biieks 2 in the same manner ,is aye 'Lhe sten-is 7 5, ,ind 9. It will be evident that the bi-icic It ivill be removable for replaceme:nt ipthe same manner as the brick 3, by clise-@ig,,igiiig 40 @icks 2. stems 9 13 ancl 15 from the b@ '-rl-ie L-shaped bricl;cs 16 aiid 17 form coordin,,ite parts which toge ' tlier are inteichangeable witli the brick 2. The bi-icl;:s 1(; 45 and 1.7 are iiidepencle-Litly removtble. The acljacent le(ys IS and 19, i-espectively. foriii t-be Lippoi, and lower cool--di.iitte stein ivliie,li togetlier foi-m a stein sti@iieture siiiiiir to the stem 1'. The other legs 20 aiid 21, 0 50 of tl-ie bricks 16 aiicl 17, respectively, ai@e ii-i-",,,,trdly disl)osecl in respect to t-.he ,i,s a Avhole ,ind foriii linii-ig contiiiii,-t'ioiis -\\@,ith each otlier ancl witli the 29- and 23 Av@Iiiel-i ,ire coordinately 117ith tlie I)ricl@s 2 by iiicaiis of tlieii, St--ills 65 '@14 ajid 25 i-es ectively, said 1,,Picl@s p beiilg i@iniform witli tlic lioadecl S ai)(I 14@ i-especti.vely, and illteL'chaii(,eal)le i,vitli. The secondary Iiiiiiig 10 Is also d;-s60 posed bet-@,-eeii said otlier legs aid the bi-ici@s 2. The bricl,: 26 is ai-iother i@eelininoT-sliapect bi.@:cli: being similarly arr,,ingecl to the bricl,: 3. The upper and lo-we--,- ex'Lremities of the brick 26, however, both T-orin leclges couresponding to the upper extremity oi the ct'css I)ortioD 12, tlio 'k@b-I saicl bei.n(- i-eti-o--i-,@,dillfly al-l-,Iligec't j3-t respect to the medial poi-ti.on of @,aiC[ 27 is qiiot'lier li(,,aded bi-ick @ipd lies dii-,ectlly above the bi.@icl,-- tli-@ lovN70i- 70 lieaci portioli of said brici@@ 01)1)1@l, eneilt wit'li 'L,Ilo tli)per eNtl'(,@illity of tll-, ci@oss poi-tioii 2,Q) of the briel@- 2,1,') ind coi -i.-cs-I)o-qdiii(-y iii slape tliei@oto. The I)i-icl@@ 1-@7 i-s cooi'dii-i,-.tely stip,)Ol@-'L-ed 75 the b,"Iel@s 2 by i-i-ica-,is of its S'Letia 29 Ailii(,Ii Is of clotiliile tlii-cl,,ness anct adapted to ocelipy the si-,ace of tivo of the bi-icks 2. The iipper he,-tcl iiriface of ilie IziS i-ii siiape syiiijiie(, ar- 80 i.-aii(yement to the loa@,er lie'ad siit-face o'l the lic@-,ded 1)i-icl@ 2'@ iiid is vdiptecl to ovei-l-,Ip ' tild aid in stiidpoiitii-ig the T-sliipe-,l bi@l cl@ 2(3. The tippei@ liead stiri',9ce of tlio brici@ 27 i-s of gi.b formation in-,I cop.-espopcls -in sliape 85 ,tiid ai--,-@an-eme-Lit to the ,espective surf,,ice of the gib b,:icl;: 6 ancl is ada'3tecl to o-vei!lap and siippo,,--t the T-shcipeci 'DO i-vliieli is also arr@,,..n(yecl similei@ to tli(, @D brick 3, the bricl,: '00 Leiilg j'ui@ther sect,,,,-ed 20 thi-ii its stem 31 iyltli the biiclis -). The (,f tli-- bi-icl,: 'o@O 'Is of p',,,,ii-i sqiiare cliaracter being ai-ran,)-ed fliisi-I with ti-te @lcljtceilt briel@.:s 2 -vvhicli coordin,,itely a si-,,bsf-a,,tial co,-,sf-@@iie'u-ion tiaereAyiti-L 95 iil,ar the -Lipper portioil of the flirnace. bi@ici@ 80 4S ie,@novable for repii,-ement by the -r,,ithdraii7al of the headeI briel@ 27 @lnd the stem 31 fr6.n the L@ricks 2. 100 The bi-icli:s 32 and 33 ace coo-.@clin,,ite parts v@l-iieli to(-@etl)er form a clolible bricl,: struetul,-e, said bii-lel@s h,,tiing oi,erlapping s@-ep sli,,ip,-cl heacls inhicli cori@esDo,.- icl to the lo-@ie,.- portion of 'Llie be,-toed briel-, 27. I.iel@ 105 The b s 34 oi' tl-ie ut)per portio-n ol the ftii@iiace are selectecl ,,.nct ari-aiiged to fori-ii a soiiaeiihat usual clome shtped surface ",5 ovcr the intc,,rio,- of s,,iid ftirnlee, 36 beiii@7,, ,t coiiv-lntional opening tlierei.@l. Th-- gi-ate@s '7 lociteci cl'rectly beloiv the b,,-icl@s of- conventional desio-n The ol)ening @'8 is below said grates Pncl providecl ei-itrance of an air blast' conduit meeng no@ slio-,wn. The bricks 39 aid 40 ace somewli,,it simil,.ir and intei.-clianye,,,ble Avlth tl-ie I)i-icks ai-id i-espectivel y, the nlimber anJ slil,pu. o-.L' sucl@i I)riel@s be,,ji(, s@,incii,liat vai,ilbl@(@, ,Is to suit tli.e -pai@tici@tl,,iis,,tid bi-icks i)9 aiid @.1:0 el ell C- oll. the bi-icks and 2C) i.@esl)cctilTell',T, i 'i' fillets 4-1 foi-iiied at the jiiij('ti"o"l@i 0-f l@lieiistcms and liorizojittl poi-4,@iojis, I-espe(,tiN-ely br,@cks -,tronger an(:l less lil@(,.Iy to be bi-okeii at saicl juncture The biiek 42 i,s sii--nilar i--.i o@enei-,@l sti-u,,@t-LLj.@e to the brick 30 being arm, nged symmetrictlly thereto. The lo-wer extreinity tliereof diff-ers from the correspondilig lower part stich fillets provided to iii@litf' sa.!(l

e bricl@ oi tli )O, lio-wei,er beiiio, step sll,-tpecl lil@c the lower extremity' of Tile briel@ 40, ai@id adapted to be engaged by the corresponding step sh,,iped gib bi,ick 33. T@tie D bri.ek 42 is also provided witli fillets 41 simil,,irly to the bricks 39 ancl 40. III viciv of the fact that the ftii-iiace slio-@'Vn is of cii-cul@,ir type, tlie@ bricks 2 are con-treiiiei-it-,Iy segriient type or cii.-cle brick as tlnio doi,sto-d by those fa,.Tiiliai- ivith tli(@ ,Lrt. Lili:evvise, as sliown i,n Fi(-. 2, the above deSC]i,ibed liiiiiat)- bi-icks ,is well as ttie dome foi-miiig brielcs '05 ai-e constriicted on col-respoiiding segii-ic@iit plaiis, the lat@@ral stirfaces 15 thereof being in ai-ch-like arr, .tiio-eiiieiit to foi-iii Ciretilir cont@inti@ttions iyith the adjaceiit bi@icks. By reforrino,, to Fi(, 2 it will be observed that the bricks 3 @tnd i)9 are segiiieiit or 'IO circle, type bricks. The bi-icl@s 43 aiid 44 tre. ,ilso stich type I)Picks, ,iliiiost sin-lilar xvith thc,, bi-icks 3 tid 39, the only di@'Terence beiii,(,,, that the corners are c-ctt twiy at points 45 and 46, respoetively. Said cori-iers ai-e etit -tway to ,tecominodate the brick 47 with the p@trallel sides 48 ivl-iich einbrice said poir.Lts. The bi-ick 47 is provided to aid in the builcliiio- or teai-iiio@ donvn of my linilig strtictiire zn zn as t iiliole, it being convenieiit to tssemble 'i,l saiiie last iii buildiiig and ren-iove same first in tetring doivn, as will be unclerstoocl by those -L'amiliar witli the ,irt. The wedo-e shape,-l bricks 49 and 50 are fitted betwe@ii the I)rick 47 ancl the bricks 43 and 44, re35 spectively. Still re'LerriDa to Fio- 2. the dotted lines 51 inclicate the brick 6 of Fig. 1, the otli.er dotted Iiiies indic,,tting other bricks, coordiii@@t'e there)yith ,Liid s'milar in arrangement 40 tliereto. Tivo of said otlier bricks ,Lre cut a,way at poiiits 52 ,tnd 53, to @tecommod,,tte tl-ie p-,tral'iel sided brick 54 ivliicli is pi-oi,ided to ai(I iii asseiiibling ,tnd teailing do",n the struettire as a whole, wedge sliaped brick,, 45 bein- provided to fill up the space be'uweel-i t, the bricl( 54 ancl the s,,tid c-Lit. @Lway bi,icl,--s. It is 7Linderstood tli-,it my improvements lia"Ly be, carried out in variolis type ivalls ai-id furn,,ices foiexample sqtiare type flir50 naces, -vritho'ut departing froni the scope o-@L@ tlie, appended claims, which are drawii m,,tiiily iii view of the, a-bove, desci-ibecl bricks ill the follo-wing arraiigenient, respectively, '3, 26 11, -0 42 16 21 9 1-i-, 9, 14, 27, 26, 40, 55 26 qiicl 40 beiiig el,,timed in order as st,,tted.