[1]Patented July 15, 1924. UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. JOSEIPH B. STP,.AUSS, OF CIIICAGO, ILLINOIS. OBSERVA.TION APPARAT'TJS. Applicaticii filed Apyil 3, 1916. c@erial l@To. 88,596. To allto7,,om it l@)@C/Y concern,: Be it knonvi-i tl,-,t 1, Jospp-t-@i 1-3. @"@TRAUS,3, a citizeii of the Ui,@iteeL S,tlltes, resi-diiig at Chie,,Lgo. Iii@ flip, cotii-it3, o-l' Cool@.: @-Liid St@,,to of llliiiois, II-,Ive iiiiieitted t. certain iie,-,v -,ti-id useftil Iii-iproverieiit i-ii Obseri,atioli App,,,,Iratus, of Nyhi,eli the folloi,@iii_g iii ti specific,ttion. Tlii-s iiiveiitioii relites to iiiil,itary obset-- lo -@atioii app,,iratus tlid lits 'Lor its object to provid-- a iieiv aiid iii-ii)roi,ed app-,ir,,ttt,,s of this descriptioiipartic-Lilarl37 adapted to be moved froin Pl,-Lep, to.pllice aiild easily and qtiickl37 ,tlid S"tfely iiia,.iip-Lil,,Lted. The irii:@ Nelltioii is illtistri@,ed iii the ,Iccoiipaiiyiiigdr-,Lwings, Nvhereill]@igui,e I is tL A@iew sliowii-ig oiie foriii of device eiiibodying the inveiitioii, the parts beiiig sl-ioivn n-iore or less di@Lgraiiiiiiatic,,tlly; 20 Fi(-,iie 2 is -,ji -,iil,,ti-ged vie-w of the fbr-ward iiiiit illustrated iii Fio,. k; Figtii,e 3 is a view of tl-i-e portioii of the rear uiiit carr3,ing the iiiovable arm cilc' ilIListrated in Fig. 1; 2,5 FigLire 4 is 9, plltii view of the operatin ,9 mech,,tlnism for tl-ie iiiov,,tble arn-i, the n-iovable arin ,iiid the parts above the opei@,,Ltii-ig nliec.lia.nisill beiilg removed to slio@v @its construction; t)o FiLrure 5 is a vie-w showing the coiinectio,,-i froli@'tl-ie tr,@,nsillissioll or gear box 6f the secoiid 7Linit to the drivina shaft of the tower oper@ttilig inec' -iaiiism F ure 6 's a sectiolial vie-w taken oii 35 li@e 6g 6 of F' ig. 4 Fio.,Lire 7 is ,t di-,i rarmiiatic view of the cable iised to exteiid the Lip-per section of the n-iovable arin; Figiii-e 8 is ai-i enl,,irged sectioiial view 40 takeii oii line 8-8 of Fig. 1, with parts oinitted; Figure 9 is 9, detail of the 1,-itch of tl-ie safety mechaiiisiii for the li'lov,,tble arin. Figure 10 is ,t di@Lgrtmii-i,,Ltic view slio-w45 ino- tl-ic cables Lised with the meeli,,Lnisi-ii for keepii,ig the basli:et iii a. horizontal positioil. Like i-iuiiier,,ils refer to like p,,irts fhroi-iglio-Lit the several figures. In carryiiig out i-fly i.iiveiitioii I pre-iler to 5o provide two portable iiiiits, a forw-,,.rd or first unit 1 and a rear or secoiid unit 2. Both of these uiiits n-i,,ty be self-propelliiig dei-ic'es such as motor trucks, or the first u-,iit ii-iay be sellf-propelliiig, the secol'id uiiit 55 beiiig pulled aloiiu by the first unit., AVIieii . two Liiiits @ire us(@l, the first uiiit I eftrries the crew. tnd extr,,t parts stich as the ext@a iiiirror 3 for the se,,trchliglit on the second unit ' This t,,iiit also carri.es electric gener ator 4 opoi@,Lted froji-i the cf 60 the trLick aiid wliieh geiier,,ttes clirreiit '16r the electrical apptiratiis oii the seco,-tcl A c,- tble 5 carrying stiitable coitdLictoi--3 passes aro-oiid a reel 6 an'cl is electric@1,11Y coiinected witli tlie, generator, tl-ie reel beilig 65 arrtng ed so that this cable c,,tn be reelexl or unreel ed iii order to perillit the first unit to be iiioned t6 a safe dist,,ince fro,-,r. the secon d uliit wher, the secoid ,,,,it is ii, opei-- atioii iii proxiniity to the enei-ny. This Ca- 70 ble is prefer.-tbl37 of sufficieiat lengtl-i to perinit the first iiiiit to be moved seven-il hundr ed feet fron-i the secoiid,-Liiiit aiid still suppli es currer,.t to the -,tpp,,trattis oi-i the secoii d unit. The second u-qit is. provide,@l 75 witl-i spiitable wheels 7 a-lid It fr,,Llile or chassis 8 carried thereby. Llioulited -u@poii the franie 8 is a stippoa 9. This support is prefertbly a trtissed frpine oiti@uss slipport n-iade tip of truss iiieinbers. A ii-iov- so able arm 10 is inoiinted upol'i the suppo,@t 9. In the, construction shown, this iiiovab'larm rotates about a pivotal point forinecl by the trunnions 1 1, ,tnd is, prefera-bly extensible, beiijg made- up of two sectioiis 12 5 aiid 13. The n-iovable arnl is n-ioved abolit its pivotal point by some suitable mechanisiii. In the coilst@ticti6n herein sho-wn the arm is iiioved to its upright position. by means of a flexible power transniittiiia de- c)o vice, such as a c,,tble, actuated by ,tliy'@suitable means. In tlie coiistruction slio-wil tl-iere. L-re two cables 14 and 14a (see Fig. 4), one at eacli side, and these cables are coniiected to tlie druins 15 alid 15a. Thescl, t)5 cables engaoe the pullel,s 16 aiid 16-1 looseiv mouiited on tl-le shaft 1-7. Since the cable -,tiid its associated parts on one side is exact duplicite of the cable ai-id its assoeiated parts ol-i the otlier side, I will siiiiplv ioo describe the cable at one side. The'eable, 14 (see Fig. 3) pisses @,bout ,t pLIle-@T IS moiiiited at 'Lllie upper ei-id of tl-ie triiss fr'aiiieor siipport 9. This eable then passes around a pulley 19 connected witli the 105 jnov,,tble ariii 10. The c,,tble, agaill passes arotliid the p@lley 18, which is a do-cble grooved ptilley, and tl-ien colinects ivith i fixed p,,Lrt of the iiiovable ariii, ,,s for exaifiple, the shaft of the p,,-ille@, 19. it -,v'l'll iio thus be seen that wheii the driims 15 ai-id 15a are rotated the inovable ariii will be
[2]1,501,145 lifted to an uprigl-it position, ,ts sl-io-wn iii Fig. 1. I prefer to provicle L s,@tfet3, clevice .for prei,entiiio, the ariii froiti falliniii the eveiit the cables ,ire Lir6l;@ei-i or sl-iot r) This safety clevice as herei-ii sliov,,i-i of one or n-iore r.Leks 20 coiii-iectecl truss SILIP port 9 ap,.cl pi.-ovictc-,cl @v-ith tooth A pawl 22 is coiiiiected witli the ll,rr-i tncl 4's ,irrar@-,-ecl so it ii-i,-vos lo ,tlong tl-ie teetli @ 21 as tlio, ,triii is !ittect, b-Lit prevei-its the lowerilig of, tl,@0- '--t Will tl-ilis be s en tl-iil.- 'If there is on,,T (,C"e dent to the opoi@atiiig inechanislii, woiild be lield tly the or p,.@-\vls. I r) When it is desiied to lower tli-e "Li-m tl-ie p,,twl is n-ioved olit of eii(y,,to-e--,iient -with the teeth 21. This panvl .Lnd toothed rack constr-Liction forms ,L s-Liitable 1,,ttch or s,,ifety device for the. mov,,tble @irm. -in tl-ie c6n20 striietion shown (see Fio-. 9), the p,-tavl is pivoted at 23 and is provided with t ]@ro-m,,tlly pressed bv -, sprin jecting end 24 iioi 9 25 to hold the pa-@vl in englgement -with the teetl-i,. There is It rele@,ising arm 26 by n-ie,,ins 25 of wliieh the pawl cin be relevsecl. A flexible clevice 26a mty be c6nnected -v@itli this rele"lsing -,urni so tha,t it iiia3, be controlled from tho, o-round. The druiiis may be rotated in any in,,Lnner. I h,,tve ilIListi.@ated a. 30 construction wlie@e these dr-Liii-is ni,.ty be @-otated either from tlio dilterentitil of I the truck or by hand or by a sep,,tr,,Lto motor. These three ai-@i-,,Liigenients Itre sho@vn in T-A-i(r @4. In this figiire the dr-Liins 15 -,Liid 15,, 35 are, coniiected with the -,I-iaft 27. A (year 28 on this sh,,tft meshes with the pinion 29, which is connected witl-i ,i, gear 30, ivhich in turn meslies with a pini6n 31, s-,tid I-,itter 'pinion being connected with a worm c),eai,. .,o 32. The worm (,etr 32 e a es the worm Z" ng 9 33 on ,t sliaft 34, s,,tid -worm e,,tr ,tnd o'eai,s 9 @n and pinions beino@ eiielosed within the c,,Lsing 35. The sil@@ft 3,1 is op-,r,,ttively c6nnee,ted with the shafo 36 cs by ineaiis of tl-ie ch@%in 3@ ,ind sprocket wheels on the two sh,,tfts. The sl-iaft 36 is proi,ided with E, bevel ge,,tr 38 engaging ,t bevel ge,,tr 39 loosel:@ nlotinted on ,t sl-i,,tft 4:0. Uppn this sll, 'If t is a clutch member 42 ,ld,,Lpted Ayhen 5o brought into contact with clutch iiieiilber 43 on the beveled ge,@ir 39 to connect said ge,Lr to the shaft. The shaft 40 is provided with a removable handle 44 so th,,tt it iua3, be rotated by 1-i,@tnd if necessary. Loosely 5,5 iiiountect i-ipoii the shqf t 40 are the t-wo bevel gears 45 .ind 46, e,,Lch h,,tving el-Litch inembers connected therewith. A sliding clutch E'leinber 47 i-s fe,,ttl-iered to the sli,tft so 1-.hvt either gear can be cont-lected with tl-ie shaft. E.f) Mesl-@ng witli the ge,,irs 45 at-id 46 is ,L bevel ge,,tr 48 oii a sl-iaft 49 containing ,t slidin(y clutch iiliember 50 wl-iieh eng,,iges ,, eliitch member 51 connected Nvitli ,i sprocket wlicel 52 looselv mount-ecl on the shaft 49. The 65 sprocket wheel 52 is connectej by a ch,,,.in 53 (see Fig. 5) Ivith a sproc'ket -",heel 51 on the sl-i,,tft 55 w ich projects from tlle differential o-eai, box 66 It will be seen, tlierefol,e tli,,it by iiovi ng the eltitch n-iembers 4i into engao-eiiieiit ivitli one of the gears 45 70 and 46 tl-ie shait 40 may be rotated in one directioi-i ,ind by iuoyin(" it in'@,o engageiiieiit with thc, otlier bevel gear saicl shaft iii-,iy be rotitecl in the other direction. And it will 'Lurther be seen that when the elLitches '7.3 50, '@7 and 40- ,trc,, iii engagem(,nt with their ,I,SSOCII@ited el,,,,tch iiiei-iibers, Lhe entire train of iueeiiaiiis.-ii is di-iven froiii the truck iiiotor so -,Ls to elevltte t-'Lie arin 10. If desired, said arm 10 iii,,ty be I'llited by iiie@ins of ,tn elecQi) tric inotor 57 connected @vitli a beveled geai@ 68 whicii iiieslies -with the bevel ge,,trs 45 and 46. TI-iis iliotor iiiiy be supplied with curreiit froiii any suittble source, as for extli-e generator on tlie, first unit. The 85 iilieiiiber 13 of tl-ic,, iiiovable arm inay be ex tended b3, any sult,,ible liL -i(,chanism. A.., liereiii shoivn, the s'liti-t I'T is provided -with i dr-Lim 59 colinected so as to rot,-@te tlierewitli (see Fig. 4). This sh,,tft is rotated C,' 0 by n-ietins of Li ivoriii gear 60, iyhich en--a-aes a ii,oi-iii 61 (sec-, Fl--. 3) on a sli,,i,f-'t 62 @@'er,ttii,-ely connected Nvith the 40. As hei,ein shoivn, tl-ie shaft 62 is codiiected to ,t shaft 63 l@)3, ineai-is of ,i chiin 64 ,Lnd suit- 9@5 Lble sprocket -@vlieels. The shift 63 is providecl Nvith a bevel geai, 64, wliich elig,,tges ,t b--i,el gear 65 loosely mo-ctnted on a shaft 40. A sliding eltitch 66 on the shaft 40 engages t e clutch member on the gear 65 100 to connect the gear with the shaft 40. It ivill be seen tli,,it when these@ two cluteli iiiembers are in engageineiit tl-ie shaft 63 and lience the sl-iafts 17 ,tnd druni 59 will be driv(,n. Coi-inected Nvith the drum 59 is io5 t flexible power 'Lr,,.nsiiiitting device, such as ,i ctble 67 (see Figs. 3 ,tnd 7). The cable 67 passes over a pulley 68 att,,tched to the ui)per end 12 of the lo@ver section of the ,trn-i 10. The cable tl-ien passes donynwardly iio ,.iid engages ,t pulley 69 connected -with the lower eiid o-L' the tipper sectioii 13 of thc,, ariii. TI-ils cl),ble then passes across to another pulley 69, ,tlso connected with the I-o-\ver end of the tipper section 13 aii(I then ii5 p,,lsses iipivat-dlv @iiid is fisteiiled at 'TO to the IoNver sectioii 12 of the ,irii-i. By plteing this c@,,ble i-n ,t vertic,,il pl,,tne passing throuo-i-t the cc-,-,itei- of tlie, ,irm, tl-ie deiice be iii:inipul,,tted with a single cable. It 120 will t]-iiis b,-, seeli. tliiat Nvhen tlie drlii-li 59 i,,, rot,,tted in one dii.,ection tl-ie - Lipper seetioii 13 %vill be exteddecl, and ia,hen votated i,-i the opposite direction the upper section @i7ill deseeiicl ind tile two sections -,vill be l-@ 5 telcscoped. T prefei, tO LLSE tWO IL-russ fr,,imes 9, one at e---I-i si.(-I.e. The--,e. truss frgines ,ire eaelii-rroviOI-d an - 'ncliiiecl meitiber 9',,, u-ooli ivi-iieh tlie trtiiinions 11 of the iiioi,,,tble a-rm 130
[3]1,501,145 are supported. The arm 10 is proi,ided @it its upper ciid -with a suitable carryino- device, stich as the basket 72. This basket is pivotally coniiected by n-ieaiis of pivots --(3 with the uppei- eiid of the ariii. A searchli(yht '@4 is cai,i-ied b@r this basket and is rotat,ibly mounted therein. The lower eiid 't5 of tl-ie seai-el-ilight proje@cts Ihrougli the bottorii o:f 'Uhe b,,tsk-It. This gives better coli10 trol of the 1,,Linl,) aiid loiiers the ceiiter of gi-ai,-'ty. Thei,e is a clear iiay iii said basket ,trouiid the searclilight, so th,.it the m@Ln iii the basket caii pass eiitirely around the searchl-lgl-it axid li,,tve sufficient space in 15 which t6 operate it. The search.1io-ht is furiiished currei-it by a stiltable@ coiiductor or feed c,,tble '@5 Nvliieli passes up tliro-Ligh the ariii aiid which is @vound ,tro-Lind @l dr-Lim 76 oi-i the rotatili n-iotiiitliig of the arm, 9 -10 tli, tt 's, this drilm is mo-Liiited about the axis 1 about whi-,h the ariii rotates. This drum is ,,t spring actliated dru@-ii being provided with a coil spring 7t (see Fio- @n, 8) so that when the upper end of the arm is exteiieled tl-i6 ca.ble 25 Will vliiivind --ttttomll-,Ic@illy, alid iiheii the itpper eiid of the triii is lowered I't -will be iAToiiiid up -utomatically. This cable is coniie(@ted ivith the cable 5, iili;lch leads to the source of c-Lirreiit supply. The basket 72 is 30 provided AviL.Ii nieaiis foi- hol-,Iing it in a horizolital position iii all it@ v@Li: ious positioi-is, aiid thi-s iiieans is autoin-.Ltie,,i,lly adjList,,tbl-e to compeiis,,,,ile for the rltisiiiy Pnd lowei-ing of the Upper end of the ar,@i. As 35 herein shown, there is coiinec!ted with tl-ie I)ivot or truiinioii 73 of the basket an arm 78; connected with one encl of this ,trin is ,i flexible device 1'9 which passes dowi-iwardly aiicl ---i-igage-, -,i ptilley 80 freely swuiig so ,jo that ;-t iiitv move with i-el,,ttioii to the arm. The flexible device or ctble@ tbeii passes up over the i)ulloy 81 connected with the lower, section 12 of the arm. The cable then passes clowiiwordl3, ancl coiinects with the fixed part 82 on the support. To the other el'id of the arm 78 is coiiiiected ,L flexible device oi@ cLLble @83, iihicli p,,isses d6v,,ii over a ptilley 84 oii the sar@ie shaft 85 as the pulle.), 80, aiid thel'i passes tild over tt-ie p-Lilley 5o 86 (-oiiiiected with thc@ tipper pai-t of the lower sec'uioii 12 of the arm. The c,,ible then passes doiaii ,,ncl is f-,Lstened to a fixed part 87 connected with the frlme 9. This ari-aiio.ement is sl-iowii dia(yr,,imma,tictlly in Fi 10. The clables 83 an@'d 79 are arraiiged 55 9. iii e.-@actlv the same iiia,,ilier ,tiid I haite simpl.y s@o-wn diagrarf,,ii-i,,iticall3T the cable 8"). The cable 88 passes 0117 er a, pulley 89 ,qncl h,,is its elid connected to the lower eiici 6o of the sectioji 13 (see Fig. 10). The other portioii of the cable passes down over a pulley 90 coiieentric with the ,txis or tr-Liniiioiis LI. This cable tl-iei-i passes Lip over t ptillev 91 mounteci iii the same Lr,,ime as o5 the pti)-leys 80 -@tnd S4. The cable then passes down and is fastened: @to 'tlie loiver sectioii 12 of the arin, prefera-bly ,it the ixis of the piilley 90. The other side of the -arm m,,ty have ,t simila-r iiie@@lianism for I, oldiii(y the basket horizontaII3, although 7o onlv one SLich -device may be used if desir@d. It -w,,@ll be seeii that-by means of this coiastrLi,-t'loii ",Iieii the upper end of @the ai-iii @is @ ,xt,@iidecl, the several sectioiis of the cables ai-e kept t,,tut aiid in proper relation 75 by tlic, inoil-eii@,iit o@f the bloolc cont,,til-iing the piilley,,@ 80, 84 and 91. In ordei- to hold the basket in a pi@oper tipr,.,-ht positioii in the eveiit the cables 't9 aiid 8,3 are injlired or shot ,t-w,,iy, I provid- ,t rack 93 -.ttaclied 80 to the upper ena of the se,@t-oll 13 aiid I pi.-ovide -, pclwl or 1,@olding part 94 connected i@,itli the b,,isket and tclapted to eao;age these teel,,h. TI-ie, pt-wl 94 is out of engagement with the teeth wheii the arm is being raised 85 -.nd lowered b-LTt when the arm reaches its up position this pawl is moved to en-age the teeth so ,is to liold the basket in its up,@ight '1-)osition iii the eient the cables are ciit or injured. 1,Vhen it is desired to I)o lo-wer the ari-ii this po,-wl is moved out of eiigagem ent ivi.th the teeth, This pawl may be controlled fioiii the kround by means of t. suitabl-e cord or th6 lil@@e,@ The, pawl and teetl-i form a ratehet constriietion for 95 loci@in!. g the b,-sket and the, arni tooether. Wheii the arm is dowi-i ,Lnd ready to be traiisport ed it rests upon a spring den,ice 95 whiel-i relieves the jarring as the device is moved al.ono, the road. In the ordin,,i,ry 100 coiistrLictioii n Lised there are springs 96 interposed betweeii the wheels aiid the frame of tl-ie device. WIien a searcl-ilight is used and it is focused on a distalit object it will be seen that 10,5 a sma11 moveiiient of the searebligbt will prevent it from beiiig focused on the object because the cross sectiolial area of the liglit is comparatively small and a small movement of the source of light produces a large iio moveme nt of the light at a distance, and iii order to reiiiove tli,-, se,,trchlight froni the influence of the spriiiffs aild tl-ie vibrttions due ther@fo, and from @n-v vibration due to the wheels, I prefer when tlile seareblight is in 11,5 operatio n, to directly coiineettlie frame slipI)orting the se,,trehligl-it with the grouiid, thus insurinz a,-a,,tinst these vibrations. I do this by pi@oviXin(@ removable 97, which wlien the second unit is suppor's brought to a 120 st,,tndstill may be placed in position as shown in Figs. 1 and 8. These removable stipports are adjustable so that they m,,i.v be adjusted wlien in position, thereby directly connecting the frame carryiilg the 126 s-Lipport of the niovable arm, witli the gi@ound . Aiiy niimber of these supports may be used. It will be seeii tl-iat these supp orts are important f actors in connection with the searehlight, because the movement i3o
[4]of the party iii the basket -will i-fioye the searchlight if tl-iey ire iiol used, and if the engine -is left rtiniiiiio, thesevibratioiis -will also eltuse inoveinent of the searcl-iligl-it. h,,tve shown tl-ie suppoi.-ts as pivotally colii-,iected to the fr,,iiile so that they iii@iy b(,, lif ted up 01-it of p6sition ,ts sho@vn in Fig. 8, <Ind thoii easily ,t,@id qLiiclK:ly moved down into positioii ivheii the device is staiidiyig io still ,tnd then adjusted to t,,tli:e the iieigl-it. I niay use z,tdj,,i stal)l e jacks 97a be@,wee-ii the fr,,tn-ie 8 ,tnd tfie @ti@.les of the Nvlieels to prevel-it vibratioiis dlie to 'clie springs as slioniii in r4igtire 3. The jacli:s also e,,trry tI-Le lo,,Ld 15 directly frolii the frliiiie to the axles Nvhen t,lie dpvice is beiiig Lised so as to t,,ilce the load from tl-ie sprliigs. I
