methc@d, or -Prwes,-3 1--orein --,@eans is @r@@ot cle,@meO- herei@n as it is clai.MPA- h-A ;&-y lay,.ny ie@ort -kip-til fhe Coliir,.g' is et, Y"ial be oL-3-@rvet:@ that ccal Iva-. foi.- @'L Yea' :Llrom tL@.i retort 10 is j@,kt,,o retbzl,, c,, horizor@.- molds L4, zrd t7nt,- Ze @I)n-,78yor tbersir@ -a ge@4es of "a%- s eon'LinLously j@Dasp@pe, through a 7pofLl. or,' 6- ,C.',llveyq"r q,4vlp-g zone gt sueb-- to@,mpet@atur-- that m:e.- .ns m,;asg?-3 c@re oart.iaII7 carbonl:wd or p-or;p stiptially oo?re@d hfrd 'sher@ bal7ug forL-,A,@d -,@Dlyirz@fF co@@l tile D3.01do, @n@- eap-0 f'or hestinp" r,ro,iiid @N-ch mass and ,hat tbc-m shell ';,lie, rzt,rr' v@iiii mepns mpterip,l ered masses ar4D then. paez-xl int,,) -, w3-ia o+Z, the rao'jtis w',Qeii i'l @ep@ttcl. lar@,ver d@@me-@isions til@-n - thf,@t 5. A ne of co'al, in t@e retott 16 zlvhich is h,-at---d to ,t cok@.n.g comprising 9, n@,topt, a c7cpnveyor thp-raiii, P, 15 temmrature, the efiell co-vemci ta sse-,; beilig -ories o' inolds sL@,p,,oor@e-d c@,a the coi)@veyor, rate tiis-n tte rr,.+,e @2t whi ' ,,,Ii th,3y traverso_ for supplving-, coal to the - mol"N-P, near).s ilor the In -@lbis -@vav 1 am ecle.t4) heatin4y tfi,@ reteeb Izo @,a suita@ble t,,@@r4iuer"turc rn-p,@f.ldy col-e the out&-de df -Ihc- aaawr--A Lnd to i,1,2r, hard shp_lls on the co@1,2 i-n trie molds 'm moi-,s- as they -grp@ thrc@2s-yh the reloi-+@ a. ,,-lowly i:g -A@stort cliarges o@f lari,7e. - ,e@cond r@tort to -@viaicii t',ie d, imensions. nio's ic. and Trii-zich ;-13 of a paki--ei throiir-.,h sezon,@a' zone at a -lo-wer means for re,@laining fLL,.e, mstei-ivl iz. oalei m--I:erially A @l-ant, i'c-r t@,ie o:i coa@ meliti-oncell the c6iiveyor, ,.!r-,eans at7,cja '61-ic :-etort first. :Eor ii.e--tinz qaiL@ lrrger a i, a c@-,),aveyer ft ma r6taiT stra,.r -7hc3,zl ggte or v--,Ive con7al"ldo or@ fhe -convey,,)r, trailin'- the ileii,@,ery. 0-,, f - rom tht@ D.P'Zx'?, la@, -ceer 'i,etoi,t izi@,d pi,ongf, for GIIT)'@IIYILIC@ CO'll to t@e sai(i s"qi- wheel, v@Al,;e asr3iolr iyl Coll'rk @',o e'?Tsot, troL'in"p- the delivei@y o-11' @,rlie froii-l a i "@scon--! -@-,itoTt ta thf, .3. -.olaur, lox- tl,)e of co@-,l ihorizoyit.fl r-etori., e,,., v, serieg )ported on the t,.ho.h ie first 'iee@iiife the fo- opez,;OLI"t"llrA - le convevor" ti@,@ .3L -r-eonL yroneat!-rag retd @%e retort m@aterl)i ffol-- tlIL- rt-tort. utef,@ns for oiippi-,ving c@3a3 tt) on, 2. i-@r tiie ei eiicl oi2 said 1.zi-relierztilig rete@4,@ @oiret@ort. ,,i pre@ieated m'@,.teriLil Lhp opc@i:@pp@-,rLed o@l ev@6 i,),?c so..id -rator@' molds al.! 1-'or il-ie - p@ivr-yor in @be first retf)it. a coa retoit to enr. molds d-c@'."-Lver and mea'rls -evoi-, hestiiif- said@ r to@., to t'D pl-s'p@t @-or - ti'ie of coal secoalci re@iorizorital ,@oi,-vevor tori it') o@ -rnelcls -le c' -.,is for opera - @veyor ting th,,3 r--Pn --h D@ g retor-L ZI)OVO, @,he r@,,tort first arr.a @ a-zi il@ie i-p- 0 fi @@e aii(I ill, E., a i Talieiiti(@,ied, rnet)ns I'oi, cop.1 @@10 one for ',lie @ppterilil saii- i oi sl@id T)rehe,-@,irig' rfi-an@- for ,@oet the, o; is 1)rjhert,-,d ii-oiw @,he on3. A- P'AEirt 1,.or oa L@ --iid of said -ret,,)rt to thc,, niol@CIP, -G'ri comprising coii-i,ey--r t--e con@,-Iyor -;n the retort, F@ 4 -@here.in, rLAtc)rt t,) v-liieh the molds deli or. me-- ns r v UL stiia, la,-,t ment'loried r;etort. 146atiD-L,7 120 tilpei)ni,evor, c3lqt@p@yii4 -f e,:):,l to @ttles for. co-@iveyor contitiring ret/Grt the means f(yr to 9, fities j'oi- the preheater @@vha,--h comif 'tii the f@!ue 'o,f the convevor wnsuitpble t4 slic,,Ils or i-ni,,nicat(,, iv.1 s the al ip f'iii niolds iis ilie-,, y)ass retoi@t ai-d buriiarc in 4@he, 9 t-he,. reto@-t@ p Secol3e@ "-o' tlle prelic nting re,@',ort viliiph @,rta ri@ill@aided 1!1@r@ er;al is (I fr-,iyi t' e riiolds q-nd frotn said - z-etoit. is of !at-ger area tba--n t,,3e ret6-.@t, In testiiyior@y '-L'-hat clq-7m- t-he forezne,,tns for he,,ititig s,-,,-Ci go;ncp tis m@v iiivention I iivve sitneik Tar i@et(,j,t to a ilighei- tbaii iia7ne th-.s 'd-a-@y of' bfav, tile I'leat (if ?,@,,d retort and ST',@,

UNITER@ STATES PATENT OFFICE. STH,WAM7e nt,$Y '.ELLIEI?GV70P.T.H, Oli@ BR'-V-LT RADY--P, WA.U-r-S, ASSIGNO!6 TO Zp-, LII,3'GWORTY& OF PL.O,NT l,'O:cP. TEE CABBODIZZj'-',TIO.N O:P COAL. ,@,pplication filed June 11, 1993. geripl 730, 64A-175G@. To itnzay concem: Be it 1--nown thet, 1, @q-TEVTARTRoy!LLIN4@lM@OR.Tl-,, E. Sllbject of tlie Kirg o@- Gren.t B-fitair,, i,esiding at Bryr. Feclwp-n, Radyr, Glamorga-@ishire, -Pv"-,tles, hai,e invented neN,7 aiid useiul ln3.provements iD- Pla-.n@.-s foi- the Carbonizat'ion 0--' Coal, ol' Nvl-iieh t@e followinc, is a -pecifcation. %,- - . I 1- is inve@-itiop- is to provide -L@,le, oo)ect o-L h 20 an in-iprovecl plant -'Or the cvrbonization ofcoal, Avhicli shall be especially suitable for use in processes described in my earlier Patents f\Tos. 1,422-269 and 1,445,954 and 1.462,576. IC, ' Copls wliich are partictilarly adapted for use with 'Lhe im-oro-@,ed plant -,@re coals whicli have been sub 4 ec@ted to a pieliminai-x, ti,eatInent as de, cribed ;ii the s7,oecifictli@@s Nos. s 1,422,269 ind 1,-162,576, b'@@ided coals such 20 is de,.cribe(i in the specification No. 1,445,954, a-,id somb, r@atliral co-@tis, which cotls do iiot ex@and on carboiiization' y t,,,., @t I ani eri-abled to foriii fue', - -s plai. of definto shape aLd size. 26 According to niv inver.,tit,,i) i proi@idc, in ,t n'c, lioi@izoiit, lo i], c.@inclined retort an endless (@n,,,tin -%vliieli caii be JT@iveii by verticli sprocl@et, -@vheeis uii(l- I n,@ou-,it on this chaiii a Diiir@bei@ of tra .),s e@tc@- "i of lillich is dividea by pai,@'itioDs irt(-@ t. ntimber of coi30 @ipart - of the size -@vhich tht,, ttes or ])locks ot fuel are t o have, and -pioi,i(le itt o-@ie eijd c)ll th-s retort -@,iieans ,or fee@.ii@-ig co@il on to @be tr,-,yS. 35 At tiie eiid o-f tl)(@ retort oppos;te to the eild whei,(-, the co,.il is fed I pr,,)vide a re'Lort into Al"@i-tch th(@@ travs deliver their coiitei-its. The tri,ys are ti,it-ried over tind the bri'f. quettes 'rop out of theiii I -to the oven or 'The ti-ays ai,e preferablv ttper retort. I ed iii order to facilitate diseliarge. Carbonizatioi). proceeds froayi the ,@ides ol,' the coal in eacli moiild to,;,@,,irds tit,-' niddle and conse4uentlv the otiter sliell of eacli piece 45 or block of coaf becoi,,tes lieate(I sooiier than doec, the centre. Consequc@ntly it, is only necessary to i-xiake the first . i,(@fort long enough and to cause the ti@,@1,N@s t@) travel througl_i t, at such a rate that this outer 5o shell may 'be sufficient to preient fracture of the bl@ck or briquette g,s it 'a] Is fi-om the Llra3T into the oveti. i ha-v,,,e found that si,-cli .9 1"ft(" lorni,,ttion of the sbell oceiirs r al)out one fifth of the ivliole for comple,,e convecsios into smok-eless luel -)Rd therefore the oven ma,,, bL,, maoe of @-4 siifficient size to tal@e a cliarge. foul@ ao great a8 the charge of tht- first retort,. The coal is I)refei-ably -ed to the trays by 9, star feed valve from a hopp--r. This stor eo valve shoiild be of the -]'Ull width o'l travs and is so geared to t'-he sprocke-,@ -,Vh;6h drives tll-e chaiii tb,,).t ilu- delivers coaj. as ea@l@i tray passes benp-ath it. In order to prevent waste of coal the back of each tray is prefe@-ably caused to ov@r'k&-O the fro-it of the troy folloving it. I may also provide a sci-a-oer which @--vals the coal as the trays pass bf,,xi-ath it, aiigl a plate -nay be fixec-'L --bove the tr-ays witli siiffi- 10 cient clearaiiee to allo-%- tl-ien, topass, which plate ensures tha@t, the tipper surt'aces of ihe briquettes ai-e sir@ooth. If it is desired to -preheat the coal as described in my earliei sl-)e6ifications ip- the. 75 sarie plant, the preheate . r may be arranc,,,ed above the horizoiltal retort and the wasce. gases iiia3, be led from the flues of lzhe hori zont,,tl retort and u-iay be employed to this preliminary retort. this case is, '.nie process described in clai-med iii my compaiiiori application Ser,:al No. 644,749, '.iled June 11, 1923. 'The accompgnying dra-wings i-lustrate - p@lant made in accordadee witli Vi-kis inve,@q-- tion. Figures 1, la and lb Show a lon!q@itudinal k@ section of % carbonizing Figure -@a i,,- ing aii extension of the upi)er left. nand porlb tion of Fgure 1, and Fig&.ire a. downivard e,:teiasion of the right h-and portioy,. of Fig', iire 1. Fi,-ures 2 and 2- show a longitudinal igure '-)a being % tion throu-h the sam(- I" t@ 'Fig %)5 downward extensioii of -ure 2. Fi res 3 and 3a show a long-itudina@l see9u, iion of the cai-bonizing plan-t of the preirio@.is iigur6s combined with a prelie@siting cyliiidet'. Figure 4 is a tra-nsverse -sectio-n of the A -- 4 of Fipre 3-. i(ic sam,., taken on the lip-e Fic,ui-e 6 is a vertical sectional view on -1@@,.e lines 5-5 and 6-6 of- FigurP, 1. 10 is a horizoiltal muffle retort in wl-iieli idre mounted pairs of .3procket wheels 11 and 12 over ivhicii pa-,3s, two endless i.,haiii,3 13, IOE roll,@r,,, 131 bein- provided to assist in the vi c a s 3 -r ruiining of,the c7hai S. On the h in I @ P)iiited ti-als 14 whi6h are divided by parID( titions 1,-Il into a nu@iiber of@corapartrnents foryding MOLids of th;,, size the bri-

quettes are to have. At one end of the retort 1( is a hopper 15 provided with a fee(ling ond me"ut-ing Wlieel 151 by wbieli coal is supplied to the moulds, ind a sci-apei- 152 is 6 provided to level the top surface of ttie (-oat iii the trays. Th trays 14 liave flanges 142 on theii@ re,,tie jacent trays, so pi-eventing the waste of,.:eoal. I) At the end 6f the retort 10 remote from the feedina appai@atus 15 is a vertical i-etort IC) provi(fed at its base ivith a baffle plate 17 an(I a star heel 18 by 'Means of which a nieasw ured quantitv of niatellial is delii,ered fl-OIIL the retort 16' It will be observed by reference to Figuiiv6 1", and 2a that the stai- wliee.1 18 consists of a plurality of sets of ai-ms, eacli set as shown consisting of four arms ajid as shown in Fip-tii,e 2a there ai-c fii-e parallel se-,,, ries of such -sets of arms though this numbet, is iiot essential. The sets of arms liave spaces between them as shown in Fig Lire 2. Pi-ongs 16@ whicli are rigidl@ held at theii, inner ends li.ave free outer or ower ends which extend 25 between the sets of aruis of the star wheel. In this ivay the delivei-y of the -briquettes from the retoi-t 16 is recqilated. Oii the rotation of the stai- ivlieel the mawrial delivered falls into one or other of the cooling cliaiiiso bers 19 or 20 a&ording to the position of the guid@ 181. The cooling chai-nbers are provided with doors 191 and 201 throiigli whicli the material is delivered. The retort 10 1.8 heated by -as burnei@s in horizontal pas!@acres 36 21 @vhilst the retoilt 16 is lieated I)y bui,ners Iii liorizontal fliies 22 .tnd at the base of tli(@ i@etoi-t 16 is a I)ipe 23 for the adinissioii of gas. The @ret@oir-t 10 is pi@on,ided witli inspeet,ion dooz-s 101 and 10@and aiiitinlO3throu@-rii 40 @vitieli the g@iseoii-, pi-odtict@.s ai-e exti-actecl.." 'rii(,, retoi,t io is stii,,,otiii(-Ied b - v t casing oij,icket C betwet@n wliieh an(i tlie: r(@tort 10 tl)e.i@e is aii annillai, cliairibei, 1) into wli'eli tlie. products o-f coitit)ii@,tion fi-oiii the flties ",)I 45 pass b.@- means of the port@, d tind from tljis chaii-il)'c-r D the 1)i-oditets of coiiibustion e,;cape tliroucrli i stacli: oi, chimney E. Tiie I-etoi-t 16 is s@ii,i-otinde(I I)y a casing oijae]Ket F ajid )ras in(] aii- or otheifiiel enteils 60 -it X and passes iiito a fliie oi- passa(re (i ii,iiieli (,onii-nunicates thi-ougli I)orts r/ witii i li(@ fliies 22 wiiieli at-e arintilhi- and ivl@l(-Ii detlit-oiiaii,poi-t,, H to i fi'tie K wbieli iii titi-n deliver-s to the cliaml)ei, D (- .oininunicai ing I)V iiie4,ns of'ports (1' ivitli the flties 21. NN,hicli the fitel enters the fliies 22 1)@tsses tlier(@froiyi to the ebaihber D -om these flties. ,,Ti(i -)I ind out fi Suit60 d@LI)II)erS iyi,,iy.be eniplo ed at x tnd y as y indicatecl. III oje,.ttion the Li-ays 13 in the refort lo a i@i@ ea: ised to t rtvel tlii-ougb it at siieli ,t rate til@@t tile, olitei, F@liell of a _ briquett4@ is siiffipr@@,,@ent fractur(- wl@eli the briquette is ciropped by the re@.,ersal of thv, trays 13 iiito the retort 16. Tt is foiiii(i thit the forniatioii of the sliell @ccurs about oiig fiftli of the ii7hole tirne i-eqi,iired foi- coml)iete conversion into siiiol(eless f@tel,-tlie-refoi-e. the 70 fiii@nace 16 is ol' -,tif@cieiit slzi-- to tal@e roiiitiiiies ,is, -i4@at a (-Ilai--e zis the i-etort 1(). ,til(i LI ' that th@ char(,rp, is exti,,icted f i-oiii the i-etoi-t when it is sufficiently c,,ii-boiii7c-d. Tli(@ clial.o'e 7 5 then falls into one or othei, of the (-()Ollllg iressels 19 or 20. In the iiiiniifaetiii-e of snioli:eless ftiel the Ileat of the two retort', 1( and 16 is from 560' to 6001 C. biit iii the n-ianufact-iii-e of.ii-ietall 'Ir ical'co]Ke in ivbich-8( a lai,ge outl)ut of liqtlicfbi,l)ro(Iiiets is i-equired the ftirnace-10 is maint,.iiiie(i ,Lt tbout 500' to 6000 C. whilst the top of tlle i-(,tort 16 is iiiaiiitained it 600' C. aiid the bot@oiii 'at " 9001 to 10001 C. In this case the retort 16 niust be of a capacity fi-om 7 to 8 tiiries that of the retoi-t 10. I T@e furiiaces 10 ,iiid 16 and tlie.cooling (-I)ai@il)ers 19 iii(i 20 iiaay b.e,jiel@ete(I and iil@.tv be i-isod foi, 1- i6atind gas gi@,eii ' off b.1, the coafs wliieli niay be led to the pipe@ ,9A f@oin, wliieli It passes to the i-etort 16 ai-l(!"tlieii to the retort 10. Referring to Figure"S 3 and 4, 24 is 'an ii-on cyliiider inoiinted in a chall'iber 25 of i,e,,fractori, ii:iaterial whicli is hea.ted by horizoiital flu'es 251. The flues 251 are provided ivith biirners 9,,")2 :Nvhich supply fuel to the flties 2.5.1 ancl the flaiiies from the btirners are sli.ield.ed froii-i the retort 24 as indicated I(O at 25.3@ The fliies 2,@')l ,ire in co iiiiiiunicatioh witli p,;tssages 171 whicli:.deliver to the chamber 25. Ftiel also passes t6 the chailiber 2,5 froiii tli(, flties iOl aiid is boost,ed I)y the gases passing fi@oni the p@issacres 171. -@.fter pass- @05 tl itig ,iroiind ie I,etoi,t 24 the gases I)ass otit tlii-otigli t ,@uitable cliiinne)-. I@ the pi-eheatiiicr 94 is a sllaft -6 driven by geariii@ it its l@@ft liaiid end, ai-id on the -,Iiaft 26 blades '-)62 so iiiclii-ied that th(@ coal in 110 tii(@- @eviiiidei- is tiii-iied over ,tn(-l caused to e iravei ,i definit(,, ainoiint tlil-otl@,rli th cylind(@t,. At.tlie 1(,,ft li,.tnd end also i-, ,i feed llopl)er 27 I)i-oi,ided Ni,i.tli t ))i(@aSLII@illN,alve 271 NN-iiieli i,, (Ii-iveii fi-oiii tli(@ 1311aft 2C@ at a spe(@d ivliiell will inti-odtice .@uffielL,,nt coal iiito the 1)relic@atiii(, cl,liiidei@ 24. On the ends which overlap the front -ends of the a@l@ "Iltlie-@ si-ar wlieel 18 is ili,iv(@n it sucli a pack@ 1,490,064 .@liaft 26 is li ",oi-ill 201' di-ii,ei-i b)@ i woi-iii '-)60 ,ind oii tli(@ sliaft 279- of the valve 2-i I is a woi,m;ivli(,(,,l 27,3 driven b)7 a NVOIIIII 2o-4, and on the@@,,Iiafts of the Ni,oi-nis 260 I.-id 9,74 ii-e, sprocl@(@t Nvlleels 263 ai,id 9.7,,) drin,eii by a eb-,tin 30- ti t@ vaiN,O, 151 I)eiiig.siiiiii.arl@, . driven fi-oiii the silaft of tlle sprock-et ii,h@el I 1. At the riglit hand @.nd of tli& cylinclei125 ' ' @; 24 are crusliiii(r i-61lers 28 which ai,e driv n in conjtinction with'a .,@alve 29 by geai,--. ing fi-om the slii,lft 2f) The te'i-iii Ili-(@tort" iii,the clain-is inclildes 130 miiffles, ovens- or tl@e like.