claimed is: 75 1. A conibined sliock al)soi-I)er aiid btiiilpei, ii-ie I ans-inc@lLidin(,, a paii- of I)i-acl@cts - attacliable to a veliiele iranie and li@iving a resi.1- ieiit connection witli tlie, contiglious iiiain spriiigs t tr,,tnsversely extending biiniper so I bar, soid braelcets havin@,,= oi,ts for the transversel3r exteiiding bar, and a pivotal connection between slid supports and the buiiiper bar, said connection including 3,ieldin(y pins oii ttie oliter ends of wliicli 85 -motinted. er for veliieles conipi-isilig a bracket member tdapted to be rigidly attaclied to ,t pai-t of tl-ie vehicle frame and extendii-ig outwirdly, a swinging lever arm go I)iiottlly attached to the outer end of the braeket aiid extending under the brackets at.tachable to ,t main spring of the veliiele, aiid a sliock absorbino@ si)rinz nieans iiitrodt'leed between the said'bra-eket part and oa the said lever ai-ii-i inside of ihe pivot wheret)y doAvilAvard iuovement of the fraiiie is eotiiiteracted by the compression of said spriiag means. 3. A @hock absorber for vehicles compris- 100 ii-ig It bracket napmbei- adapted to be ridigly ,ittielied to ,i part of the vehicle frame, a swiiiginly lever ariii pivotally att,,tclied to the oute@r ends of the bracket and attachable to a iiiain spring of the v6liiele, a'nd a shock 105 qbsorbiiig sprin(r meaiis introdticed bet-,veen the said bi-ackecpai-t and the said lever al-m iiiside of tlle pii7ot Nvliereby downward moveii-ieiit of t)ie fraiiie is counterqcted by the coinpre@ss of s,,tid spi-iilg meaiis, saia 110 io'l bracket ll_lember and lever irm having a Iciiuckle joii-it coiiii ' ectioii to. limit septrating moveii-iciit thereof. , 4. A sliock absorber for vehicles comprisinu t bi-acket men-iber adapted to be rigidly 116 -,itt'ached to a part of the veliiele frame, a sni,incriiau lever ai-iii pivotally attached to tn t, the otiter eiid of the bracl@et and attachable to a rnain spi-ing of the vehicle, a shock i,bs6rbiiig spi-iri(- iiieaiis introduced between 120 the said bi-acket-part and the said lever arm wliereby downward movenient of the frame is counteracted by the compressicn of said spriiiu me,-tiis, and 0, compeiisating shackle colii-i(@ction between s,,tid lever arni and the 125 lylaiii spring. 5. A shock absorber for veliieles on-iprisiiig ,t bi,acket member ada@ted to be rigidly ,tttaclied to ,t part of fhe vehicle frame, a swliigiiig lever arm pivqtallv attachecl to 130 the bar is 2. A-sho

1,490,507 the outer end of the bracket and attacliable tc, a maiii sprili(r.of the-vehicle, and a sliock -,tb@sorbing spi-in(,, n-ieaiis introduced between the said bracket tn part and the said lever arm whereby -do-,vi-iward. moveinent of the frame is coiinteracted by the compression of said spi-ino@ ineans, said spring mea;ns consisting of dulplex springs. 6. A shock -,tbsorber for vehicle-s coiilprising a bracket member adapted to be rigidly attached to a part of the vehicle frame, a swin(-griln,- levei- ai-n-i pivotally attached to the oute@i@ end of the bracket and attachable to a main spring of the vehicle, ,tnd a @liock 15 absorbing spring means introduced between the said bracket part and the said lever arm whereby downward movement of the frame is e6unteracted by the compression of said between the bracket member and the lever arm. 'i. A shock absorber for vehicles con-iprising a bracket member adapted to be rigidly, attaclied to a part of the vehicle frame, it swingin lever arm pivotally attached to 9 the cutp-r end of 'the braoket and attachable to a main spriiig of the vehicle, a @sliock absorbin- spring means introduced between, 30 the I said bracket part and the said lever arm whereby downward movement of the frame is c - ounteracted by the coinpression of said spring means, and a teiision connection.between the bracket member aiid the swing35 ilig arm. 8. k sliock absorbe@ for velii@l@s coi-npi-ising a bracket member adapted to be rigidly attached to a part of the vphicle frame, a swinL7ing lever arm attached to the braeket the s,,tid lever arm whpreby downwar(I n-ioveiiielit of the franie is counteracted by the compression of said spi-ing means,@ ancl dr) a tension c'onnection betnveen the, bracket ii:iember and the sniin(ying a.rm said tension coiinection iiieluding - a shank attached at one eiid to the bra@ket.member and passing tlirotigh the swinging ,trm and c-arryink be- 50 loav the arm a spring reactinly auailist the ai-m. 9. A shoclc ab@orber for vehicles compri . Sino, tL bracket member adapted to be rigidly attaclied to a p,,irt of the vehicle fraite, a 55 swiiiging lever arm attached to the brac'ket aild attachable to a maiii spring of the.veIiiele, and a sliock absoi-bing spring mmns iiitrodi-iced between the said r aeket - part aiid the said lever ariii whpreby downward 60 spring nieans being disposed so as to bear upon the swinging arm at a zone between the pivot of the arm and its swinging end. 65 to provide for a differential movement as to the swii-iging end of the.,Iever arm and inove ment, of the spring means *hen in action. 10. A bumper and shock absorber com- 70 prisilic y. a. bracket member 6,da,pted to be rigidly attached@ to a, part o,f a vehicle fi@aiii e,.and liaving a horizontal bearin-a. a pin. slidingly mounted in the bearinz, - a spring upon the pin bet*een a head oi@ihe Is pin and th6 bearing, and a buniper bar pi'vota lly connected to the head of the pin, a swinging 16ver. arm connected to the biacket and in vertical alignment with the bracket, and a sprino-, inserted.betweeii the.80 bracket ayid the swii@zina lever -arm. 40 and @ttachable t sp@ing of the ve- . Iii testiinony wh6reof I have signed my hicle, a sliock s-pring means in- iiaiiie to this specification. troduced betwe bracket part and JACK CALDWELL. spring iiieans, said. spring.means coilsisting 'lliovemeiit of the frame is counteractecl by 20 of duplex s . prings arranged in parallelism- the.com ression of said spring means,,said p

U AT\\@ T E D T @,l T E -S) P P, T EN,, T 3FF@@CE. JACK CALDWELL,, OIF LOS ANGELES, CALIFOR-NIA, ASSIG19OR OF ONE-HALF TO OSCAR W. GODING, AND LILLIAN, H. GODI-NG, BOTH OF LOI\TG BFACH, CALLFORNIA. COMBINED BUMPER A-L\TD SHODIK A13SOREV@R. Application filed Aumst 31, 1923. Serial l@To. 660,355. To alltvhoi)@ it 71tay conce7@,n: Be it kiiowi-i that 1, JACK CAI,D-\V, LLL, '@l Citizei-i of tiie United States, residiiig ,it Los Aiigeles, in the co-tiiity of Los Aiigeles Ln(I State of Californit, hal7e iiiveiited new and i-iseful Iiiiprovemeiits in a Coiiibliied Bumper aiid Sh6cl,: Absoiber, of whicli the followii-icr is a specification. This ;iiventioii relates to vehicle springs. 10 Aii object of the inveiitioii is to provide a ,tnd lding con-ibiiied shoeli absoi-ber yie biiiiipei@. Anotlier object of the invelitioii is to provide a shoeli: qbsorber liLVIllg ',L coiiipens,,iting 15 Collllectioi-i -\vlth a vehicle spridg structure. Aiiother object ' is to provide i sliock absorbe-r iiieltidiiig a iiiotiiitiiig part ad,,tpted to be rigidl attaclied to a portioii of ,t veliiele y f r,.tii-ie. 20 Aiiother object of the inveiition is to pi,ovicle a shock absorbdr ineltiding a nion-able ilieiiiber attacliable to ' a vehicle spring .tiid coiiibiiie(I with ,t sl-iocli absorbiiig iiieans inellidiiig duplex spriiigs in sucli ,t inaniier 25 that there is a 'compound ii-iovenient beillg t,weeii cei-taiii elemeiits of the sbock absorber a@ to the shock @ibsorbing spl-liigs iiieaiis. Aiiotlier ob@ect is to provide ,t teiisioii iiie.ins for cotinteractiiig rebotiii(l. '10 Vi-iotlier object i-s to provide a shock abSorber th,-Lt ma)@ be i-e,,Ldily ,tdapted to claassis strticttii-es of differei-it details of construetioia. Ot-lier ol)jects ai-icl advaiit,,tges -%vill b(-- 35 ii:i,,tdc in,@tiilfest iii the folloiving @pecific,,ttion of eiiibodiiiieiits of tlio inventioii illustr,,tted in the accoiiipaiiyiiig drawinus, wlierein': Fi-ure I is a plaii, aiid Fi-gure 2 is a side zn elevation, of oiie forn-i of the device and sho-\viiig a coiiil)ul-isating shackle. Fig. 3 is ,t sicle elev-,Ltion of a sliglitly niodified fori@i of the slio6l-, absoi,ber ai-id biii-nper i@-hicli is I)t,oN@iclecl -@vith a,positive rebotiiid locli: joiiit. Fig. 4 is a side elevoction of a form of ttle builipei- as adaptecl for 'attacliiiient to a chassis f r,.tme aiicl ali inner or rp-ar end of a spriiig. In Figures 1 alid 2 the device colliprises a 50 St ' ibstalitial Lipper brack-et part 2, oiie el-id of whicli is pi-o-k,ided with spaced beai,ing 63,es 3 to be attachecl oii a head bol@t 4 wliieh iiiay be provicled in the horn H of .t chassis fraiiie. below which is a iii,,tin spring@ S provided witli a sliackle bolt B to receiv-. ,t u@g sh,.tcl,:Ie link- or linl,-s 5. The Iii-ik 5 is mouiite(I oi-i a bolt 6 provid-' ed in ,t beii-iii(-r T, which latter is provided oii the siviiioiiio- end of -tl siibst-,tntl,-LI lever 8, wliose o,pposite ei-t(l is attach(,d to a ;30 p ot'bolt 9 provided iii bcariiigs 10 in the contigtious end of the rigid bracl,-et 2. Ilitei@posect b.-tiveeii the i@i(Tid bracl@et 2 ai-id the lei,er 8, at @t positioii I)etweeii the sivill(yi1ig end of the lever ai-id its pivot 9, is 65 a shoel@, absorbiiiu iiie,-,iis prefer,,Lbly coiisistiiig of duplex spi-iiios 11 sttiidiiie, iii parallelism bet-weei-i the bracket ,tiid the lever arni aiid reactliig agaiii@t each in -,t illaiiiier to 3,ieldingly tralisillit doaylltllrust of the fraiiie '70 througli the lever 8 ancl its sliackle 5 to tlio spring S. Teiision nieaiis are provided for cotiiiteractiiag rebouiici action ,is betiveeii the - ii-aiiie ai-id the spi-idg, @tnd sucli iiieaiis iiicliides I 75 substai-itial teiisioii rod oi@ rods 12 attacliod at the upper eiid to the bracket 2 and passing tlir6ugli an eloiigated aperttire 13 for c,,icli rod iii the s-kviiio-ing encl of the lever ariii @S. The rods l) project @t sii'ILable dis(aiice be- 80 loiv the brackets aiid i-eceive c oiiipi-essecl spi-iligs 14, adjustmeiit of whicli i@ pro'l,ided is by nuts 15 thi-eadecl oii the lo-wer eiid of the r6ds. Ui,)oii reletiol-i,of the fraliic@ of the chassis froii:l the spriiig S, the )rieldiii(y 55 tension device comes ii-ito pli,v, so tliit ti-i@ spi-ings 14 serve to check ti-ie recoil is the bracl,-et 2, inay relatliTeIv iio-vc, tipivardly froiii the levei@ arm S. By the pi-esei-it coiistrtictioi-L, it v,,Ill b(I seuii 96 that there will be,,,,, rel,,if ,iNlelNT coi-iil)ouiided ilioveiiieiat is betweeii the siviiigii-ig eild of the lever 8 alid the de(ri-ee of coiiipi,ess@on of the sprilig or sDi,ii-i(Ts rl bi: 1'eisoii of the rel'ative positioll @f tl@e spriiigs aiid the swiiig- or) iiig elads of the lever ,is @uo the pivot 9 of the lever. Upon-an excessive rtioveineiit, do-,vnWardly of the fraine or, up@-,,-,Idly of lever -,trm, the gprino:s 11 cii,e sr, coiiipi--Iss-.cl that the coils of th@ slme ii-.Lf.)ve solidly iiito loo abutinont ,ilid the whole cloivnwird tlirust is tliel'i transliiitted to the rii.-,ili spriii-, S. A soliiewhat n-iod,i4.ied foriii of the device is showii iii Figtire 3, iii which the sliackle connection 5 as betweeii ilie spi@i,@ig S aiicl tl-ie ROG lever arni 8 is oiiiitted; the lever arm. beiiig

1,490,507 ,tttached directly to the bolt B. Iii this form the teiisioii bolt or bolts 12 are ai-riiiged axially -within the respective spi-iligs 11 ajid 14. To prevent aii undue relative opeiiiii 9 o'f the lei,er iriii 8 aiid the bracket -), the c6iiiAected ei-.tds of these parts are pl@ovided with a knuckle stop joiiit 16. It is ujiderstood that variotis foi-iiis of me,,ins iiiay be utilized for coniiecting the 10 bracket 2 to the liorn 14 of th cliissis fraiiie, differeiit forii-is of connectioiis beiiig slioin-n in Fio-iii@es 2 and 3, tllese coiidections bein@,@ variable accordiny to the (lifferent types (;@ frame eiids. T'll@ connectiiig pai-ts of the 1,5 bracli:ets iiia), be fastened as by claiiipill 9 clips 17 or o@iierwise. In Fi(rure 2, a c]aTlIping leaf 18 is adiustablv se-etirecl to a bolt 19 in e3,es of the brielcet 2; this claiiiping leaf IS beino, aaapted to rest on the tippei, 20 part of the fiorn and be clamped by a clip and bolt shown at 20. A feattire of iiiy invention consists in tli(@ connection with a pair of I)r.,ickets 2 of a vehicle bumper, wliieh includes an@@ siiitably 25 shaped cross bqr 21 pii@otallv connected it 29@ to a borizontaII3, extendin,; I)iii 2i3 slidably n-iourited in bearing i)ai4ts 24 proiided at the upper part of ea'cl@ of the I)r@telcets 2. Between the bearings 24 and the outer ends :;O of the pins 23 are stibstantiil slioclc al)soi@billig springs 25, wliieli are desigiied to yiel(l@ when a bloav is striielc oipi-esstii-e is applied to the btimpei- bar 21. Tlio reir end of tlie, pin 23 is proi,ided witli a ntit 2C) Iii-i-iitin(- 35 for-",ard iiioveinent of the pin in its beai-ln,- 24. It will be seen that eitlicr en ' d of .t bui,np6r bar 21 mi-y be piislied inwardly @vliile the opposite er@d pivot is in its connecting bolt 21 att,,Lcliing it to -t pin 23. 40 There mty be cases in wliieli it is desiral)le to reinforce the connection of the slioek absorber to a vehicle fraine, and this I)e a(@ ' complished by a brace Iiiil@@ 28 wliieli iilay be attached to ears or lugs 29 forniing t part 45 of or attached to the brqcli@et ,triii 2 and which brace link extends to and is connected with the frame or pait R in any suitable iiaanner. In Figure 4 a form of the device is shown 6( in which the brace 2, instead of being connected to a horn of the fraiiie, is connected. to a side me mber of the frame ,is b a bolt y 4 at one end of the bracl@cet and ,t c,ap scre)v or bolt la at the'otlier end passing tlirougli 55 a. lug 211. In other respects this form of the device is simil,,tr to the constriietion sbown i]DL Fi-ure 2, exceptina that the btimper parts are c@mitted; this m@'dification of the shoclz, absorber beinly adapted for attachment to 60 vehicles whicl@'n-ia@ be already provided witli front or rear bumpors, As seen in Figure 1, the b-racket is laterally widened, as is the le-,,er ariii 8, so as to provide seats for the ends of the dii@lex 65 springs 11. An advantage of the duplex system and -wide forin of cotistruction is that tendency of the device to side-s-way is pi-actically overcom6. Centering lugs 2c and 80, ai-e I)rovided,to receive the ends of the springs ind liold the 70 saine -,igaidst dislodginent. Further embodiments', iiiodifications and variations n-iay be resoi-ted to ivitliin the pi-i@nciple of the invention. What is