li441@9,14 linlis ")f 'uhe chains -11 co-,inecte(i t6 the iiolclers.2 to guai@cl ,tgainst r-Libbliig ag,,tins't, the tii-e b-,, the h6ldei-s 2 or the teri-p-iiill@l li'nks (t o-.@@' the cross-chaips. whiet-i termina@li:s because of thei,,@ connection to the holj,ei-s 2, are sli,,-I-itly Iii-ii-ited in MoLi6ii Or stiff" a, @ilso t(,@ gii,-,rd ,to-aiiist rtiboing au-,iins'Ll Tlie@ t@tb chqi-n ,5 is then passed throiil"h the i\,heel, on one -,ic",e of sa-i(,-[ si)ol@e. t@breided thro-Ligii the lo@1) 4of the liol(@.ei@ 1), to -,@,-hich it is not peimt-.ieD-tlty attaelie@,,., tlien bi-ou,-o@,lit -@ie oLIiei- s]Cie tiie coi,- 15 -qecto?, PA, t@ii,eqdeci into the netrest link @lo @ki-,e 'ioo-o I OP t b fii-st --@,nentloiic,(i liol(',ei- 2. nector F@ is liooked lioldei@ '-). T-' i.s I'l -,rrtL-geinent limit tl-i 20 peripllel-,I,I, ov pl-ac-tielllv prevent. the 'ier@il, movc,,m nt of t@e -ccnit ivi'i reperipi e Ul l,ttion to the Av.ieel. 0,'@ course i-t is not esseiitial tl-i-,)t the tal) 5 illiistr,-,tecl be eliiplove,-I, or tliat, if iisccl, eitjier o-@' i@(@s e-ncis 2 -0 be peryiiai-iei-itly connected to eitb(,r ho'l-cler 2, i-ior is it essen6al that tlie, -"c. coi-inector E illustrated I)e Lised. lvhile this nne@ctor has -iven s,-,'(Iisfac (- @'Tilts, s of connectors vtill 'Coi@y other form S-L, rice. 3o In 'Lhe modification shown iii F-igtires 8 and 9, by ii@i,,@v of-. -LpLir'L-"Iler ex,,'tliiple oii-ly, the consti@tiction ancl oper,-ltion tnd mocle of applicatiod. -ure the same in the forin above (-Iescril)o-,!, excep'L tiiat the t-,vo otiter 35 cross-ch,,tiDs l@ oi' tl-ie scLi(I ,tbove describ,-d foriii are replaceet by crol-s-chaiiis 11' coiisiderably siiialIGr ii-i crosssee'Llon th,,tii centr,,i,l cross-chaiii 1,1 tllis CoDstri-iction resiiltiijo, in foriniiig t unit, the port,,o--@-i T@'-\vhlch ivill slope from tl-@e eenter tow rd 40 0 a sicle ai-id so inill sv@bstantlally redtice the sliock or jar ea-Lised t)v the tr-tetion --ooi-tion as it stril@es an,-l lerves tiiie@ o,rouncl. HaA,in-o- tliiis described n-i iiventioii, y 45 what I claim as n,-", ircl desilre to se,,,iire b Letters Pptent is: 1. A wheel and ,t tire iiioi-,,n d Iliere?ll, "le " co@-iil,)@Iiia'u'lon iv'th a tr,-@ctio,,-i device inotilife,l on sqid wheel ,tr@,d comprisinl,- a 50 cross-ch,,ii-ii, exteiiclin(, -t,-ross the ti--eacl,"o-le the tire ai-id consisti-,iu o@L' tivo series of Ion ' tidin, ii-itertlireide(", ti@,isted '@inks, @git illy -' aiicl 1-iieaiis con,.i@@eted to the links ol' oi-ie of stid serles of linl,:s for securi-n(r 55 sii.cl cross-ch,,ii,,-i in i-iioii-@ited. i@ela-tion-Li-Do,, th@@, -vtheel, whereby the linl@s of each series ,,Ire left Lill(listrLrbed ia,-itli . relation to the I.Iiili:s of the otlier series and ,t ii-iiiform flat surface will be presented to the tire tread 60 f-,Lce. 2. A cross-cli,,till for ari,aiio-ement across tl@e 'Lreaa of ,t v,ehicle tire, s@ticl cross-ch,,tin con-iprising. a, pILii-alit-y 01 101, 9111-,ClinaII3, arran(yecl iiitertlireaded , caell linl@@, ex6'5 cept the links at the en@t portions. havin(y t' e b I ir v LI-te tbed- th-is coii',-oop 4 (,f this e ,ill- le@tst four other threaclecl t@r6-,igl-i it, tl-ie cress-sectio@,i@ll area '6'L en(I of eaci@ li7,-ik reizi@@L:lon tci the ,trea enclose(I y ti-k d6te,,.rp:iied 1,, 'he niiiii])el'-, of tlire@icied therethroti(yh 70 wl-iile ji@st, siifhelent roo]7ja for the li@-.ilcs to tti.n on eacli othei, to ,jei -Amit fl-exin,,- of the cliein. wlierebv the cross-el-tain 'Is ,@7itil I coinposite sul)- staiitiill.)7 Lir)-bro-'L@ell si-irf,,Ice for enua(yement 75 t'ile tire flexibility of tl)e @liain. ti-a -t;o,-, ,,',civicc@o, on -kA7heel an(i ,.i l@lr@rality of crosscli,,Ii-Tls 'for acros,,3 'the tread: of (9 0 -LI-IL 'Uii-c tiiereol'. @@@teb eonsistir-ig o@' t 0-IL lo,-i(yitii.cliTially ari-at-lged each linli:, except the I II l'iiks ,tt t' e eiid portions, li,,LA,inu @it least -ilotir otliei- '111@Ics tlj-reacied throuo,h it the 85 cross-seo,@-oii,,,,l area of each end oi each lii-ik 'th r6l enclosed b s,,tid v@T I ,itiol@i '0@o tile v by the num@er of si@niillll,@: thre-,Lc'ted therethrougli - while le,,iiing jiist s-,ili-icleiit room for the indi-vicl- 90 -uial to oAa each other to perii@it (i- thi@ cb-,Ii-n, -@ithereby each cross-clipin is formecl with t. composite subSt e -ti s anti,,!!]-,; Linbrok tir-'L@ace for eno,,,,,oement b@ the 'c'@re witho-Lit s,,,,crificing flexibilit,-@ of 9,-) the chal.n. 4. @'@ wheel and a tire tliLereoTi, in combinatioii witli a traction device mounted on said ivheel aiicl compt@ising a cross-chain extendiiig -@ei-oss the tread of said tire and coi-isist100 ino- of t-@yo sei-ies of lon(fitudinally intertili-eaclcc-t 'Lii-iks, ea6li link of eacli sej--ies beinu 2-ii, cii a substantially unii'o,,@.-tl'l t-@vist of ,,t least 90 defyi@ees iiieasured between planes tangent at the eiids of the part-icular links, saild'links 105 ill Lei@,g ti,-,isted iii the s,,ime cliree'U;@on, ayid each link of both series being I siibstantially of the s-@,me size, proportions ancl sliape as each of the otl-ier lijiks of both of said series, ivhereby a fi@Lt sn-iooth siirface of a flexible 110 ain is present rope-like ch ed to the stirface of the 'uire. 5 An inde eiident tr,,tetion u-Tlit for arp rangemeT-i'L on a wheel and comprisitig a pILi-,!alitv,6-,P cros@,-eliaiiis. i-i ari-,iD@,ed rc,,Ia- 115 tioii, extei-idin.E,,, across the tread of the wheel tii@e, eacli cross-chain consisting of a plurality of series of lopgitlidinally iiiterthreaclecl tayistecl linl@:s. tincl nieans connectecl to the terminal links of one f s o aid series of linl@s 120 of the respectiie crosschains for anehorin" saicf elloss-chaiiis oii the ivlieel, - wliereby tll@ liplcs of each of saici series are left - Li@clisttirbed ivith relation to the Iiiiks of the other serie's ancl a tiniforni flat siirface wi,ll be 1 2,,5 preseiitecl to 'Uhe tire 'he said means being formed to h6ld said,.t-erminal linl3:s of the respective cross-chains in spaced arrangement closelv acliacent to each ottier in order that in special conditions of the road the 130

1,441,9,14- 'cross-chaiiis may be longittidinally twistecl about each other and coiiibine with each other to form a single relatively smootl-i. tliiek, chain-rope. 5 6. A wlieel ancl a t-Lre thereon, iii combiiia't,'Ion -vvith a 'raction device mounted oii saici ivheel ancl coiiiprising a traction eleiiient coiiaprising eiid portions consistin-,- of t@,vo series of longituclin,,Llly i nte7-threadecl 10 twisted links, ancl iiieiiis coni-iected to the termliial links of one of saicl series of IiiilKs necti O-L eich encl I)ortion for coii iig s-aid traction eleiiieiit across the tire ancl, 1'6r selo CL13-IDt,)- saicl trt,-ction ele-rneiit in iiiouiitecl ro,1,,Ltion oi-i said wheel whe-ieby the linl@@s of ea,-,I-i series of lii-ilcs of each eiid portion of the tractioji elemeiit are left undisttirbed wi 'th relation to the links of the other series ancl a up-ifori-ii fla,(' slirf ace ivill be preseiited 2 0 toivard the tire. 't. A -wheel and a tire tl-iereon, iii combiss-chain fol@ nation witl)- ft cro arrftngement across the tread of said tire, said cross-ch,,tin conl@pi,isi-n,-@ @). I)Iura,lity of series of 1.6.ngl-- 25 ti-idinal.ly in.terthreadea Iiiiks, eacli link, excel?t the links at the en(-! portioiis@ li,,iviiiu @it least four other sinilay iiiili@s ilireaded, tl-irc,ugh it, the crossi-sectional area, of each end ol' each link with relation to the area 3o enclosed by the said link being determinc,,d by the irainber of si.-nilar links threaded. tlierethrough while leaiing just sufficient rooiii for the individ al links to tiirn on u each otiier to permit flexing of 'Uhe chain, all of said links having a substantially un foim- 3 5 tivist. S. A cross-chaiii for arrangeineiit across t,l-ie -treid of a vehicle tire, said crosschai.n comprising a. plurality o seri S 0 loiigit,t idinally,interthreaded twisted links. 40 oiie of said series of said links being ireely suspe ndecl in another of said series, and iiiectiis connected to the respective Lermi.nal Iiii@ Ts o'L the latter series for socuring said crosschain transversel3r across the treal of 45 the tire, wl-tereby the links of each series will be left uiiclistlirbed -with relatioi-i to the linIKs of the otlier series hnd a, unifor fl t s m a tirf -ce will be presen't-,ed to the 'Lire tread f ace. 1 9. A traction device for arrangeluent on a 50 iihoel and comprisiiio, at least tliree crosscliains f-or ,trra-ngen-ient across the tread of tli.e, tire thereof, said cross-chains beil@g ol I]- tiform lon@ztli aiid. arrlinged with the sides of the O-Liter cross-chains stibstaiitially in en- 55 \Ait,h the sides of the central cr6ssqiid nieaiis for holding the terininal portio ns of such cross-chains in arranged relatio n. LOUIS W. CHISM.

Patented Jan. 9, 1923. l@441,214 UNITED STA@TES PAT:ENT OFFICE. LOUIS W. CHISK, OF SPRINGEIELD HASSACHUSETTS. TRACTTON DEVTCE. Application filed May 31,1921. Serial No. 473,605. l'o all, qo7lom it, ma,?/ concem: Be it Imown tl4at 1, Lou-is W, CHISII,I: ,it citizen of the Upite(I St,,,Ltes, Springfielcl, in the count of H,,tmpden: 2n@', y State'of- Massaclitisetts, halve inven ed. certain De-@,v ancl use@ful lnlpl'ol7ements i.n Ti-action Devices, of which the follOWlD(r is a specific,,,-tion. This invention rela-tes to cross-cliains or lo traction elements and traction -Linits embodying said eleme-nts more particultrly for -Lise on pneuraatic tires aiid especia,ily valuabi-e on the very large or giant size i)iieumatic tires usecl on heavy ti@ucl3:s, and -is capal)le 15 of use with advan.ta-e, on thp- sm,,tller sizes of pneum,,ttic tires atid, for that inatter on al'@sizes of solici tires also, the weight lind,size of the 'ndiviclu,,tl cross-el-iains bei.lig propoi-- tio.nate tc, the size of the ti-re to whicl-i thc,, 20 particultr iinit is to be appliecl. i@ The object mo.e es ecially in vieiv is to p provide a cross-chain -@vhich mgy be m6unuecl W a ter, cut or puiict7Lire the same. which m,,,IT be readil applied to even the. (yreatest si.z-- y tn giaiit pnetimatic tire ivhile the -@vheel is in a 30 mp@d hole, giid which may also be tised on all tires, whicli mty be used either as a, pall't of a creeping chaiii or -as parl of -tn anchoreo, iinit, or unit molintecl in sLLel-i maniier is to prei,ent, o@ Iiinit, its movemeiit periphei,a@llv, 35 of tl-ie wheel -which -,inill h ave a relatiiel.@ smooth re,-nlar surface and -will hvi, e a,, Iftrge be,,tring surface on the tirle, which \vill be ver flexible, lilc- the usual chain in tl.l diy 't r rectioiis, ",hich will have D-o str, nds,o parts 40 to be fralTeCl out, bent and 'driven into the tire and whicli cannot roll to such positioil that its links -will be I)resent,ed edge-wise of, and etit, the tire. A f-Lirther obje--t is +Lo s6 combine q. cross-el-ia-in or pluritlity o-;'. cross45 el-t,,tins of the al)oi-e mentioned tYI)o itli rneans for holdino, it in a 1.(@l,,LtivelIT fixed perip-heral position oii the tire i@n su@h -%Ya.), that tl-ie holdinz means and the terniinai links will not c@ntact witli the tire and so 50 that the ends of the cross-chains will be held in spaced relat,ion so that the.IT caiiiiot become bunched, and so, by mas;iiia form -,t -- I lum.p to r-Lil) against a--qd blister tl-ie tire. -k still further object of my inveiiti6ii is to pio,Vide, a,,,itoinatically positi,oneci unit 55 wljlch -vvi'll h,ave no D6sitive connection witil th element.,3 of t @vh lie eel in slich n-ianner as 'tS 0 7-11 t linlit I abilit.IT to 6reep or t be ovecl in altrins,%,,erse pigne ,i@boii@ tlie 'tire. t]4ouo-h for COI'Iveriience the ta@2: e@-ain may b(@. passccl 60, on oppositc@, sides of an: i:ntervemng spoke, as sho)i,-Yi iii the drawing, fqr tli(-, purpose o'L 1;@il lit'Ing tbcl peripheril m6vei-iient of the iiiiit,withrelation6othetire,ancifelly. The a7Lito mati,c actioi) is obttilled b@, havin the 65 9 '@,r e@id. poi@ti6ii of the Lini-t heovier tl-ian the t@ic y T,)ortioii oi@ ot.her intervening pai@t or pol,- tioii s aiid so f.ar, as this particul-,ir object -i,,@ coiieei@ned this is all tl@at is necesstry to att@,dri it,, so that@@ no particular type or con- 70 sti@tL6t'o 6f tr et' n@ el 'I ii @l 10 eme nt or tre,,t d element is necessary so long as it is heai,;,er thai-i 'Lhe other portions or parts o'f the uiiit. 0-@ie -reatlire of the I inventioi-i colisi@ts in using multiple link @ross-chains, in -@vhicll 75 the. links haire a certainapproximate deo,ree P I e r s - , g e c t i o n t l a r e a 8 0 o-f t,he eiid btr of eacli linl@@ li-.s a cert@,tin clefiiiite relatioii to the area en(@losed by s,-Lid linl@c, ,Lll of the links 6f sgicl er6ssehltin be-I s ii g of stib tantially t,he same -ize 9,nd sh,,ipe. A filrthcr feattire co-n,3ists i.n providin- @in 85 Z - 1 aii.ehored i-,i,actioii. Li--qit., th,,tt is aii(@,ioi,ed, 6'r llc,,,@triet(.,,d 'Lo some 6xtent ,igai.nst pei-ipheril inoN,e-Tnent tholigh ea ,Lble of haiin-- ,L ii,i(le p ange erSel-)T r 6f mo@Terfie nt tr@"IISA7 of the wlie el, for be@ivy truck I)ileuinatic tires, ill 90 whic li uiiic tvtlo or -TnOre hea-@Ty cross-el-ia,,.ns will be located very c!6sel-.y turallel to ,t nd p I I adja ceiit to, each other i-n order tl at in Lise, -I espe ciallv in muddy p,,oiiig, tlae), i-Pay sirili:e igaip st eael-i otlier witl-i hanime-r-lili:e bloavs 95 tnd so keel) each other free of m-Lid, and prei,et-it e,,,ch other @frorp becominu cloo-ged and the iinit as 9. AAI-.tole froni becomli-i(y slieli:. A further feat-ii-re is tlie@ coinbiniilg of .t plui @alitl, of sucli trliction eleinents or eross- I 00 ch,,ti ns @ivitli anchorino- meais for @lioldinu ti@e terminals of- the cross-cl-i,,'tins in spocecl on tlae wl-leel in s-tich manyier as to I?revent', of sill)st,,,,iitiall.y uniforni tii7ist. Another fe-,tor to limit, peripheral movemen'r, of thc,, tui@e is tl-ie eml3l6yment of s-Lich ncross25 uiiit as t whole on the -wheel and -wl-iieli,,wl@eii tha,t is, 9, ilILlItiple link cross-cl)ain in thus mounted, ill not he t, b-Lirn, rlib, blis, ivbieli the rel tioll of the os rel-,Lt-lon biit closely adj in order tl-lat tl-ii-, )il-Li@rn n-ity be loiioitticliii.@lly otlier to 1)rovide i. sho rope Ni,hich -Nvill not ha jectiol'is to dalmage the cent to eacli other of cross-chailIS d about eliel, io5, enecl thici@-- li,-.ble p e all-N, abrtipt p,-ore a@ld which mav

1,441,214 be used in this ma-nner as a speci,,tl emercreney device in case the trlielc aets into a deep rnud-hole or a, streteb of mliddy ro,,ic-I hgvino,7 no ilriu bed or the bed of ivhich is dee-,,)Iy covei-ecl wifti n-iud. A 'Lur@'@her f attire 's . e - I thtit ',)y m,,tkiii(, the treacl portion - he-av-L.-r z' th,,tu the 'La(,y cli-,tin or fastening i-neaiis the chain ,Lncl -wh-lel combine so that ti-ie centri-'LLi(Y,,il force genc-i-ated by the i-otatic,,.i of 10 the, Aviieel -will thro-w, the center o-'--' the heaviest portion in oxi,-t.1 a@'Lignment with tlie, exget central vertical plane of the ivheel --ncL so l@eep the tread portion of the unit in COTrect traiisverse position on tne tire q@iid pre15 vent the connecting devices. hooks or tl-ie iii@e from irouncl on the tr(,,@d of the tii-e aiid eliiiiinatin(- all need I"Ol' speel,@,anchor,@ii@',,evices either teiApoi,ii-ily or pei@- I ma,nently applied to the spokes, -L'ellv oi20 other p,,trt of the wheel. -li briei'ly thc, pi-'-n,,,-.y 6bject.-@ I have set forl and soiiile of the feattires, of w-y in,@,ention above, other object's Teattires '7@ill be brouglit Out ii-i tl-i(, fo--Ilowiii,, (let,,ill desei,il)- 25 t-lon of my initenti-on. Usually tracti(,,n devices ,,re applied onl@, to the poiier or drive ivheels of the truck or maelilne, biit it is 'L'6uiad tiif,,t it is especiqlly clesir,ible iii mudcly sections oi- in @lipperl7 30 going @Llo equip all tl-io-,igh a sin!zl . i-,ni.t ,ipplied io each fron't -wheel -Niill slifflee, the a-,Ii,,,intao@e b-,Ing tht@@,t this eii,,ibl,es tlio steering vvhee'ls to take hoaci ind bi.@Le 'Iiiio the sides of r-Lits aiid will eii,,,ble the cl,.,Iver to 35 steer the tri,-tek otit of i-ii'cs aiid Lvold follo-,vin,-, 'clhe 1),,it'ii of ottiers -iicl the -,q(- ,eessity (tT. C-IcliiiQ@ @vliere tlie), cl;.d. slidii-i(- ski tIn 'L-he accon-ipan@ii-i(,y dr,,iiiin<ys Figure 1. represents a si@te elevatioi-i of t 40 segme-@-it of a -v,,heel 1-iav'n- a alant size pijeiiii-iatic 'Uire )Yitli P trictioii iinit of miiltiple lini-, coij.-iriliction c, oss - clii,it-is combii.io@l tbere-",ith; Fl,,Yi,ire 21 a, pl,,Ln oL Fio@-Lii-e, 1. lool@;n(y 45 froiii the hi@,b to \vqrcl th, @, fe!13, - F-I(Iytire 3, ,). de'uail vie,,, 'Of ,, ),Ortion of one ol' the cross-ch-,Lins sbo-",ji iii Figiii-e the ',,rc,F@ent illu,,ti,,i,tioii beipg iiiacle ,tecordiii- to e- -a,.,,t scale aiid of the 9,,,,ttial size (,f a (1(,- 50 N,i-ce o,., uiilt actuallv iiia(le ancl tes,.ed oiit @y,ith s,)tisfactorv results; l@'io,ure 4, ,t sectioii,,il -vieii, on lu-he line 4@-4 of Fiy. 3; zn Fi,,Ytire 5, a sectional vieiv on the line 5-5 55 of Fig. 4; Fi tire 6, a clf-,tail vieiv oT ,t 'Uliree,-stfari(.1 9 uiiit, the tib-cl-i,-,in and cross-cliains beii,.,,@ bi,oken lq,v,-av, this view beid,- as to the lii-iks of the cross-chains ,incl. the ho'lders 2 to 6 c) exact scale and o'L one-lialf the act-Liil si@6c of a iiialt ,ictiially niaclc- @-,icl tested witli ,;atisf,ictorv resiilts. beiiio'LI-le sai-iie clevice referred 'Lo iaiti-i reg,,,ird to Fig-Lire 3. Figi.ire 7, q- -,,i-e-w, on the same scale as c,5 Fig. 6, of substaiitially ,L oi-ie-h,,tlf lenf"@1-1 of said Linit, the tread or cross-chains of -whieb ,ireillustrated as longitLLdinally twiste-,l ,i,bout e-.ch other 'co form a sLibstanti@I'Lly sniooth thick chain rope foi- temporarv lise in spec',il eiiiergencies; 70 I 8, a fra@rmedtarv vie-w of a part L cf the tread poi-tion, on the same scale as Figures C, and 7, of a inodified Linit in -vvhlch tino )titside cross-chtins ,tre smaller in el-oss-seetioii th,@n the central ei,oss-chaiii, 75 and Fi@,,urc 9 represe-nts a sectional vienv oji the ll'ne 9-9 of Fiulire S. Tqere seems no occasioii to add furthei, to t'@ie illustration iT) -Nvhi@ h i-w() for,-n's 80 of i@-iv iii@7e@iTion i.,,e set fortb, it beiilg 01I)VIolis tj@,i"l m-Liltiple ei.-o,,@schti.ns of tli(,, ai)o@,e ty 6, niiy 3,)e enipl.oyecl haviilg -.Illy p clesired ii-iiilti- le of lirks ti-id that as maliy ci,oss - cliains pei, tinit for an indepencient 85 Liiiit t), . pe ot tractio,,i device, ii-i,,iy b-, emp-l,)y,-,cl ,is desired iinci that when so ari-ange@i ',-], e, w;@ 11 1),,@ i-el a'u-'Ive! v close 'o o'etlier, or @ f or tli,@it inav totieli, to fiiriiish a n-t@Lt or iiot siiik into the tire as 90 ae(,-@)lv @is ,@ single cross-chain. this arranaement bei.n@-- eSI)e(@iallN, d(,sir, @ble oii (yi@,ilit tii-e-, of beavy trucks. It is also +Iiiat these i.nclependent units m.-y be eiii])Iovecl, if clesiied, witli aiiy suitatle 95 anclioi.@in,, cle@,ices -in s,,ibstitution. for the pi-esenl@ ,Iltllo,,IP-'h-such ,tddition,-ti aii(!Iiori@, d-evices are not gt I)ut sill-li)ly acld to the cost of the as it ;s foiind that I)y 100 tlle ti,eacl po.Ition of flie traction ui-iil- I)eav;et, @,,ii thc, t,,tb-chai 0 mef,.iis, n or tliei- seciirin@_r the force aeneratecl 1,)@- the rotatioii or' tiie iy, bee! -\vill tb, ow the cei-iter o ipoliitof ravitv'oitlietreadpoitioni-adl,,illv 10 5 olit-v,,-arcl into il-ie central verti-,al p.l.-,iiie of the ii,leel apd keep it tl-,ei,e so lon2, as the y@,lieel is roi-,atinp;, thus li:eepino- tlie'- '('@action I .1 , , t e -Tlit 'p cor,.@ect 1)ositioii on 1-i -wheel an(I keepiiiu the coiinectipg lioolcs frolil ri( I -I' 110 ailotincl ont,) tbe tre@iCE of the tire. vi-id this aiiton-i@)-tic i)ositi6iiin- iction f(Ilolirs re(larclles@s (-@' 'Ile' ion or traction y 01' corstrtict cliaiii oi@ otl)@r tr,,tction or treftc! clem,,nt so loii- as '(,I-ie tre-,d eleme'nt !)Ortioii employecl 115 is, heii,;er than t,-iy other poi.-tion of the iinit. @@llso, it is obvious tl-lp"t tte ,?ai"ticLilar ti,pe or coiistr-Liction of- cross-ebain h ei,ein set forth ,i,s onlc., o'L tl-te Ye,-lt-Lires of this ii-ii,entioii iii,,i,y bl" eui@ployed as ,i cross-cli,,tln of- a creep- i2o iii- tvpe of apti-skicl oi- tractior, assei-nl)la@_,e. Fov t@l(' (Tiq-nt -")Ilel"mati,- tl'res it is neces@7' sir'), 'tO IISC, 1.11,'.Iel)enclent uni'us tnelioi@ed n.L"@iiiist moi@-enient, 6r Avhose is only to t 'li-,nite(t extent pe- 125 i@-it t). oii to the tire and iv, 1-ieel fe'lli @he "7 in ord(,,,-- ti-iat t I-vlieel candot move iiide-,Deiae,,eii@@-ly oi' t-lie traction -Linit, blit mtist i-i,,(-,ve eiei-i on steep hills irrespective of the -wel,-;I-it of the trtick and its load. 130

1,441 214 Also, the -Lise of independent utiit on giant pneumg,tic tires is pi-eferable for m.any rea,soiis a)-non(l@,' otl-iers, because the tinits niair be applied to @he Aheels tfter tlie triicl@ -ets mired ay)(]. in stich eireiim- stance-, that as a pr,q.ctlc,t,) inatter it iioulci be iyflpo,,@sible to @ipply anv other tvi)e of traction device aiso ai-iy number of stich units as reouired bv the eircumsto,-nees may bo applie(l, in many ca.,-@6s 10 one or two to; each drive -wheel will be aiiiy)le, in other, speci,,il c-ti.-cun-ist,,tnees .,riay 1)6 ci.esirable. rieferring i-ioiv in detiil to the @it-aAvin(-s t, @ in @vhich only -,"wo forms of my iiivention 1,5 @)re illustrateil by ivav of exa-mple, it beini-r ],,ecoo,nize'l tb-at mariy other forms ancl v,,triatioi.is be i-tiacte withiii the I)riliciples of ('If r-@iy invc,,-itioii as claimed, -iV desigun,tes the sp6l@es, tl,ie felly, C the rim aiid D a, 20 pneuiiiatic ti,@,e of tl-ie laro'er gi-@nt type. t@, The aiiti-skid or tm, etion unit ill7Listrated In t'ile first seven ,- ievvs coi-ni-)rises three erosscliaiiis 1 haviii- theirre-spective terminal links, ivhich are oi' the so-ine se-,ies @irranffed ut i 25 or threaded oii the o e bar o - ct closed I.oop or holder 2. -which,li:ls it-9 elid port@ioii,-,, of its raci.if.,,Ilv idner bai-, depressed or pressed towarcl th6 ot[tcr bir at i) to -,,@'orill t-@vc, eD.(l cyes in vtl;lch are located Go I_ncl held tlie terldinal Iiiii@@s of the two outeicross-chains, tlie'iiitermediate 'portion of the i-adi,,tll)r ini-ier bar being bent. in th6 form 6T ,t loop 4, tl-ie adjaceiit,,-,i(-'t(IS t)f i)i,e nt )noIF(Iment of the central cross-eb-,in I on the. 35 FaCt@,tll)! o@-it(,,r bar bet-NNT(ler, tbe ;should,ers 3 of the rtdially inner bar. Th@,s coi-i@tri:!.ctio-.9 gLiti-,c@ls,agtiinst,the 'Ue@mii)-@il portio--,is o-il the ciloss-(.,hairlEll 1. I)econibuncliecl and foi@miii stiff Iiim that. p io;ht rlib ai t Lncl 110 ns blister tl-ie side of the tire. Frop.1 aecual te@-t it hits been founcl tliat. it i.s hi,,,)- hl y important to keep the ternilnftl port-ions ol tl-ic crosgchlitins separtted to @11TO,d tlie tibove i-nentioi3.edris'[;[. 45 it ",ill be noted ',Iiat the series 6-,P links b. AVI'licl-i tlireadcd thi.,Ough the links a a,-n(I throligh e,,tel-i othe ,t proxi-qi@'Lely a I t tl-ie, p ill'to@dle porti,)n Of eich lilli@: a, do iiot bear. their iiiner ftecs tgainst' the c rreA),] 0 50 sp(:)ii,-@,ing@ ftees of the @ li.nks a, buf are I indeiellclell,,.:ihereof- aiad 'i-eely suispendecl thereiii or therethrou(Yli and it is therefore iin. LI port@int to i-iisiire propei, of th I e (@hii-in ajicll,to avoid h,,,rmftil frictional slip, 55 ci' olle of, lilllzs o.-f the ellain with rea-tioii "Lo 'Lhe othei.- seri.es, to@ have th6 terl@l-iiks of each ciloss-chtin of the sairte bein- series a in the unit illtist@ated ,-i)d hlve this giiiffle series of links (@ beaiall wear iiiC) 0 pull ,tiid straii Of co-Lirse the cideiit to fric-@.ionti contact ivitli tho. ground -""ill be borne eqliall by botl-i seri6s of links. y Iiiili:s b are best described@ as a floatinu@ t, or freel@, stiqi)ended independent s , e@ies of 65 li-iil@s )A'hicla, nevertheless, haite a, distinct relat,ioii in proportioil, both as to size of- ilia,te'rial Lised ancll S17,e of individual lit-ik, to t.-he, links 'of s I e.-ie,; ct, both @series having the saw_e deoree of tavist,, ivhich ivill vary ,,omewha'u us@slly as betv,,,@en particular linl,:s but will 70 1,)i.ef6rably be @i,ithin , a. raiige of betweeii 90 to il6 de(rrees meastire@t between pla.nes i,antyent at the ends of the particular links. v@h--i;(@,ti@, ,, @l,,nooth, iiii,iform, flat, filled or slil)stantially solid cross-chain o I r , etoss- 75 (@1.)ain-roi)e is prod-Liced and which, when arl,ang ed on the whi.-el t-ire, will not become clis.@rrap(),ed, or @n, i,@hich one f the s ' : l@ -1 0 eries,or lin @s 'Will not sli,D with rel,,ttion to the' othell sell'ies and So (list@iib the arranuei-lient of the so links in such inaniier as to le,,tve a ntirqber of rel,,tively large openino@s bet-@@een 9, number of hi,iti-ips I ()f itiet.91. This is:of decidedimPol-taiice. The es 85 proportions of each lirik of each seri al-le siieh that., ior instance in the two seiies Iiiik cl-iain sholvn in ivhicti 'Loi-ir lidks are tbreaded tl-irough each link the diameter of the ci@-oss-se,@tion of lb-he C'Dd of eaeh link -will urth the dis- 90 i-ei,y sliglit]-v less than one-fo tai.-,ce I)etAveen the inner faces of the end porltiotis, ()f said Iiiikl, @all of said links belnq: iiacle so nearly as is practical of the same climelisions and forrn. The above propcrtions allow just sufficielit ro6m to p-,rrait @the 95 'Ibili ile aid ends and the @iesirecl fle@: t.)@, wh s adjacelit Dortions of tl-ie side b,,trs of the I @s tlireacled throu-h any @,riiTen link subl@@] @r, sta,n_tially fil' ul) tli.e space aefined b@ said Iiiili:, p@esenting a large and relativelv 100 81'pooLli substantially solid be@ring sLir'Lace of the iie@xible Iti,action 'element tl-ie tir(@ tread, aii(I produ-c.ino- in effec@t ,t flat ebaiii l@@()Pe@ Of coiii-@se if the - Tlilmber of links tli.i@eade(.[ tlii-ougli ,i Iiiil@ be, inereased then, 105 ',-lie proporti-,)ns will vlllry in ace6rdance ivith nil s a the Tpber of linl@ ncl the -.nuiyiber 6f geric-s 0- f@ links ivill be increased bv one-haj'f of the D UMI-)C@,r Of ariclitional links threi(le,,-l ti-ii-o-Li g@) -, - iven link@ 110 In the, p,,trtictilai., forni of Lini-t tctllllliilT illii -,tr,-tted, to the intei-i.-nediate lool) 4 oi' on e ofthe hold-_rs 2 is connected I-,lie t-ab 6r an(,,h oring or secitriiig el-iain 5, 1).refer,,tl)l) b-@, one of the terniip,,,,,l lo(@I)s of- the tab- 115 ch, ,,tin 5 Tormed ,i@otiiicl the @ @adi,,tllv iniie@ bar of silich holder 2 diiring the m,,tn,,.ifactiire or assembly of-, the unit. To apply the plrtictilar form of uiiit siio-wn to P,, , -%vheel,, the, cross-cli-ains ai-e pref - 120 ert bl.y ai@rti-i-aed on tl,-ie tire so thtt the ceii.- tral i@ortion of the eliiii-i is s-Libstan'tli ct i tiall y in line ),vi tb(, x ,tl line of a spoke 'Itnd so thtt the radial'ilt o,,iter bctr of each holder 2 is ridially , , ( @@ ti-ie raOLictll@, 1.25 inn ermost portion, of th6 tire, @thit is to say , so that the emo le tire-rim @Aill be r vab raclilillv bevond the rtcli,1,11)7 oi-iter b,-.r ofeach holder 2 and, preferably, radiftlly b-17 yond the radi,,tlly quter @nds the teriiiiiial 130