1,429,535 w, ater in the t@-tnk 5 is comparati N,elv shallow animal -w-ill not be forced to drink excesto the depth in the tanks 9, the wtier Ln the sivel.y he@tted water. 117hen not in USC a 35 tank 5 ivill therefore be considerably warmer slow surface eirculatioil is e's@ablished as than thgt in thp tanli@s 9 and it fol lo-,vs tliat,. 1,)i@evioiisly descri.bed. a ei-culdtion ivill be set up betiieen the tanks 5 and 9, through the openino- 10 ancl 11 the heated water passinc, out of the t'ItilZ -ie opeiiing, 4 er 5 through tl ,@pld,-,vat retu-rning froin the t,,tnk 9 to the t,-ink 5 by way oi io Lhe (?Pelli-ng 10. TTi this manner di,inkin(y water f o.r stock -II "I y -@o l@e li@ept f-roii@ freezino r I)econiino- unon .dtil3@ col(I in ivinter. ii the oth6r laaiid @l.'ui-ing hot iveather the insul,,ttion ol the 15@ tink cov.erings prei@e-Tits tl-ie temijerat.Lire of the ",ater b!eing ra,ised above the normal. 'I teiiiper,,Lttire of the w, ter suppl@ecl to the device I Apd a supply of cool di-inkiiig water, @i,q always tvailqble., 20, It Y@,ill also be obsera,ecl, when an 'animal is drinking from tli@e fount the heiitod w,,@ter ill the reservoir will be largely sul)plied to th@e fount tl-ii.-ough the relatively lai,ge opening 10 ajid this opening beino, loc@ited ,it a t miich beloiv the lei@el froiij w,,hich tl-ie 25 p@011) animal is drinking, should tl-ie Nvater in t-he T,Ose@voir be exactl. .3T liea,ted, this heated ivater will i@ot flow, into the, foiint Qn a, level '@vith the surfa@po @ from iihicli tl-ic tnijiial is 3o drinking, but' tich below the , animal's M inouth,'witl-i tlie r-esult th;a@t the heated @water is,rnixeld with the cooler@ ivateri in the fou,nt, before it roach @Qs the siirface and the liaving thlis described the inventioii wl-iat is clainieci is: stock @,raterer comprising a i,eservoir 40 :iiicl a fouiii@,havii-ig ,t common wa 11, the; bottom of -@,he reservoir beidg located at a bighei- lei,el tl-ian the bottom of the fotiiit v a supply pip,e enterinol- the r@lser oir, :a goat-actuated valve controllirig tl-,e P.,Is- 45 sage of -,,7@ater fi@om the pipe to the reservoi@r i@,id meails fo-r heatin2- tl-ie ii,ater il)- tj,,e rcservoir, said I-Ivall an elo@o,atecl slot disppsed close to tl)e bottom of the resei--voir w P,, said hai,ijig spaced 50 and belo the valv openijigs disppsed above the slot and of siii,,ill. area compa.recl i-N-ith the area of the slot the slot affording ,t relatively free el,rculation of water bet,@Neen the fotint and the res,ei,i7oir when the ivater is iii use ancl de,- 55 CTE@asino,, a, s,urface eircul.ation tending to cari@y exceSSilTely heated -water in tl-ie reservoir tlirouo-h t@e openings and aitording a :n slow surftee eiretilttion between the, fqupt and the reserltoir when the ivater iS nOt 60 in use. Tn testiinony th,,,tt we claim the fcregging As our own, Nve have hereto .tflixed our si,,, natures. JAMES E. W. RICHARDS. CITARLE, S E. RICHARDS.

Patented Sept. 19, 1922. l@4219 5'35 UNITED SI"ATES PATE:NT,. @@O@7@F@if JAXES E. W. P.ICHARDS A!\TD CHARLES E. RICHAP.DS, OF ARAPAROF,, NEBRA@SKA. STOCK WATERER. Application filed Jane 25 To all whont it may coq7,oem Be it kno-wn that we, JAkiEs E.:IV. RiciiARDS an(I Cl-TARLEs E. RICI-IAIZDS, CitiZenS O'l the United States, residing at Arapahoe, in the couiity of Furnas, State of Nebra@l-,a, have invented a ne'W ,ind: useful Stoel-, Waterer, oj' which the 'Lollowing is a specification. This inventi6n relates to st ek Nvatering 10 fountains and has f6r its object the pr6- 1920. Seriai No. 391,692.-: - From an inspection of Figiire 3 it will be seen th,,tt the bottom bf eadh@of the f6unt.S 9 is located below the: b6ttom of the r@servoi r 5 so that any dirt findinlg its wa,y intq the 60 device will sink to the bottom i)f t@,e @if)-Rks 9, from vvhence it may be' d.rained through -@Li outlet pipe 12, a plu&,1,3 servijlig to no@mally close the @o-Litlet. A h6ating compartMeLt 14 is @ formed b(,- 65 nelth the tanks 5 aiid 9,land,a, heatiiig 6lev i s i o n o f a d e v i c e i - n A v h i . c h , , i s u - D p l y o f i v a t e r @ m e n t , s u c h f o r i l i s t a l i c e a n @ o i l b 3 1 u r l l l i s m a i n t , , t i n e d , i t a - ' i i - x e d l e v e l - i n t h e c l r i n k - l a m i n d i c a t e d a t l 5 l i s i L i s e d . i . @ c o l d " % @ l e f t t h o r P, I @ ) @ ing fointain, provision beirtg ma(le for hee,- :@ to he@Lt said compart'rn-erit. @ A @cloot @16 is ing the Aiater iii cold weather also for propronrided 'n one@iv,,ill of:the@oonip,@trtmeiit@-4 70 15 tectino, the w,,Lter against high ten-lperature through which acces8 @to @,th6 inte'rior may be in extremely 'Warm iveather, so that 'u-he, hacl for the adjustment of the: lam and .,,t p i,vater is palatable to the stock at ,ill,sellisons. shtiti-er: IT, sl.ic'l@bly mounted in the doo,,, Novel arranuemeht of the clrihkihg fotin- provicles@ Tot controlling admission of air@ tains and wa,f@er heatin(y comp,,Irtment r@n- to the laml:). : A flu' e 18@ 106ateci at' @o@no side 75 20 ders the device sanitary ancl easily cleanable of th'e tank 5 opens through the- toi) oT the I @ m a y also provides for a maximum'-,lmoLiit of clevice ,,ncl condticts -,tny, f-LiTnes @thalt e -L' t heated -water at a minimum expendittir 6L arisefromthehea' er'., Acl,6stire!9i fitted fuel. With these and other objects in view, the 25 invention consists in the construction ,tnd novel combination of pirts berein-ift,er f-Lilly clescribod illustrated in the ,tceomany drawings, and pointed out in the claim @ereto ,tppended; it bein(z -Lindersto6d tha"Ll 30 variou changes in the f o@m z s , proportion, si e and minor details of coiistruction witl-iin the scope of what is claimed, rnay be resorted to withotit departing froi-n the spirit of the i-.qvention or sacrificing any of the advan35 tages thereof. I In the dra-wing Figure 1 is ,t plan view of the device; Figure 2 is a transverse, section; and FigLire 3 is a longitudinal sectional v;.eiv. 40 Like iiumerals o-f reference designate corresponding parts in ,tll the figiires of the dra-wings. Tn the ,tecompanying clr,,twino-S i-n which is ill7Listratecl the preferred embocliment, of 45 the invention. 5 desio-n,,ites a subst,,tntially i-ect,ano,,ular tanli: coi@stit-titing ,t reservoir, said tank being providecl with an inlet v@lve 6, the same beino- under the control, f a fl at '(, -wbereb-v a c ? 9 onstant level of w,,vter 50 is maintained in the taul@c from any sllital)le source of supply . , the, slipply pipe being indicated at S. A drinking To-Lint 9 is located at each end of the reservoir 5 and communicates there55 with through vertically spaced openings 10 and 11 formed in the end wall of the tank, -ir ly ilo the top of I"he@flue 'and@-@is;u@ed to etif, e close the sitme if @desired.. 80 The bottom and side walls of the clevice are insulated against the otitside,, temperature by a mall 20 whieh may be formed of bonrds or other equally non-conductive material. 85 s The wall 20 is paced from the walls of the tanks to form a dead air Space 21. A coverin(y 22 of paper or like material, furtl-ier assists in ren and a c,,tsing 23 of air tizht rs the@n- .9o ti re str-LietLire, prbtecting the same. S i A top cover 24:, constructed in a manner milar to the side walls, is fitted to the top o f the tank 5, and has flanges 25 whieb eng age the si.(Ies of said tank to prevent dis9 5 p lacetnent of the cover. A lid 26 i,@3 fitted to each of the founts 9 a ncl is provided with openings 27 f6r the - waterinly of small animals, such as swine, s heep o@ calves. When used for watering c ,attle or hors6s, the lids 26 may be readil y r emoved by relegsing the retaining lateb in_ c licated at 28. An inclined wall@ way 29 is provided, that a position fro-ni 105 s mall animals may mount to which to drink from t;he opening 27. It will be obsenred that the he,,Lting element is located apprioximately central of the b .ottom of the tank 5, consequently the g reater volume of heat from the heater is li o d ireeted against the, bottom of saicl tank. It will also be observed, that the depth of