[1]UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. FRANKLIN HARDINGE, OF CHICAGO ILLINOIS, ASSIGLTOR TO HAI' :)INGE 13ROTHEI RS, INC., OF CI-IICAGO, ILTINOIQ, A CORPOIZATTON OF ILLINOIS. FUEL-OIL BURNER. 1,403,952. Ipecifics,,tion of'@c-tters Patent. :P.,tteiited Jaii. 17, 1922. Application filed May 12,1920. Serial No. 380,794. To allto7tom itnzay C09@oe@'n: Be it kjiowii that I ' FIZANiiLiN HAPDING'EL, en ,t citiz of the Unitecl States residing a@ Chicago, in the couiity of Cook and State of Illinois, have invente:d. a certain new and usel'ul Iinprovement in Fuel-Oil Burners, of which the fo@llowino, is a, fu'Ll, clear, conelse,, and exact descript@ion, @refereiiee being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a io part of this specfheation. Aly invention relates to improvernents in fuel 6il burners, and is especially concerned ivith improvements in th,,tt type of fuel oil burner I wherein -the fuel oil is atomized b,y 15 t rotary atoniizing nozzle, one of the objects c,f my invention bcing to provicle a fuel oil buriier whiel-i -is c,,tl@),tble of completel), atomizillo,, c,i@,ude, oil the hetvier distillaies aiid resicluuin oils and j-iiixing the atomized fliel 20 witli air to forin a mixture tl-iat can bp- completely biirned witl-iotit the formation of smolce. The objects of my invention are,: First: To provide means for atomizing 25 fuels of the character described, of such c6n,,ti@iietion that the atomizing nozzle ivill not become clogged nor overcast witli sedi@iien@, and implirities deposited from the fuel; Second: To pt@vide aii oi'L buriier com30 prising an atonuzing nozzle ,tnd means for trea-tin,- tl-ie fliel before it reael-ies the atoiniziiig nozzle, in s-Lich a way as to prevent the :impi,iiities in the fuel oil from deposit:lll,i[pon alid aclhering to the siirface of the 35 Itoiiiizino, nczzle,; Third @'To proiride iii. oil bui@ner eojiipi--,@siii,, a.n atoniizin nozzle and means l@or s,,@il 9 )- jec-Lin the, fuel oil to ce@ntrifu(-al ,tction 1)@fol.o it i-, fed to tho itomizino, nozzle; 40 Foui,tli: To@ provide a novel motliod o'l L,Lirnin- ftiel oils of the chgracter desci-ibed,; Fifth: To provide a novel systein of litbricatioli for tlle mo,ving partsi of in oil buriier coml)rising a r,otary a@tomiziiic,r noz45 71e, whereby contamination' of t@he lubricating I oil by the, fuel oil is pi-e)vented; ,,ixtl-i:' To I)i,ovide novel mettn@, foi- cont,rollilig the flow of fuel to the, atomi.zing nozzle, said means beiiiu so col'istructed as to 50 prevert tli clirt and secliment fo-Lmd in fuel oils from clogoing and obstruct@ing tlie saine; and Seventli: To provide a novel tvpe of fire ]-,ox for an oil btirner, so constrtc@Le@L -,Is to pi@event the fire box from being floocled Nvith 55 oil i-n the event the flame is, for sonie reasoli, extinguished. Other objects Will tppea.r as t.Iiis des,cription pi-ogresses, i,eference bc-,ing 1-iad to the accompal-iying drawinos, in whicla60 Figure,,l is a plap. -' iiew of my improved oil burner; Figure 2 is a sid.@@ eleaation thereof Figure 3 is a, ve@rtic,,il lon,:-@itudin,,il s'ection through the head anc-[ atoi@izin- nozzle o2f 65 niy -i-Mproved blirner, this @,gure. s'l-iov, ii-ig ml' iiiiprovecl fire box constriletion iii centra',l vertical section; r' ig-tii@e 4: is a Nertical transiers,-, section tal@cen on lip-e 4-4 of Figure 3 - 70 Pio@iii-e, 5 I'S@ a, Vertical transverse secti.on taice.n -Lipon line 5-5 of Figure 3 Figure 6 is a. ve,rtical transve,-se seetion taken upon line; 6-6 of Fio,-Iire 2; ri i--tire '7 is a, sectional detail t@ili:en upon 76 Iiiie 7-7 of Fio-. 6; Fiuure 8 is a, side elevation of my ir@lproited needle valve for controlliii(' the Ioiv of f-Liel oil. to the atomizing nozzle -, -ie, coiisti,ue- 80 F ),tire 9 is a plan vieiv of tl t,-'-.on sliown in Figure S; Fi-tire 10 is a vertical transverse section takeii -Lipoia line 10-10 of ri igure 3; Fi-tire 11 is a plan view of the bottom of n-iv i,@a'lprovecl fire@ b6x, ce@r,tain port-ions 85 tliere@--f being broken aiv,,ty f6r the ptii-I)ose (,,f bc,,ttei- il.lustratio-j.1; Figui-e 12 is a sectioiii-1 det,,iil tilcen oTi I' .11)(@ 12-11) of Fiuure 11; aincl Fi"),Ilre i@l is@ aii eial,,irged seictioiial (.1etail 90 () ,t niodified form of sep,-,rator t,o be ii,;e(I iii (,@otiiiection ii,it@ll lliy atoilliziiic, iiozzle. Tiie soi@eral sections are; ti,lceii looli@ino- III t,',ie clirect-ion of the small ar,,i-ows. Tlii-o-Ligli.- oiit the figures of tl-ie drawiiigs, similar i@ef- 95 erep.ce ebaraetei@s ivill be use@d for i-eferi-i to sinaila.i- part.s. Pwferring to the drawin(-s ref(-,@reiiee cliaracte,-@ 20 iiiclica-tes the bedplate of iiav impi-6ved biirner which is pi@ovided iiitii - t.,",o 100 I-ono-itLidinallv exte@jidin(r rails. one, 21., of Y@,hi@'ch is flat'oii)jits uppei, sui-face iiid the other. 22, of wbieli is iii the forrn of an i'live@-ted V-ra,il. Sliclably mounted ilipon these tivo r,,iils is the b,).seplate 23, at oi-ie 105 end of ivhi(@h is iiiounted the, inotor 24, the of iilich c,,in beL co-,itrolled by the control device located in the box 25. Located at
[2]1,403,952 tl-ie opposite end of the baseplate is the ,n-ie,iiis by which T@ atomize the fuel ar.Ld mix it ilie proper aiuount of air to form a perfectly combustible mixture. I shall iio@v, by reference to F'-uures 3, 4 @,iid 5, describe the details of construction ot the means by which I accomplish this iesult. The reference character 25 iiidicates tl-ie central section 0-'L' t iiiore or less cylindri10 cal housino, -@vlaieli comprlq-es the end seetioiis 26 aiid 27 alid ivliieh supports the ball bearings 28 and 29 which rotatably suliport the holloiv spliidle 30. An ,innul,,tr eLLp 31 comprising spaced aiintilar walls 32 and 33 15 is detacliably secui-ed to the -Lipper end of the spindle 30 by inetns of the threaded coiinection 34:. The -Lipper eiid of the cup 31 is partially closed by the olitwai,dly extendin(r flange 35 of tl-ie ato.-nizin(y nozzle 36 20 ivhich, as shown, flai,es upnv-,trcily ,tnd out-wardly. It will be noted that the Lipper edge of the nozzle is iii the forin of a kiiife edge 37 wliieli is instrumental in atomizilig the i-Liel as the fuel passes oft this edge. 25 The flaiiae 35 is connected iiitli the upper 'n end of the outer ivall 39- by the screwtlireacled connection 38. A plurality of faii vaiies 39 extend outwarcII3, fi,om the outer side o" the jiozzle 36 immediately beiieath 30 the ato-tiiizinu edge of the liozzle. For stipplying fuel oil to the atomiz.ing .Liozzle, I pi@ovide the standpip- 40, tl -ie lower end of wliieh is enlarged ai-id - t'itted into the tapered opening 41 at the lower side of th-@ 3.5 liousing, aiad held iii position by the nut 42 1 eno,ao-ilig the threaded extension 43 of 'Llhe n n standpipe. The enli),rgecl end of the sttndpipe is provi.ded -witli a plurality of raclial opeiiings 40 -'4 which com,,ii-Linicate with the annlil,,ir ove 45 extending around the periphery of t@e enlarged portion of the staildpipe. Ftiel oil is supplied uiider pressure to the I)eriplieral aroove 45 tliroiigl-i the pipe 46. Foi, the 45 sake"gf convenience, in ina(@Iiinin@ a-ucl assembliiig, the standpipe 40 is made in two 1)Ltrts joined by tlie,screwthreacled coiineetion sho-wii at 47. Thc,, fuel nozzle 48 com@ municates iv itli the s4bai-idpipe 40 adj@icent -5 th@-, upper end thereof and extends clo@vnwarclly to a point adjacent the bottom of the aiipiilar cup 31 and 'ulien out-wardly to ,i poiiit adjacent the wall 32 ol the cup. For pi-otectino@ the Ltomizino, nozzle 55 ag,,tlnst the iiitense heat produced ipn tiie fire box, I provide a hollow cup 49 o' fire clay or otl-ier heat insulating materiil ivhich is supporte(I b@- the annular m-tal cup 50. The annular metal cup 50 is, in t-Lirii, supported 60 by the s,,ipporting 'n 51 which hts @tn ai-irl g ni,il,,Lr seat forraed therein for the reception of a gasket 52 of heat insulatiiio- materia:l iipo-,i -v@,hich the flange 53 of the ciip 50 rests. By tlils coli.str-tictioii, tl-ie cip 49 not oiily 65 protects the tipper end of the ,itoir@izing nozzle against the he,,it of the oil flan-ie but also prevents the transmission of heat to 'Lhe lower portions of the stand ipe. The prop tecting riiig 5A ivhich is iiiouiited upon the upper end of the stalidpipe betnieeii the sup70 portina ring 51 and the fuel nozzle 48 aild which@i?s of such diam-Iter as to leave ,t sm,,ill space betnveeii its outer edge and the inner periphery of the atomizing ilo2zle, prevents any spr@ay, -which may be produced at the 75 upper eiid of the cup 32 froin being carried -Lip against the outer surfaces of 'Llhe ,ipper end of the stindpipe, the supporting riiig 51 and the clil) 50 and oiio'ealino, thereon. A c,,ip 55 iyhich is s-Lipported by the upper so end of the standpipe extends oier the upper end of the annular ),vall 33 ii,hiel-i, in effect, coiistitutes a continuation of the hollow dle and prevents lubricating oil from spln O' ilag downwarclly betiveeii the rotl'illo- 9 5 7 clle spin and the standpipe aiid u r iig I III the 1 b icatinu oil in tl e housi wh'ch iibe referred to later on. With the construction jtist described ', ivhen oil iinder pressu,-e is silpplied to the sta,-Icl- 90 e 40 ald the spindle ajid atomiziiio, nozzle PIP t@ ,ii-e i-ota'L--,d by me,,ins which I shall pi-es--iitl y clescribe, the 6il passes throug%li the ftiel iiozzle 48 into the loiier eild of the aniiular etip 31. Due to the ceiitrifugal force pi,o- 95 (iticed by the i ot, ti6n of the cup, the oil -ivliieh is 'nitially delii,er d thereto ivill be e forced out%vardly agtinst the wall 32 of tile clip aiid build tip in an annular ring. the iniier vvall of which -wi 11 be substant , ially I 0 0 st-.,aio-lit, until the ci-ip is filled with oil subzn stantially ,is illustrttecl iii Fig,-,,,e 3. As iiioi.-e oil continties to floiv into tlle etip, the (@entrilugal force ivill cause it to spreld Lip-. Aviidlv and outwardly over the otitiiardly 105 I-larin,r stii-face of the atomizing nozzle 36 v,,iitil it is @lisch-rged from theItoinizing edge 37. Here it is niixed -with the air delivered by the ftii vanes 39 to form a comI)ustible mixtui-e iybich, -Lll)on being ignited, iio ,- )rodtices aii inct-.-Idenseent, ivhite fl@inie of iiiteiise lieat givinooff btit little smoke. '7' Crticle i.ii(I regidlitirri oils cont,,iiii vai,ioti@ll C e, 7L iMPILI-ities whi 11 hav heretofore m, de it difficult to operate, continuously for ally 115 leiig.tli of time, an atornizina nozzle of the rotary type bedause of the tendency of these iiozzles to become cloguecl by the impurities in the oils. This is pai-ticularly trtie of residuuiii oil -kvh ich contains a s,,tl.t soltition 1 20 )vhich. under the qction of tl-ie heat to -which t biirner is subjected, has heretofore catisecl certtin constituents of the residuum oi-I to cono-eal in the passage-w,,tys of the various types of burners -%,vhich have beeii desi@,yned 1-2@5 to burii this oil aiid also upon the sur@aces of the outwardly flaril-ig nozzles, thus makiiig it necessary to f-reqtiently dismantle the btiriiers for the purpose of remvoing the tliiek jiezti-y compoiind ivhich collecte(i in the @l@O
[3]1,4031952 I)assageways, ancl the cleposit on the atomiz;.ng nozzle. It iias my origiii,,tl object iii providing the etil) 31 to form a centrifu(,al sepai,ator which A would deposit the lieav@ier impurities ,tnd compouncls from the fuel oil ,ind permit the liglit(,,r uncongealable oils to p,,iss outwardly over the surface of the atomizing nozzle. Iii conformance -with this ide-,, I had intended 10 to miil@e the cup 31 of sufficient capacity to holcl the impurities separated froni the fuel oil dtiring ,t period of continlious. operation aiid to theii place the burner out of commission, opeii the cup 31, remove its contents 15 alicl again place the burner in operation. Throiigh actual -Lise I h,,tve fou.ncl 'that the acuion11-ati:ino- plttee in the centrifugal separator is entirely different froiii that -which I had iliticip,,tted. In actiial use,'L-he salt sol'ii.- 20 t-loii which is mixed with the ftiel oil separ,,ltestheref-rom under the centrifugal ,tetion and completely fills the cup 'al substantially in the r-qanner shown in Figiire 3. It will, of colirse, be understood -Lhtit ip-itiall@7 LI-ie 2 5 etip 31 is fillecl with oil but this oil is 0radually displacecl initla continued operatioii of the burner -,Lnd in time the cup 31 becomes conipletely filled -with the salt solution so that the oil subsequently fed into the cup 30 througlithepozzle4Sn,,Lis,.-,toi-eachtlie atom-: izi-.ig nozzle, pass througli a coiisidem, bl6 bocly of this salt solution which is slightly warmed by heat trai-ismitted to the walls of tl-ie cup do-Nvnwardly along the metal form35 ing the ator-qizing nozzle. The oil fed iiito the body of wa@er -will, by reason of its specific gravity being less than that of the salt solution, be gradually forced inivlilrdly I L'o the. inner wall of the annular ring of salt 40 sollition and then forced ou'u- over tli.e iziiig noz7,le. I have f ound that the oil del-Ivered fr,)m @ltio ciip 31 does not cono-etl or cleposit tipoii 4@tie scirface ol@ the atomizing nozzle as it has 45 done in ttomiziiip- nozzles of the type hei@e@o'ore in iise iii which there is no prelimi@ll'@7 sepai -ation of the watei- fron the ftiel (Ii I bel'eve this is due to the fact th,,tt i,,, lh(, separat i) u ed water le,,ives tl-i(, ettl) 'I, 50 ]@t, by reason of its higlier density, is helcl Iii coiit,,ict Nvith the surface of the atomizing iiozzle bv ceiitriftigal actioii forming -t thin filin of @vater over which the thin film of oil 'tron-i the separ,,ttor floats until it reaclies 55 the atomizing ed-(-e, of the nozzle. In this ,.-D-annei-, the oil is prevented from adhei-ing to the slirface. F-Lirther while after coi-itiiiiieci oper,,ttior, a slight deposit col'iects -i tli l@ - uppei- corners of the cup 31, the 60 anount of this deposit is very slight and does not, iii an3, -"ray, compare )vith the .toount of sediment and congealed com,)otiiicl ivhich collects in ,iiicl upoii the atoiilizill@L@ iiozzles hereto-@@ore emplo,)lecl vvl-iile -il-l-ity of t]-ie saiiie oil. 65 aii eciii,,il qiia As a mat'L-or of fact, I h,,tve opem, tecl a btirner of the 'ilype describecl over, compar,@itively si)e,,tklllg, very exteias-Lve 1,@eriods of tiiii-. qncl foLiiieL L-pon opening '-L-,Iie clip 31 thit all it coiitained ii,,-,s ,t sliulit LmoLi.-It of silt solli- 70 Li(,,ii aiicl some cleposit i,-i the ,,,pper is iientioi-ied above. It will be clear that -wlien the spinclle stops rot,@iting the water in the cup 31 -wi'Ll move cloiinwardly tit-itil i'Lls upper s-Lil-face extends 75 from the wall 32 to tlle well 33. At the saiiie 'Lin-ie the sttndpipe ,tnd tl-.e -JL'uel nozzle act as a syphon to remove the gretter poi@- tioii oT tl-.ie, ivtter froin tl.-ie cup. - TI-ie absence of i-Liy sediment iii the botton-i 50 of the c-Lip 31 is Probably dlie to the agitati-,ic,- eff-ect which the lower end o-'L -the fliel no@zzle 86 procluces ii-i the inater or salt solution in tlie bottom of- t'ile c7Lip. This agitpti-on -is probably siifficlent to li:eep the 86 heavier pqrticles in a sttte of s-Lispension and thus cause them to pass o:ff over the surf ace of 't-,he ,t'i-,oiiiizil-ig nozzle. '-@t should b-- P-oted thpt the Derpendicularly extending i)oj,tion of the atomizing nozzle zi-S is positioned in- 90 wardly beyond the ini-ler ivall of the annlilir ring of witer or oil. By this cOT-istructioii, the amount of power AV'-,-Iich is reqliired for rotating the iiozzle, is considerqbly redliced beloiv that -which ,vould be required if this 95 vertictlly extending portiop- of tlle nozzie shoulcl extend into the ann-Liltr rln,- of water or oil. For driving the hollow spliidle 30, 1 provicle tl-ie beveled i)inion 60 which is securod l@oo thereto adjacent 'uhe lower encl tliereof and ivl-ilch is driven by the beveled gear 61 secured to the end of the drive sh,-Lft 62 of @ube motor -9!1-. The gn@ r 61 is splinecl to 'L-he encl of the sh,,,.ft 62 @qnd i)roiided ivith an ex 106 teiicied hlib 63 which is joiitn,,,.Ied ii-i the doiible sloev,- beirin- formed by tl-ie two s'ieoi,es 64 incl 65, the sleei,c 64 be' g proi,ided ivitli raclial oi)enings 66 all(, lonfyitii. -rool,es 67 for supplyiiig ILibric-,,,nt to 110 2n the oliter siirface oi' tl o sleeire 65. A set ('@T serc-ia, 66' ii-iay I)e Li.F@e pi, 61 relpti've 1,@o tl di@-ical lioi-ising 67 eiel.oses a portioll of the sliift 62, one eii(I o@f the bo-itsin(y 6t I)einu @115 stipl,)oi@-t-(,l by the boss 68 o-LI 'uhe -,nd me.-abor and ti-I.e otlier encl beino-' slipported b)T the bricl(,-e 69 sectirecl,-to the bise plftte. For supplyino- oil, undei- i)resstii,e, to 'uh@ttoinizin(y n@zzre, T provicle'the aenr pump 120 70 -",Iiicli is cli,iven '-Iiro-Li--b the shaft 71, -",orm ivlieel 'i2 (@see T"i(,@ure 7) and - worm 73 on the sli,,tft 62, the sfitft 71 comprisilig a coupling 74. A suction pipe 75 le,,tds from the stii,)ply tank 76 to the o-eir pumi) 70. The 125 gear ,Dui-,ii) '@O discharo-es into the pressure 'Lanl@: 77 tlirougl-i the tiiii-on 78. The fuel oil ),-@sses frcm the pressure tank @7 through @lbe, i)ressure reuulLtin(Y valve 80 whieb controls t,@e pressilre oT"'L-,he fuel in the tank 13o -(! .[.Oi' ftcljustidg the iioii 60. A cyliii@
[4]1,403,952 m,,,.y be of a,-iy suitable t,vpe a.-Lid is illustratecl as comprising a lever 81 havi-,i(,- i - "7ei--ht 82 adjust.-tble. thei-eon by .P@ieall,S o-O illilich the pressi-ire in the taiik 'f7 cin I)e Lcl iisted, as desired. Before t,racing the patli of the fiiel oil from the presstire tank 77 to the atoliaizing nozzle, I shall -L,rst describe the colirse of the ilie,l passin- olit thioiigli the valve 80. Froi-a 10 the v@ilve 90, the ftiel passes tlirouah the pipe 85 iiito one side of the holloiv end member 27 foririi.,ig a part of 'L-he 'ilousinfor the zn lio'l.lo@v spiiadle a-.icl its @irii,-inff mechanism over tlio b,,t',Ve 86 anc,L ovit throilfyh the pipe n 15 8'(. Tl-jp- inlier siclc 61@' th@, hollo-\v end niembei, 27 is providecl witi@i ,-i I)].Lirility of heat ,i,bsoi,b'n(@- fins or ribs 88 -v@h'ch condLic4 the lie.it -f,'@olii the iiiterior of the casin(y to the 11 passin(y throu,-,h the I)assage-wt3T 89 of 0 t@ 20 the hol.lonv encl ,iiember 2'@. TI-ie heatecl oil 1)asse,, oiit throtic,-h tho pipe 87 cncl is i-e&, ttiriiecl to the si-ipplv t,).Dl@ 76 v,,here its beat 0 is i-a(liated to the at -ii sphere or 'he medilim sui-roiiiidino- the t,,iiik 76. It -\,vill tlius be 25 sceii tliit T I)rov-Lde meails for conSt,@Intl3T eirei,ilqtii-i-, the oil throiiuh the I-)ressure ta-nk qiad the liollo-w enci ine..nbei, of the bousing, i-\Tlicreb.1, I aii not onlv e-@icible(I to cool the li,,)usiiig 1-)iiL" at the same time to maintain 30 tl-le, pro'pei, ,)ressiii@e in tl-ie, tank '(i to sul)ply the iiiel oil to the atorqizip- ftiel nozzle @t the proper r,,tte. Under the presstire existinl- in the presstire t,-,xik 'f 71 q, por@li-o-,i o'L t-lie f tiel oil passes 35 'tlie v,,ili,e 95 the clet,,tils of WI @iieli -will be described later on, into the pipe 46 Nvhicli, vs hereto@oi:e clescribed, empties into the ,iniitilar (,roove 45 at the bo4utom of the standpil)e 40. 40 CoT)-slderable difficiiltv h-,ts heretofore beeii experie,iieecl in controlf'ii-ig the flow of fuel oil to atomizinz nozzles because of- the tend(,ii,,y o-r. the secliment ,i3id he,,tvier constittiopts o-f. oi, coml)oiincls found ii-i the fuel oil to 45 clocy tlle e i atin,,, ialv . To overcome this (liffleiilty, T piovi(le ,t valve of the CoDstruetio,n shoiii-i in Fiyiires 1, 2, 6, 8 ,ind 9. This i-iilve c6ini)i.-i@.,,es tlio v,,ilve s&,tt 96 Nvi.tli wliieh tile TICC'(Ile v,,ilve 97 co-acts to control the floii, 5( oT-, f-iiel oil to the hozzle. The needle vali,e 97 is rot,,ilu,tbly moiintecl in the body of the valve ai-ici is Irovided a'u iits outer encl -wiili ,i, iyorm wbeel 98. The wheel 98 is @iriven bv I'@e worm 99 "on the sh,,tft 100. 55 The sli,,tft 100 is iournaled in the lever 101 )vliieh is piiotally motintecl on the bracl@:c-t 102, the lo-vter end of -which is clamped to tli(, pipe 46 -,s shown in Fi,-Llres 8 ancl 9. The encl of t@e shaft 100, opposite the end 60 I)rovided ivit@ii. the worm 99, has sectired tbereto, ,L belt 1)iillev 103 wliieh is drivep- b)T the belt -ulley 104 on the shaft @l (see Fic'r. p t@ l-) through the belt 105. A ill@T l(if) seclirc@, 't-o 16!ie leve,- 101 -' -,s eii65 --@,iged ',)v @,. pliingei- 10'@ wliieli is slidable in i bore in 4lie brt,.cket u 102 and -Lir(-e(I oiitZ-- ii-ai-clly by -,L spriiag 108, the sprina-j)rersed pluiiger tending to move tl)e. l(@vcr @101 in counter-clocl@-wise direction so as to dise ra-e tlae woriii 99 from the worm wheel 70 98-1 A latch 110 pivoted to tlie arm 102 at Ill provides meads for holdino, tl-ie lever 101 in posi'Lio@n to cause the vv-orm 99 to rotate the worm ANheel 98. If foi@ ,iiiy reason, it is desired to stop the rotation of the needle 75 valve, the latch 110 is iiioved tipward]3,, tliereby pei@i-nittin-- the ii,orm 99 to be cl-iszn ongagecl froiii the -\vorm wl-iepl 98. A set screw 'LI2 cai-ried by the br,,icket 102 eii-a(,@es the iil)per eiid of the needle v@ilve 80 91 and b.@- ad'vs'iii jit of this set screw the j L e iieedle Nal)-e 97 can be tirged toi-,,,,trd its se,,,,t @-tfl-ainst 'ulie tension of the compressloii sprin,(-r 113. TTpon adliistinu the set screav iii the opposite direc@Lion, t@lie spi@in(-x 113 @q,5 moies tlae iieeclle A7alv(, 97 qlyav froni i's - L seit@. this 1-i'leaiis, tile, flo-vi, of oil to the ttomiziiioiiozzie can be acljusted as desii@ed. A eire-Lil,,i- sc,,tle 114 att,,tehed to 'L-lie sot screiv ai-i(l aji iii(lex !I;-) SIIPI,)oi,ted 1))- 90 bricket 102 pi-ov'(Ie means T-or - iii@,ic@itiiot@he a(ljtis'L-m(,iit oT' the needle The sh,,ift (i2 is coinparatiN-cl,,- lonoaiid to pr,@ieiit @vil-)raLiOn tliei,eof I ])roi-i(l(,, it ivith t,"7o iiitei@n-iediate be,@Lrii-ic,-s ll;-) an(! 11 O' 9,5 (see Fio,iii@e 7) -whicli are S,,,Lppol'ted b3, the lio-Lisin(y ii-iclicated as a iihole bv the re-fereiiee character 116. Tlic@ housin'. 116 is i)roviclecl with an ,tnniilar boss or ex@Lension 117 ivliie'i is siippor4Led bN- tl-io,, bridge 69 1 0 0 ']'lie, laoiisino,- IIC) is provi(led -witl-i ,t lateral (,.@,tcnsi.on 119 (see Fl-,-Ure 6) iihicli pr@)vici@@s a filling ope-yiin- wliereby Itibricatin 9 oil cii-i I)e supplieci to the housiiio- 116 s,,ti(I I 0 5 the li ope,21iig being closecl bv iu,@ i@-)O. glas@ 121 coniiect-, ivith the literal exteii si@p, 119 t6 indicate ttie hei(-Iit of the !Ltl)r!catin,)-oiliii t,lielioiisingII9. Tliehoiiscatinfr oil to tlae 110 Jii,, 116 is fi@llecl \vitli Iiibri lea-el of tlie ceiiter of the shlift 62 aiid N--, tlic,. iiio'L,(,r is iii ol)ei-atioii the oil is tlii,oA-vi-i til)ivai@(llv iiito the lioiisino- lie) 1).y Itibr',clttlllf-r 't'lle, of @In tlie sliafts '2 @iiid 'il. ii-n oil 122 preveiits tl-ie 115 oil froiii creepiii(y oiit tlong the shtft 62 toi,,Tard the m6toi-. lie sliace ei-iclosed 1),i, tle central sectioii of the h,)using 'or the hollow spindle aiicl tli(, t-wo ehd sectioiis 26 -tnd 27 forms 1 20 aii oil -v;ell for confinino- the oil for Itibricatin- the beqrin,(,Ys of the spiilclle ancl of t'lie, drive -,Iiaft 62 Nvliieh ,ti@-e siipported by the lio,,isint,;. For the I ptiri)ose of l@eepiiig tl-ie po-,ver 125 required to operate the atomizin- nozzle to a minimitm@ I prefer toi-a,,tintc@ ain the oil level in the oil ivell 125 belonv the lo-wei, encls of the 4Lcetli of tl-ie pinion 60. (See F, igi-ire 4.) Otlierwise the teeth of this pi n- 1 3 0 I)CI(I iii b.)@ tli@, set screiv, 118.
[5]iol-i, tliresl)ill@, tlll-otlgl-l the oil, Avotilcl consume a very considerable ,ti--qou-Tit of I)oiver. To -iiiaint',tiii the oil at this I m,,tlice tli(@ teeth of the clrive geii@ 61 somell,liat loii_7ej, than the teeth oi the beveled pinion 60 so that thev project otitwardll- I)eyond the teelli of tli,,, pinion 60 aiid dip i-nto the oil in the well 125. D@,i3-i.n(_, op(,r,-@tion, the projectiii- ends of the teetli of the gear 61- 10 @!i]) iiito the oil (ind c,,iri.-v it Lipii,ardly wbere the cei-itrifti(rg,'. force elltiises it to be thrown otity@-ardlv in.to the be,,tring 28 tnc'[ also ilie ope,@iin(-- 12C) 'Lorn-ied in oiie sidc oil@ tl-ie, CI , I s eti@oi 2,@') 6f the lioiising. @)Tlil CIV, e It e 15 The c-il i Iii@o@vn oiit-"-,irdlv tlii-ouali the open126 strikes the top 127 o-ic 'Llie oil eireiilaI'll" tie@l- Coll cltiit '128 which exten.ds longi.tiidiof@ the c tral st@ct'on 25 aiid empties tlirougi-i @Lllie opeiiin- 129 into the cliamber 20 J.30, exteT-.Lcling acros-, tl-ie outer f-aep, of the eiio, member 26 aicl forming a continuatioii of the o-LI civelifqting coiidli@i 128. An opeiiiii- 1131 i,.i tl-ie ivall betiveen the chaiiiber 1 30 ?,n@L the well 125 forms an ove-,cflow 25 f-rom the oil eircul,,iting e6nduit ii-ito the oil i-vell Tt iiill be noticecl @lliilt the lower ed(Ye j@11)9@ Of the opeiiina 126 (see Figtire 4) lies ,@tt ,t level qooi7 ilie levcl of tli- oil ii-i the -vvell@ 125. 1,@lith the ari-ani,-e30 iiieiit ii.ist clescrii)ecl, th,-i-e ;Is a continiioi,s c.irciil,,tt.ioii of tl-i.-@ oil fro,-i-i the oil ivell 12.-) h t'ii(,. oil eir-,iilatino- condiiit ind the overfl,)-w o-,)eiiiii- 131 b,,tek ii-ito the oil well. 'L li'ls circlil,,itloii Of tlic oil teii(Is pren-ent it 35 f-roiq gealiii(, as it Avoiilcl do i-LI not stib'on @eetc,ci to ,icrit,@i.tion. For tile )urpose of properly limitino@ the u-,tntity oflubi-icating oil in the ho-Lisin,27, pro,7ide an overflow tank 130' -which is 40 connectecl with the eirculatip-g conduit 128 (see lligure 2) by the pit)e 131. If the level of the oil in the eircul-ating conduit is too Iiigh, it will flo-w thro-Ligh the pipe 131, the ta-D-k 130 and'out through t-lie overflow pii)e 133 i.nto the lubric,.Lting oil receptac,e 134. By referrin ' p, to Figure 3, it will be seen thlit the enci member 26 is provided with a siiiall passaoeway 136 for conductin@,, Itibri5c, cating oil thrown off the ge,,ir 61 to the upper side of the bearings for the end of the shtft 62. The lubric,,int, after passin,,othroLio,,I-.t the be,,trino@s, will clrop into tl-@@ ,imber 130 forming a i')a el-I, rt of tl-ic eirculat55 ing conduit. T shall iiow, by refere-nee to Figures 3., 11 n d 12, describe the details of construction of the fire box wbich I prefer to use in conr,ection with my oil burner. The metal por60 ti-on of the fir; box is pi-eferabl3r formed )vith an annular ring 140 for supportino_the metal cross-bars 141 and 142, to the lower sides of wliich ,Lre bolted the aD(Yle iron supports 143. The holloiv conical ring 65 144 surroutiding the bii-ner is provided with a plurality of lugs 145' upoii the angle iron supports 143 @ind vertically ad-@ justable by meails of the tdjiisting screws 146. By adjustino- @lliese -scre@vs, the rin(y d 144 can be adjust@d vertically ind levele" 7 0 to bring the air vane 147 into the proper relation ivith the iaiies 39 of the ,itomiziny nozzle. The lower edue of- the ring 144 is turned otit-wardly tnd iip-",,trdl y as shown at 148 to provide an ,tiinular 75 trouo-h which is dr ined by the pipe 145. a A ri@ol 150 is sup,,)orted by ilie cross-b,-r 141 and 'in turn suppoi@t,s a. plurtlit-.y of sliectmetal sectors 151 having the interl eking 0 overlappino, edges 152 and 153 as F31iown 80 'i2. in Figure The inner encls of the seeto rs 151 rest upon the upturnecl lo-vver ceige of the ritig 144 and their otiter encls in, supported by the ring 150 tt stich ftn elevttion that the sheet metal rif@,@ formed by 85 the overlapping sectors 151 inclines down'- wardly towarcl the center of t-he fire box. The outer ends of the sectors ire flfiiged upwardly as shown at 152'. Fire bri,-ks 153 are arranged arolind the vertical sicles 90 of the fire box, the lower ends theroof being supported by the sectors 151 ,ind the, space bet-ween the lower ends of the fire briel@s 153 and the ring 14-4 is then filled with fire clU or other refractory m,,).teriil ' 95 Witli the construction describea aboi,e, 171 the event the flame is for tny reason, (,xtinguished and the oil continues to b'e di-scharged into the fire box, it will riiii do-,vn between@ the, fire b@icks 153 ,ncl tbrough 100 cracks, v,,hich develop in the fire el,-,v, onto the slieet metal sectors 151 @nd C-11-Itin into the t,roii(,h formed at the lower eda,,c of tl-ie ring 14f . The oil drtinino@ into this troufllh wiII7 then discharge into th-o pipe 1--15 which 105 mtv either co du t the oil bac@l@@ to the,, s-Li,,-)- n c ply tank or M,,iy lead to a savitch of we I 11-known construction for@ interruptin@f the suppl of etirrent to the 1-1 y motor. -i experim ent . T iiI cii@Lisc,)vere(l. l@l 0 Througl 0 that pra-etically ,)II of tle i,ncl residtium fuel oils do not coti 4- 'li-ii water to mali:e the atomiz,-tion as co pletc@ and efficient qs it wotild b@- 1)rovid(,d tl-iese 115 ftel oils cont-,I,ined more Y@ater. '@ii Figiii.@es I and 2-1 I have, therefore,. illiistrated ine@i7,@3.s I)y ivhich I can supply Id ditioi-ial@)Vat,--r 'Lo u '-he fuel oil before it 'Is 'Led to tli,-, cf,,rtrifti !@',9 I separator. This meiiis coniprises a PiT,)c l@(5 120 adapted to be connectecl % source of vNater and comprisinc, -t si(,ht-feeri vtl-,,(,, 176 1-@ by means of which the q ,intity of witer fecl to the oil flowing in the pipe 46 ctn be observed ,tnd controlled. By thi8 me-,,ins, I am 125 enabled to supply the proper qlianti'y of water to the fuei oi-I to rod-Lice the, @iost efficient atomization. P I have found, throtigh experiment, thgt I can. mix the fuel oil with wi@t(@r approxi- 130
[6]1,403,952 mately equal to one-sixteenth of the qliantity of oil being fed an(I obtain A,ei@y o-ood atomization of the f-uel. It is possi6le-that the intense heat of the fiame 1),-odiLiecd by t'ile burner procluces L certain ain6iiiit of disassociation of the water and that the o-ases thus proclueed either retinite or combine ivith the itomized fuel cluring the oxi(lation process. In any event the fl' e ro10 cluced b the @tddition of Nvater i@smpral)ctically ineindeseent inclic,,itin@,, A,- ery thoroligli combustion. In Figtire 13, I h, ,tve illustrated a modified form ofconstruction for the centrifugal 15 separator in -Nvhicli the nozzle 48 shoiyn in Fi,-tire 3 is omitted and the stanclpi.pe 40 provided near its upper end -with ,t series of radial opcnings 180, throu(-h )@,hich the ftiel oil is discl-iarged -Lincler IoNv pressure and 20 flo-ws down onto the tol) of the cap 55 ancl along the outside of the depending flano-e 55' thereof ind drops onto the annular rino, 181 from which it is discharged by centrifugal action into the ,innular ring of fuel ancl 25 water, filling the otiter portion of tlie cup 31. If desired, agitators 182 may be secured to the flange 55' of the cal) 55 ,tnd project outwardly to ,i point near the iiiner peripherl, of the ciip 31 for the purpose of 30 agitating any deposit whicli may lodge iii the ciip and catise it to flo-w, outw,,trdlyover the atomizin(- nozzle. In burning many fuels, the a-itators 1-82 can be omitted, t@hereby lesseiiing the resist35 aiiee to the rotation of the mixture in the cup 31 and thus decreasin(- the amo-Lint of power required for operttin- the btiriier. While I have describecl the details of constriietion of the preferrecl ernbodinieiit, of 40 my improved oil burner ind the met-hod of burning fuel thereivith, it is to be clearly understood that my invetition is not limited to these details but is cap-@Lble of otber adaptations and modification@ witliin the 45 scope of the appended claims. Having thus described Tny 'invention, -Ni,h,it I
