1)363@239 depth aiad prefertbly of traiisverse ividth equal to about onehalf the thickiiess of the ring. As sho-wn in the (lrawin(y, t'lie recess 14 is preferably of subst,,Lntitlly the sime dimensions as the shoulder portion 15, aiid the length of the shoulder 15 is tlso preferably of the same len(yth as the base 16 of the tono,ue or lip 13. fll'e other end 12 is fo,-med just the op10 posite f rom the end 11, aiid is adaptecl to articulate with the end It. The end 12 hlts a tongue l't integral and in circumferential Lilinement ivith the exterior stii-f,,tee oi'7 the ring; while the end of the, ton(riie 1--@ is 1.5 kerfed so as to provide an extensioii oi, I,ip 18 of dimensions equal to the recess 14 of end 11; and therefore providiiig P, kerf o-f dimensions equal to th.e should@@i- 15, ii-i orcloil to permit a complete doil-e-t,,iiling of these 20 parts. The tongue 17, like tongue 13, is ,ilso slibstantially half the tl-iiekness of the ring, so that when the two tonglies ,ire broiight into overla ping relatioii, the combiiied thickP 25 ness is equal to that of the 1-in(r 1. The end 12 adjacelit to the tongue I-,, and on the iniier surface tliereof is clit (- Ii,,i,go,iall at the same degree as the diagonil fory m,t -I of ton(,Ue 13, so ts to provicle the , tiol 30 slopiiip-- shoulder 19, -which iiielines ,irdl@7 W, from the other end tbereof is clearINT showi@ in Fig. 9. The base of the sh6tilcl@,., 9 is i-emoved from the lower oiiter en(I of the tongue 17, the same distance ',LS the 35 sh6ulder 15 is reii,.ioved from,the loyl,er.ei-iCi of the tongue 13; ii -i other -words, tlie @-ai-io,lis toii-ues, kei-fs aiid shoulders ,ire all o-E coi@responding dimensions iii order that thei,e n,iay be complete artictilition 6f the ends 4o ,tnd 12 when the ring has been compresso,,l into completely closecl conditioii is li) Figs. 1, 2, 6 and 7. Witl-i the colistri-iction shoivii ai-ici described. it is tppareiit th,,tt tb@e di,-i-oi!-il, 45 tonaue 13 and clia-onal oi- slopiii 9 19 will preltent the ei-ids separ,,ttliig iiito lion-,,tlined relitioti through any d o@17niv,,ti-d pressi,ire exertecl on the riiip, as I)os;ti,)iief-I 'jii tlle dr,,t-wiiig; while the shoiildei@ 15 aii,-l tiie 5o lip 18 will intei-locli: and m,,tllltain '.-he, ei-i(is in ilined relatioi-i duriiig aii3, Lip-",ai-d pi-esSur(" oia the rin2@ as posiiione(l. i-Ti ti-ie dr@-ti@,ing; tllis inte@l.ockino- relation being, of cotirse, m,,iintained @irlien the riiic,r an@L pis,g5 ton@head hqve been inserted ijito the evlinder. My improved ring, therefoi,e, provides ,t double seal as it were, -which iyill preveii4l the gases escaping transverselv or directly through the split eiids on the coinpressioii 60 stroke of the piston; @vhile at f,lie stme time ,t joint is proiided Avliieh Aiill PI-CITent pass,,tge of oil durina the reciprocatiol-I of the piston, is iio opeii pass,,i(ye by -",Iiich ftuld or oas may p,,tss from.oi-te side of the riiig 65 to the other is presel-ited. At the same time a single piece rin- is provided which will accommod,,ite itsel'f to a;ny degree of exp,,tiision, ivithin reasonat)le, ',,imits, aii(i yet eiiable aii iiiterlocking or ,irticul,,ition of the, 70 ends so as to prodiiee a se,,tl ,I,(F',Iinst a,,is oi, Oil pass,,ige. The colistriietioii shown tiid desei,ibed f beli;eve to be thc- simplest aiid I)est eml.),o(liinent of my iiiil-(,,ntion. I)iit n-io(.Iificit;oiis 75 m,,Ly be i,,,iacle ivithoii.t dep,-,i@tii-iofroiri tl-,c,, si)irit of my ina-ention. Wh,,tt I cl.aim IS'A transversely split, oi-' tb(,, charactei@ described, oiie,. eii(I \ibei-cof is i-e- 80 dticed oii the oviter s'iiri'ace the-ee,,)J' tji,@, other eiicl is i@edticed oi-i tl-io, iiiiieithereof so as to permit 4L]iem to reduced portion of the first iiteiitioiic,,d eii,d tei-miii,.iting ii-i ,t bevele(-!. ed,,e. Nvitli the 85 of the bevel disposecl toivard tlio opposite en(,l of the rin- Avhi.le the secoi-t(l iit(,,-iitioiied tD@ end is providecl witb ,t bevelcd sholildei- oil the iiii-ier stirface adjacelit to ti-,O, l,ecluce(l portion thereof, correspoildiil(, with the 90 bevel of the first mentionerl end so as to eng,,Lge therewith. the redticect portion of the inelltl'. ed end beyoi-id the - bevelecl shotilder bei kerfed to proA,-i(le a lip in cii-cui iferential alinem.eiit ivith the tip or 95 @.),pex of the beveled edge of the first mentioiied end bii,t tranSITerselv oft-set therefj@on-i so as to overlap siid'first mentioie@l e@t-id, while the first mentioiie,(-] encl is r(Ileessed oli its outer Surf@ice to correspon,,l loo with aiicl to i-eceive S,,iid lip tiid to pro-@-i(l@,, tL shoulder on the outer stirface It 1, point adjacelit to the reduced portio-Ti -' I-Ii,- fl, st OL L melitioned endi ad,,tpted to exi@encl ip.@,o the kei-f of said second mentione(,l elicl, the (1-- 105 gree of bevel of said bevelecl eiict @i:iicl the shoulcl-er iiid the lencytil of slid lip oil, e@xteiision and said recess bein- ill corr(,,I,,tte(I so as.to permit contractioii of the ring and provide a eoi-riplete intei-locking jiiiietui-e, lio between the eii.ds agaiiiqt sep,,tration ver.ti.cally in one direction by s,,ti.(l be@Teled eclgo, an(I shoulder and in the opposite (I,r et' i e ioii I)v said superposed lip ,ind shoiildei@. EINAP,@ P. riKMAN. Witnesses: G. I-TEIDMAN, F. A. FLORELL.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE, EINAR P. ERMAN, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS. PISTON-RING. 1,36;@,',239. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Dec. 28, 1920. Application filed October 18, 1919. Serial No. 331,601. To alltv /@ oii6 it may concen,@: Be it known that I, EINAR P. EKLVIAN, having cl.eclared myself to become a citizeii of the TJiiited States, and a resident of Chicago, iii the county of Cook and State ofIllinois, liave invented a certaiii iiew and useful Improvement in Piston-Ptiiigs, o-'L' which ti..te following is a description refei-ence beiii(y had to tiie accompaniring drawing, -wl-ii(.,,Ii forms a part of my sl)ecification. 10 illy iii@@entioil relates to a piston rin more 9 especiall.3T inteDde(I for use in interiial c6mbustion inotors; and t]@ie inventioll has foiits obje(@t the pro,.,isiori of an oil aiicl comessioi). proof rino, of slicli constructioii as Pr km 15 I)rovicle ,t clouble seti, @is it ivere, ao-,,tiist t .0 the pass-,ige of the gases dtiring botil tlio compression and the (,,xp-,tnsioli strokes of the pistoii witiiin the cylinder. 2@D Anotlicr object of my invention is to pi.-ovide a simple one piece rinu of stich colistructioji that the split ends thereof will be interloclied Aylien tlle ring has been pl,,teecl in the i-iiig-receivino, o,roove of the pistoiitn b 25 head aiict the latter is insertect within tll(@ cyliiider; the split eiids of the ring beiug so foririell tti-,it the s,@ime will at all times be intei-lockecl, whetlier the piston is on conipress.ioli stroke or oii exhaustion stroke; 30 ",itli th(,, result that the passage oT gases ivill be pr-@e-ti.cally inade impossible, Nvhile ,it the same tixiie the passage of oil into the compressioii chamber tlirough the pumping iction of tlle piston will be preventecl. 35 Aly improved piston ring is adaptecl to adjust itself @to what may be termed oversized oi- worn cylincl6rs, -witliin ,L reasonable r,,tiige or limit tlnd yet at the same time provide t compression proof and oil-tioht tn constructioii wliieh will accommoclate itself 40 t6 any expansion that m-,ty take place, so that perfect combustion is assured ,Lild the inaximuii po-wer of the stroke obtained. The al,)ove enumerated objects ay,,d advan45 tages oil iily improved rino:, as well as 6ther advant,,iges inhereiit in tli@' construuion, ivill b,e morc, f-Lilly compreheiided from the To'Llo-v%-ing (letailed description of the iccompanying clrawing, -wherein-- 50 Figur(@, 1 is a tnp plan Viei@v Of ]nlT impi-oved i-iiig shown in contr,,teted colidition. Fig. 2 is a plan view of a section of th(@ ring,nan.iely of the split ends and illustratiny the opposite side from th,,tt sho-wn in 5115 1; @vith the ei-ids arraiiged in interlocki.lig orcoiitracted relation. 1, I ig. 3 is a detail side elevation of the ends ol the rin- iii separated or expanded relation; the Agure showing the exterior side of the ring-ends. 60 Fig. 4 is a similar view, looking at the inside surface, with the ring moved halfivay ,tround, that is through about 180 degrees of a circle. Fig. 5 is a similar view of the fragmen- 65 tary portion of the ring in Fig. 3, except that the ends have been brought into partially closed position. Fig. 6 is a side elevation of- the exterior side of the ring-ends, illustrating the SaMe 70 iii completely closed positioli. Fi,y. 7 is a vienv similar to Fiol-. 4 illust@i,titing the ends completely closed as in Fig. 6, 'out looking at the iiiner circumference of the ring WI-iich has beeli disposed in the 7,5 s,,,me maniier as in Fig. 4. Fio'. 8 is a perspective view of one end of tl-ie ring; namely the end shown at the left in Fig. 3. -C' ii. 9 is a similar view of the other end; 80 iiamely the one shown at the rio-,ht in Fig. 3. @Nly invention as disclosed in the dr,,tNvinLy comi)rlses a single-piece ring 10 of resilient metti, split transversely so as to permit the split ends to normahy expan 86 true circumference of the ring, the ring to be sprung into plac Ilead ancl then contracted and conclition by the walls of the cylinder .tfter the piston has been put into place. 90 The disconnected ends 11 and 12 of the ring are of peculiar construction and arrangemeiit so as to articulate and provide a compression or gas-proof joint -wheii the riiio, is inserted into place in operative po- 95 siti6n. The end is diag@onally cut so as to proiicle ti-ie tonglie or lip 13 parallel with -@vliai we Nvill term the top side of the rinly. The tongue or li-p 13 is of less thickne-ss than ioo the thickness of the major portion of the ri . ilg; the tongue 13 being preferably about olle-half the thickness of the ring ,tnd iii eirouniferential alinement with the inner surf-ace or periphery of the ring 10 see Fig. io5 8 so Ls to enable the tongue or lip to be overlapped by the opposite end of the ring@ as shoivn in Figs. 1 and 5. The end 11, immediately adjacent the tongue or lip 13, and on the exterior side lic of the riiig, is kerfed so as to provide a right ,n,,,Uar recess 14 of predetermined